高二上学期期末考试英语试题解析版 2Word格式.docx

1、3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷（选择题）一、阅读理解Temples have existed for thousands of years. They are the proof of cultures and civilization that existed many years ago.Gobekli Tepe, TurkeyLocated on a hilltop in southwestern Turkey where it snows a lot in w

2、inter, the Gobekli Tepe is considered the worlds oldest temple. It is nearly 11,000 years old. There are carvings on the rock statues, mainly of lions, foxes, snakes, cranes and wild ducks, as well as scenes of people hunting. Because heavy snow makes it hard to get to the top of the hill, visitors

3、are not recommended to go there in winters.White Temple, ThailandImmediately upon entering White Temple, you will realize this contemporary, unconventional temple stands out, even in a country dotted with temples. The White Temple is incredibly different and unique in its architecture, art and desig

4、n. In fact, it is designed in a very modern way. This temple is all white. It is very hot in summer in Thailand, so going to White Temple in other three seasons is a wise choice.Sagrada Familia, SpainThis symbolic Barcelona building is famously unfinished. It is said to be finished by 2026, but no b

5、ody believes it. However, visitors believe its incompleteness is part of its charm, which sets it apart from other temples in the world. You will have to wait in a long line if you visit Sagrada Familia in summer holiday. Visitors are not that many in spring and winter.Kinkaku-ji, JapanThis temple i

6、s absolutely the most popular one in Japan. Whether you visit during the fall when there are red leaves against the golden wall, in winter when the gold is topped with pure white snow, in spring with cherry blossoms, or in summer allowing you to smell the earthy smell after rain there is never a bad

7、 time to visit this beautiful temple.1Which temple will you choose to go if you are a fan of modern architecture?AGobekli Tepe. BWhite Temple.CSagrada Familia. DKinkaku-ji.2What makes Sagrada Familia special according to the passage?AIt is unfinished. BIt is all white.CIt is the oldest temple. DIt i

8、s untraditional.3Which temple is favorable to go all year round?Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD ad Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers. Their ways are pretty clever. When there are new users or conservative old users

9、, they will give a quite appealing price to attract them into registering and buying goods. However, their big data is not that friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service. How does this happen? According to the data

10、 analysis, the system knows clearly that although they feel the price is high, they will finally pay the bill. By collecting and analyzing users profiles, buying habits and other information, big data recommends the same products to different users with different prices.Companies also try other ways

11、 to make money, making online consumption far more worrying. For example, video websites always offer 120 seconds advertisements, which drives people crazy. And even if you pay for the membership to get rid of the ads, you have to “enjoy” 15-second “private” ads. By broadcasting them, companies make

12、 huge profits - second to the membership fees. Also, owning 100Mbps network, you still put up with the slow speed when you are downloading a song. You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services. Users seem to be lambs（羊羔） among wolves. Even though they say,” Since you hav

13、e money, Ill charge you more”, we cant do anything about it.It pains us that we havent figured out a way to deal with the problem. The only thing we can do is replacing our iPhones with Android phones if we want to buy a membership card, and applying for new accounts if we want cheaper hotels. Not f

14、inding a way to fight back, we cant do anything but accept them passively.4How does big data serve companies according to the text?ABy being kind to all users.BBy giving a discount to stable users.CBy attracting new users by analyzing their shopping habits.DBy recommending the same products with hig

15、her prices to regular users.5What do we know from the third paragraph?AMembership can rid you of all the ads.BOnly by being a VIP can you get a better service.CThe slow download speed is due to your poor network.DAdvertising income is the biggest income for video websites.6What is the author attitud

16、e towards the chances of finding a way to fight back?AUncertain. BCasual.CNegative. DPositive.7What is the main idea of the text?AThe big data provides helpful information to users.BWe have to accept online consumption as it is.CThere exist many online consumption traps.DRegular customers are richer

17、.Antarctica（南极洲）s melting ice, which has caused global sea levels to rise by at least 13.8 millimeters over the past 40 years, was thought to primarily come from the unstable West Antarctic Ice Sheet（WAIS）. Now, scientists have found that the East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）considered largely unaffec

