1、f(x)=xA nInf(x)二nlnx (In f(x)=( nlnx) f(x)/f(x)二n/x f(x)二n /x*f(x) f(x)二n /x*xA n f(x)二n xA( n-1)(2)f(x)=sinx=lim (si n(x+ x)-si nx)/ x=lim (sinxcos x+cosxsin x-sinx)/ x=lim (sin x+cosxs in x-si nx)/ x=lim cosxsin x/ x=cosx(3)f(x)二cosx f(x) =lim (cos(x+ x)-cosx)/ x =lim (cosxcos x-sinxsin x-cosx)/ x
2、 =lim (cosx-sinxsin x-cos)/ x=lim -sinxsin x/ x=-s inx(4)f(x)=aAx证法一:f(x) =lim (aA(x+ x)-aAx)/ x=lim aAx*(aA x-1)/ x(设 aA x-1= m,贝卩 x=logaA(m+1) =lim aAx*m/logaA(m+1)=lim aAx*m/l n(m+1)/l na =lim aAx*l na*m/ln( m+1)=lim aAx* In a/(1/m)*l n( m+1)=lim aAx* lna/ln (m+1)A(1/m)=lim aAx* In a/l ne=aAx*l n
3、af(x)=aAxIn f(x)=x Inaln f(x) =xl naf (x)/f(x)=lnaf (x)=f(x)Ina f (x)=aAxIna若a=e,原函数f(x)=eAx则 f(x)二eAx*Ine=eAx(5)f(x)=logaAx=lim (IogaA(x+ x)-IogaAx)/ x=lim IogaA(x+ x)/x/ x=lim IogaA(1+ x/x)/ x=lim In (1+ x/x)/(l na* x)=lim x*l n(1+ x/x)/(x* In a* x)=lim (x/ x)*l n(1+ x/x)/(x*l na)=lim In (1+ x/x)A
4、(x/ x)/(x* Ina)=lim In e/(x* Ina) =1/(x*l na)若 a=e,原函数 f(x)=logex=lnx则 f(x)=1/(x*lne)=1/x(6)f(x)=tanx=lim (ta n(x+ x)-ta nx)/ x=lim (si n(x+ x)/cos(x+ x)-si nx/cosx)/ x x)cosx-sinxcos(x+ x)/( xcosxcos(x+ x)=lim (sin xcos xcosx+sin xcosxcosx-sinxcosxcos x+s inxsinxsin x)/( xcosxcos(x+ x)=lim sin x/(
5、xcosxcos(x+ x)=1/(cosx)八2二secx/cosx=(secx)八2=1+(ta nx)八2(7)f(x)=cotxf(x) =lim (cot(x+ x)-cotx)/ x=lim (cos(x+ x)s in x-cosxs in(x+ x)/( xsinxsin(x+ x)=lim (cosxcos xsinx-sinxsinxsin x-cosxsinxcos x-cosxsin xcosx)/( xsinxsin(x+ x)=lim -sin x/( xsinxsin(x+ x)=-1/(si nx)八2二-cscx/si nx=-(secx)八2=-1-(cot
6、x)八2(8)f(x)=secx=lim (sec(x+ x)-secx)/ x=lim (1/cos(x+ x)-1/cosx)/ x=lim (cosx-cos(x+ x)/( xcosxcos x)=lim (cosx-cosxcos x+sinxsin x)/( xcosxcos(x+ x)=lim sinxsin x/( xcosxcos(x+ x) =si nx/(cosx)八2二ta nx*secx(9)f(x)二cscx f(x)=lim (csc(x+ x)-cscx)/ x=lim (1/si n(x+ x)-1/si nx)/ x=lim (si nx-s in (x+
7、x)/( xsinxsin(x+ x)=lim (sin x-s in xcos x-sin xcosx)/( xsinxsin(x+ x)=lim -sin xcosx/( xsinxsin(x+ x)=-cosx/(si nx)八2二-cotx*cscx(10)f(x)=xAxIn f(x)=x Inx(In f(x)=(xl nx) f(x)/f(x)=l nx+1 f(x)=(l nx+1)*f(x) f(x)=(l nx+1)*xAx(12)h(x)=f(x)g(x) h(x)=lim (f(x+ x)g(x+ x)-f(x)g(x)/ x=lim (f(x+ x)-f(x)+f(x
8、)*g(x+ x)+(g(x+ x)-g(x)-g(x+ x)*f(x)/ x=lim (f(x+ x)-f(x)*g(x+ x)+(g(x+ x)-g(x)*f(x)+f(x)*g(x+ x)-f(x)*g(x+ x)/ x=lim (f(x+ x)-f(x)*g(x+ x)/ x+(g(x+ x)-g(x)*f(x)/ x=f(x)g(x)+f(x)g(13)h(x)=f(x)/g(x) h=lim (f(x+ x)/g(x+ x)-f(x)g(x)/ x=lim (f(x+ x)g(x)-f(x)g(x+ x)/( xg(x)g(x+ x)=lim (f(x+ x)-f(x)+f(x)*
9、g(x)-(g(x+x)-g(x)+g(x)*f(x)/( xg(x)g(x+ x)=lim (f(x+ x)-f(x)*g(x)-(g(x+ x)-g(x)*f(x)+f(x)g(x)-f(x)g(x)/(=lim (f(x+ x)-f(x)*g(x)/( xg(x)g(x+ x)-(g(x+ x)-g(x)*f(x)/( xg(x)g(x+ x)二f(x)g(x)/(g(x)*g(x)-f(x)g(x)/(g(x)*g(x)=f(x)g(x)-f(x)g(x)/(g(x)*g(x)x(14)h(x)=f(g(x)h=lim f(g(x+ x)-f(g(x)/ x=lim f(g(x+ x)
10、-g(x)+g(x)-f(g(x)/ x(另 g(x)=u , g(x+ x)-g(x)= u)=lim (f(u+ u)-f(u)/ x=lim (f(u+ u)-f(u)* u/( x* u)=lim f(u)* u/ x=lim f(u)*(g(x+ x)-g(x)/ x二f(u)*g(x)=f(g(x)g(反三角函数的导数与三角函数的导数的乘积为 1,因为函数与反函数关于y=x对称,所以导数也关于y=x对称,所以导数的乘积为1)(15)y=f(x)二arcsinx贝卩siny=x(siny )=cosy所以(arcsi nx)=1/(si ny)=1/cosy=1/V 1-(si ny
11、 )八2(siny=x)=1/V 1-xA2即 f(x)=1/ V 1-xA2(16)y=f(x)=arcta nx贝卩tany=x(tan y)=1+(ta nyF2=1+xA2(arcta nx)=1/1+xT即 f(x)= 1/1+xA2总结一下(xAn)二nxA(n-1)(sinx )二cosx(cosx) =-sinx(aAx) =aAxIna(eAx) =eAx(logaAx ) =1/(x1 na)(I nx ) =1/x(ta nx)=(secx)A2=1+(ta nx)A2(cotx)=-(cscx)A2=-1-(cotx)A2 (secx)=ta nx*secx(cscx)=-cotx*cscx (xAx)=(l nx+1)*xx(arcs in x)=1/ V1/2=1/1+xA2f(x)g(x)=f(x)g(x)+f(x)gf(x)/g(x)=f(x)g(x)-f(x)g(x)/(g(x)*g(x)f(g(x)=f(g(x)g
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