高考英语二轮复习 科普知识阅读理解5I.docx

1、高考英语二轮复习 科普知识阅读理解5I2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习 科普知识阅读理解（5）(I)科普知识（阅读理解）由 (xx辽宁,C)改编Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone cant make us tired.It sounds absurd.But a few years ago,scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue (疲劳).

2、To the amazement of these scientists,they discovered that blood passing through the brain,when it is active,shows no fatigue at all! If we took a drop of blood from a day laborer,we would find it full of fatigue toxins (毒素) and fatigue products.But if we took blood from the brain of an Albert Einste

3、in,it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.So far as the brain is concerned,it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of effort as at the beginning.The brain is totally tireless.So what makes us tired?Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue es fr

4、om our mental and emotional (情感的) attitudes.One of Englands most outstanding scientists,J.A.Hadfield,says,“The greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin.In fact,fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” Dr.Brill,a famous American scientist,goes even further.He declares,“

5、One hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”What kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? Joy? Satisfaction? No! A feeling of being bored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,a feeling of not being appreciatedthose are the emotions that tire sitt

6、ing workers.Hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue.We get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.1.What surprised the scientists a few years ago?()A.Fatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborers blood.B.Albert Einstein didnt feel worn out after a days work.C.The brain cou

7、ld work for many hours without fatigue.D.A mental workers blood was filled with fatigue toxins.2.According to the author,which of the following can make sitting workers tired?()A.Challenging mental work. B.Unpleasant emotions.C.Endless tasks. D.Physical labor.3.Whats the authors attitude towards the

8、 scientists ideas?()A.He agrees with them.B.He doubts them.C.He argues against them.D.He hesitates to accept them.4.We can infer from the passage that in order to stay energetic,sitting workers need to .A.have some good food B.enjoy their workC.exercise regularly D.discover fatigue toxins语篇解读:科学家们研究

9、发现,单纯的脑力劳动不会使人感到劳累。真正使人感觉疲劳的是一些不良的情感态度。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的To the amazement of these scientists,they discovered.可知,大脑活跃时,流经大脑的血液没有表现出疲劳。故C项正确。2.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,使脑力劳动者疲劳的主要原因是不良的情感问题,如:厌烦、生气、焦急、紧张、忧虑等,故B项正确。3.A推理判断题。本文主要介绍了科学家的研究成果,作者对此进行了进一步的分析、论证,对情感态度导致人疲劳的观点持肯定态度,并未对此进行质疑,故A项正确。4.B推理判断题。根据

10、最后两段的叙述可知,不良的心理和情感态度是导致脑力劳动者疲劳的主要原因,因而保持好的心理状态才会感觉精力充沛;B项意为“喜欢他们的工作”,符合文意,这就避免了导致疲劳的烦躁、气愤等情感。其余几项都与导致疲劳的因素无关,故排除。【疑难词汇解读】appreciate vt. 感激Id appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.如能让我继续工作,我会非常感激的。【长难句子分析】,.如果从一个劳动了一天的人身上取一滴血,我们就会发现血中充满了疲惫的因素及产物。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。(xx山东

11、实验中学一模)Global Positioning Systems (全球定位系统) are now a part of everyday driving in many countries.These satellitebased systems provide turnbyturn directions to help people get to where they want to go.However，they can also cause a lot of problems，send you to the wrong place or leave you pletely lost.M

12、any times，the driver is to blame.Sometimes a GPS error is responsible.Most often，says Barry Brown，it is a bination of the two.Barry Brown is with the Mobile Life Centre in Stockholm，Sweden.He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States.There

13、he borrowed a GPSequipped car to use during his stay.Mr Brown says，“They just plugged in an address and then set off to their destination.And，then it wasnt until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they actually put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived.They ac

14、tually put their home address in.So again，the GPS is kind of garbage in garbage out”Mr Brown says this is a mon human error，but what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortings，or failures，of GPS equipment.He says，“One problem with a lot of the GPS units is they have a very small sc

15、reen and they just tell you the next turn.Because they just give you the next turn，sometimes that means that it is not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that its going to the wrong place.”Mr Brown says，“One of the things that struck us，perhaps the most important thing was th

16、at you have to know what youre doing when you use a GPS.There are these new skills that people have developed.There are these new petencies (资格) that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.This goes against a mon belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational skills.”Barry Brown says to make GPS systems better we need a be