一般功能词汇Word格式.docx

1、词汇讲解：due to“由于，因造成”，引导的短语在句中除可作状语（此时不用于句首）外，也可作表语或定语。due to后面不能接句子。用法：例句 However, due to the stress from work, they can eat some extracted nutrition pills such as GNC series products to make up for losses of not cooking food.对应托福话题 People will spend less time on cooking food.练习：（ ） the heavy pressur

2、e from work, young people hardly have time to go back home and talk with the seniors. Some people just send enough money to them but seldom talk with them. During several decades, we have seen a obvious change （ ） globalization.A group of highly intelligent and creative humans from New Mexico Chaco

3、Canyon, vanished （ ） a severe drought.（2）表示因此therefore/ hence/ thus/ as a consequence/ as a result, consequently/ so thattherefore表示因此，可用在句首和句中都可以例句 Therefore, young people should experience a variety of jobs to identify the job that most suits them. 对应托福话题 Young people should take different kinds o

4、f jobs before they take a career in a long term.（ ）, basic aesthetic knowledge is indispensible for every person to be taught since he or she is young. （ ）, parents should understand this and let their children learn what they are interested.Modern life is more and more complex and （ ），it is essenti

5、al for young people to have the ability to plan and organize.（3）表示导致产生lead to/ result in/ be responsible for/ give rise to/ cause/ generatelead to:这个短语有两种解释，一是“通往、通向”：The path led to that village.第二种解释是“导致”：The leadership of my college closes their eyes to waste of water and electricity, leading the

6、 resources shortage.例句 Therefore, better environment will lead to a profound effect on the development of our country.对应托福话题 Improving schools is the most factor in successful development of country.What is worse, Authorizing children money will also （ ） disharmony in a family.For another, some coun

7、tries waste much money on preserve the national traditional arts, which can （ ） lay a heavy financial burden on the arts.Also, the perfect visual effect on screen, to some extent, can （ ） rise on the rate of TV programs.（4）表示转折however/ but/yet/nonetheless/neverthelesshowever:意为“可是，然而，尽管”，较 but 的意味弱，

8、通常用作连接性状语。其位置可以在句首，句末或插入句中。当其被用来对照两个分句时，中间需要有一个逗号；当它被用作句子的插入语时，则前后应各有一个逗号。例句 However, even though parents can help children get through the temporary situations at present, children still have to meet more challenging task in the future study and work.对应托福话题 Parents should allow children to make the

9、ir own choices rather than determine their childrens future for them.（ ）, parents and educators are having different opinions about whether television advertising to young children should be allowed or not. （ ）, as long as parents filtered the negative advertisements in advance, the problem can be a

10、ddressed. （ ）, other social institutions, large corporations and accomplished alumni can shoulder the duty to reward the society by donating money to universities, where the stirring ideas for civilization and human progress come from.（5）表示让步although/though/even though/despite/despite the fact that/

11、 in spite ofdespite：意思是尽管，是介词，不是连词，所以不能用来引导句子，若其后要跟 that 从句，需插入 the fact例句 However, we should concede that despite the fact that there are many merits for children not to study art or music, overextended highlighting its good aspects will be indeed counterproductive, even harmful.对应托福话题 Younger scho

12、ol children （ages five to ten） should be required to study art and music in addition to math, science, history and language.（ ） the clear need for additional gallery and storage space, however, the museum has no plan, no plan to break out of its envelope in the next fifteen years.In conclusion, desp

13、ite enormous indifference existing in the current society, we should enhance the communication among neighborhood because we can obtain many benefits from it. So much do those people in contemporary society pay attention to their appearance that they even pursuit them （ ） how costly they may be.第二类:

14、事物数量（1）表示很多a large/significant/vast number of/numerous/ a great/significant deal （amount） of/plenty ofa large/significant/vast number of/numerous接可数名词，表示很多个，a great/significant deal （amount） of/plenty of接不可数名词，表示很多，大量例句 Nowadays technology has simplified the procedure of a large number of tasks and

15、operations.对应托福话题 Technology has made children less creative than they were in the past.Personally speaking, I still stick to the idea that home cooking is becoming a lost art in （ ） households.The spokes-character, “Im loving it” with the colored figure left children deep impression while memorizin

