Attribute perceptions as factors explaining Mobile Internet acceptance of cellular customers in GermWord格式.docx

1、Purchase$ 37.95227The UK transport carbon model: An integrated life cycle approach to explore low carbon futuresEnergy Policy, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 9 September 2010Christian Brand, Martino Tran, Jillian AnableClose previewAbstractAbstract | Figures/TablesFigures/Tables | Refer

2、encesReferences AbstractCurrent debate focuses on the need for the transport sector to contribute to more ambitious carbon emission reduction targets. In the UK, various macro-economic and energy system wide, top-down models are used to explore the potential for energy demand and carbon emissions re

3、duction in the transport sector. These models can lack the bottom-up, sectoral detail needed to simulate the effects of integrated demand and supply-side policy strategies to reduce emissions. Bridging the gap between short-term forecasting and long-term scenario “models”, this paper introduces a ne

4、wly developed strategic transport, energy, emissions and environmental impacts model, the UK Transport Carbon Model （UKTCM）. The UKTCM covers the range of transportenergyenvironment issues from socio-economic and policy influences on energy demand reduction through to life cycle carbon emissions and

5、 external costs. The model is demonstrated in this paper by presenting the results of three single policies and one policy package scenario. Limitations of the model are also discussed. Developed under the auspices of the UK Energy Research Centre （UKERC） the UKTCM can be used to develop transport p

6、olicy scenarios that explore the full range of technological, fiscal, regulatory and behavioural change policy interventions to meet UK climate change and energy security goals.Article Outline1. Introduction2. Background 2.1. Carbon pathways2.2. Strategic modelling of the transportenergyenvironment

7、system3. Model design and methods 3.1. Model overview and architecture3.2. Transport demand model 3.2.1. Approach3.2.2. Overview of model specification3.2.3. Demand model calibration3.3. Vehicle stock model （VSM） 3.3.1. Approach3.3.2. Model specification: focus on vehicle technology choice3.4. Direc

8、t energy and emissions model （DEEM） 3.4.1. Approach3.4.2. Model specification, data sources and calibration3.5. Life cycle and environmental impacts model （LCEIM） 3.5.1. Approach3.5.2. Model specification and data sources4. A reference scenario for comparison 4.1. Approach4.2. Key data sources and a

9、ssumptions4.3. Reference scenario results5. Alternative scenarios 5.1. Policy description and assumptions5.2. Main results6. ConclusionsAcknowledgementsReferences$ 19.95Research highlightsNew strategic transport, energy, emissions and environmental impacts model. Tool to develop and analyse full con

10、sequences of multiple scenarios of transport policy packages. Novel approach to modelling demand for new vehicles by market and technology. Model available for use by research community via http:/www.ukerc.ac.uk/support/tiki-index.php?page=UK+Transport+Carbon+Model.228Knowledge transfer in MNCs: Exa

11、mining how intrinsic motivations and knowledge sourcing impact individual centrality and performanceJournal of International Management, Volume 15, Issue 1, March 2009, Pages 15-31Robin Teigland, Molly WaskoStudies investigating individual performance in knowledge-intensive work are finding that ind

12、ividual performance is a result, to some degree, of obtaining the right information to solve novel, challenging problems. Yet we know little about the role that the individual plays in the knowledge processes in multinationals and the relationship between individual knowledge sourcing activities and

13、 performance. Our expectation is that successful knowledge transfer will be based on an individuals intrinsic motivation, access to knowledge from explicit or tacit knowledge sources within and across firm boundaries, and position in the overall advice network of the multinational corporation. Using

14、 survey and social network data collected in one multinational consulting firm, we investigated the knowledge sourcing activities and informal advice networks for 1439 of the entire 1698 individuals in one multinational spread across 28 offices （84.7% response rate）. Through hierarchical regression

15、analysis we find that 1） intrinsic motivations are strongly related to creativity and efficiency and 2） MNCs should support individual level activities that include not only the use of internal knowledge sources but also the use of external knowledge sources. Research results also suggest that 3） th

16、ere are different patterns of knowledge sourcing activities based on whether efficient or creative performance is the goal and 4） these differ significantly depending upon the functional group to which the individual belongs. Implications for theories of the knowledge-based view of the multinational

17、 corporation and practical implications for managers are discussed.2. Theoretical foundation 2.1. Intrinsic motivations, centrality and performance2.2. Internal explicit knowledge transfer and performance2.3. External explicit knowledge transfer and performance2.4. Internal tacit knowledge integrati

18、on and performance2.5. External tacit knowledge integration and performance2.6. Centrality and performance2.7. Differences across functions3. Methods 3.1. Research setting and data collection3.2. Survey items and measures 3.2.1. Intrinsic motivations3.2.2. Centrality in the MNCs advice network3.2.3.

19、 Individual performance3.2.4. Business function3.2.5. Control variables4. Analyses and results 4.1. Assessment of the measurement model4.2. Correlations and descriptive statistics4.3. Analyses5. Results6. Discussion and implications 6.1. Practical implications 6.1.1. Knowledge-based view of the mult

20、inational firm6.1.2. Knowledge “leakage” and firm performance7. Concluding remarks$ 31.50229Identifying strengths and weaknesses of landscape visualisation for effective communication of future alternativesLandscape and Urban Planning, Volume 100, Issue 3, 15 April 2011, Pages 231-241Christopher J.

21、Pettit, Christopher M. Raymond, