初中英语 牛津上海版九年级上Unit6知识点及语法点Word格式文档下载.docx

1、直接引语中的时态间接引语中的时态一般现在时一般过去时过去完成时现在完成时过去完成时（不变）现在进行时过去进行时过去完成进行时或不变现在完成进行时过去完成进行时3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况 （1） 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候。（2） 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候。（3） 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时，如： He said, “I went to college in 1994.” He told us that he went to college in 1994. （4） 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如： He

2、said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school. （5） 当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时。（6） 当引语是谚语、格言时。（7） 当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时，如：The doctor said, “Y

3、oud better drink plenty of water.” The doctor said Id better drink plenty of water. （8） 此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday, tomorrow, this afternoon等均不必改变。如： Teacher: You may have the ball game this afternoon. Student: What did the teacher say, Monitor? Monito

4、r: He said we might have the ball game this afternoon. 4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化 （1） 时间状语：直接引语nowthentomorrowthe next / following daytodaythat daynext weekthe next/following weekyesterdaythe day beforetwo days agotwo days beforelast weekthe week beforethis weekthat week（2） 指示代词：these 变成those （3） 地

5、点状语：here变成there She said, “I wont come here any more.” She said that she wouldnt go there any more. （4） 动词：come变成go，bring变成take 5、直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 （1） 陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that, 如：He said, “I have been

6、to the Great Wall.” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “Ill give you an examination next Monday.”He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可说told that） 此外主句中的谓语还常有：repeat, whisper, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等，又如：He said，“Im late b

7、ecause of the heavy traffic.” He explained to us that he was late because of t-he heavy traffic. 如果间接引语是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句，第一个连词可以省略，以后的连词一般不省略，以免混乱。The doctor said, “You are not seriously ill, You will be better soon.”The doctor said（that）I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon. （

8、2） 直接引语为一般疑问句， 间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这一点非常重要。He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. （3） 直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whetheror表达，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror. 如：He asked, “Do you speak English or

9、French? He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train? I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. （4） 直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。He asked，“Whats your name? He asked（me）what my name was. He asked us, “How many

10、car factories have been built in your country?He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. （5） 直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask, advise, tell, warn, orde-r, request等。如ask sb. to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb. not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。He said，“Be seated, pl

11、ease.” He asked us to be seated. “Do be careful with your handwriting.” He said. He told me to be careful with my handwriting. “Never come here again!” said the officer nearby. The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again. “Dont touch anything in the lab without permission,” the teacher

12、 said. The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission. （6） 有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句，可用suggest, insist, offer等动词转述，如：He said, “Lets have a rest.” He suggested our having a rest. He said, “Let me help you.” He offered to help me. （7） 当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb. to

13、do sth. /suggest doing/advise sb. to do sth. 等形式转述。“Would you mind opening the door?” he asked. He asked me to open the door. “Why not going out for a walk?” he asked us. He advised us to go out for a walk. 或He suggested we go out for a walk. （8） 直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，如：She said, “Wh

14、at a lovely day it is! She said what a lovely day it was. 或She said that it was a lov-ely day. 【小试牛刀】1. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter2. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much di

15、d I pay D. how much I paid 宾语从句专项习题巩固练习1.Have you decided _for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was

16、the cinema B. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema was D. where was the way to the cinema4.I think _ you will like him.A. that B. if C. why D. how5.I didnt know _ he will come or not. A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. h

17、ow much these shoes cost D. how much are these shoes cost7.She asked me _ A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is8.Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is this C. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9.I dont know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC.

18、 the time to start the movie D. the movie what time starts10.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain tomo

19、rrow12.Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to13.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape14.They want to know _?A. where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will lea

20、ve D. why is the boy crying15.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Christmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking16.No one knows _ the professor will come to our schoo

21、l tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. when B. whether C. where D. if17.July didnt know_.A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. w

22、hat should we do19.We dont know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do it B. how to do C. what do it D. what to do20.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the money B. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found out D. whe

23、ther I found out the sender of the money 能力提高练习1. I dont know _ he will come tomorrow. _ he comes, Ill tell you A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I dont know _ the day after tomorrow. A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether hell come 3. Could you

24、tell me _the nearest hospital is?A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help?A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she

25、is looking after 6. Do you know where _ now? A. he lives B. does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I dont know _. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old a

26、re the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children dont know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I cant understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Chris

27、tmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means 11. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where12. Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting forC. who were you waiting for D. where you live in13. Do you still remember _?A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say14. I cant understand _the boy alone.A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left15. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had r