18、ted by climate changemay also be melting at an unexpectedly rapid speed.The WAIS, whose base is below sea level, has long been considered the most likely to break down. Besides gravity, a deep current of warm water slips beneath the sheet, melting it from below until it becomes a floating shelf at r

19、isk of breaking away. In contrast, extreme cold and a base mostly above sea level are thought to keep the EAIS relatively safe from warm waters.But as greenhouse gases warm much of the planet, driving stronger polar winds, some scientists think warm water carried by a circular current will start to

20、invade East Antarcticas once unassailable ice. A cooperation of more than 60 scientists last year, published in Nature, estimated that the EAIS actually added about 5 billion tons of ice each year from 1992 to 2017.Eric Rignot of the University of California, Irvine, and colleagues combined 40 years

21、 of satellite imagery and climate modeling and found that overall Antarctica now sends six times more ice into the sea each year than it did in 1979, with the majority coming from West Antarctica. But East Antarctica was responsible for more than 30% of Antarcticas contribution to the 13.8-millimete

22、r sea level rise over the past 40 years. “The more we look at this system the more we realize this is fragile,” Rignot says. “Once these glaciers become unstable there is no red button to press to stop it.”Rignot hopes the study brings greater attention to a part of Antarctica that has traditionally

23、 been understudied. Helen Fricker, a glaciologist （冰川学家） in California, agrees. “We need to monitor the entire Antarctica and we just cant do that without international cooperation.”8What is the new finding of scientists?AThe east Antarctica is losing ice at an increasing rate.BThe west Antarctica i

24、s melting six times faster than in 1979.C5 billion tons of ice is added to Antarctica each year.DThe sea level has risen by 13.8 mm over the past 40 years.9Which factor leads to the EAISs melting fast?AA base mostly over sea level. BThe force of gravity.CThe invasion of a warm current. DExtremely lo

25、w temperature.10Which of the following best explains “unassailable” underlined in Para. 3 ?AFragile. BUnattackable.CMild. DUnstable.11Which way does Helen Fricker specially advocate?ASatellite imagery. BGlobal monitoring.CWorldwide climate modeling. DWorldwide combined efforts.Modern lifestyles are

26、generally quite different from those of our hunter-gatherer ancestors, a fact that some claim as the cause of the current rise in global obesity, but new results published July 25 in the open access journal PLOS ONE find that there is no difference between the energy expenditure（耗费） of modern hunter

27、-gatherers and Westerners, casting doubt on this theory.The research team behind the study, led by Herman Pontzer of Hunter College in New York City, along with David Raichlen of the University of Arizona and Brian M. Wood of Stanford measured daily energy expenditure among the Hadza, a population o

28、f traditional hunter-gatherers living in the open Savannah of northern Tanzania. Despite spending their days hiking long distances to seek for wild plants and game, the Hadza burned no more calories each day than adults in the U.S. and Europe. The team ran several analyses accounting for the effects

29、 of body weight, body fat percentage, age, and gender. In all analyses, daily energy expenditure among the Hadza hunter-gatherers was indistinguishable（难以区分的） from that of Westerners. The study was the first to measure energy expenditure in hunter-gatherers directly; previous studies had relied enti

30、rely on estimates.These findings overturn the long-held assumption that our hunter-gatherer ancestors expended more energy than modern populations, and challenge the view that obesity in Western populations results from decreased energy expenditure. Instead, the similarity in daily energy expenditur

31、e across a broad range of lifestyles suggests that habitual metabolic（新陈代谢的） rates are relatively constant among human populations. This in turn supports the view that the current rise in obesity is due to increased food consumption, not decreased energy expenditure. It means we have more to learn about human physiology（生理学） and health, particularly in non-Western settings.These results highlight the complexity of energy expenditure. Its not simply a function of physical activity, says Pontzer.” Our metabolic rates may be more a reflection of our shared evolution