16、g （ ） basic food names like sandwiches, chicken, breakfast, salads, beverages, desserts and cafe etc.To conclude, although universities need more budgets to do build campuses, remodel laboratories and refill libraries, （ ） social organizations, companies and individuals can raise fund for them.（2）表示

17、很少very little/ very few/ so little/ so few/ small quantity of little指的是几乎没有，接不可数名词，而a little表示有一点儿的意思。few有类似用法例句 Once beyond a certain threshold, money has little or no effect on happiness. Many wealthy people have experienced this and are not happier any more In fact, some wealthy people are comple

18、tely unhappy.对应托福话题 Most business people are motivated only by the desire for more money.（ ） people will use printed books since it is heavy, difficult to look up, easy to be out of date. In twenty years, there will be （ ） cars in use than there are today? People would be happier with （ ） possession

19、s.（3）表示各种各样diverse/ various/ unlike/ dissimilar/ distinctdiverse: 表示多样性的，各种不同属性的，名词形式diversity例句 Moreover, for some people whose majors are general sciences, such as chemistry, physics and so forth, which means it is hard for them to select a clear-cut career, trying diverse jobs is not a rational o

20、ption as well.对应托福话题 Young people should try several different jobs before they take a long term career.The children obtain （ ） messages from the world of rapid development, they are curious about anything and they want to try new things. We are living in a colorful world which is full of （ ） people

21、.Although such opinion holds one or two minor advantages, yet, to my point of view, the merits of using （ ） means to improve health care still far outweigh those of focusing on cleaning the environment.（4）表示相同的identical/indistinguishable/same/ similar例句 As people all over a country all have the iden

22、tical culture atmosphere, they share the same way of how to look at something and evaluate something.对应托福话题 People can benefit more from travelling in their own country than travelling in foreign countries.（5）表示充足的adequate /enough/ sufficient/ample/generous/ extensiveadequate: 足够的，指数量多，适合须要的数量例句 We

23、human being all are equal since we were born and no doubt we share all the same rights and treatment with adequate dignity.对应托福话题 One should never judge a person by external appearances.Comments from newspapers are more comprehensive and insightful, which could be truly understood. Unless the live r

24、eport on television, commenter and news writer of newspapers are provided （ ） time to write high-quality comments with shrewd observation and calm thinking. However, as the competition aroused, today one has to struggle to find an （ ） job for himself in order to meet the basic needs of the family, n

25、ot to mention the efforts to achieve extra success.（6）表示不足的lack/insufficient/inadequatelack：做动词的时候lack是及物动词，后面不能跟介词。lack另外的一个正确用法是它还可以用作名词，这时候名词后面必须跟lack of例句 Due to the problems of the children always follow their parents direction, an increasing number of young adults are suffering a defect lack o

26、f capability to make their own choice, in an other words, insufficient creativity and independence will result in students somehow depend their parents in future life and lose the ability to live on their own .对应托福话题 Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older （s

27、ay 15-18 year-old） teenage children.Her behavior indicated that she had a （ ） of sense of confidence and safety, which resulted from the divorce of their parents.Additionally, there are countless business profits inside media, which could also cause the （ ） of truth in newspapers or magazines.第三类: 变

28、化（1）表示增加boost increase/rise/mushroom/skyrocketboost: 表示提高，提升，但是有迅速提高的含义，课用于数量的提高或者抽象意义比如职业生涯的提高例句 Enabling children to make own decisions can boost the enthusiasm to study.Being taught how to manage money at a young age will （ ） their careerMost important, all the factors should be taken into consid

29、eration and cooperated with each other; only in this way can we （ ） the quality of the education. （2）表示减少decrease/dwindle/ reduce /cut / trim/slash/ depletedecrease:做不及物动词使用时常用结构为，名词+decrease， 常用的名词有temperature, pressure, price, rate, efficiency, volume等。短语decrease to表示“减少到”。decrease做及物动词使用时常用结构为dec

30、rease+名词, 后面常用的搭配词有number, amount, rate, speed, pressure, concentration, capacity, power等。例句 This is the best chance for children had parents to decrease the generation gap.对应托福话题 Is it important for families to regularly eat their meals together?第四类:事物/事件属性（1）表示重要的significant, crucial，essential, vital, integral, fundamental, basic, high priority搭配：be of significance to,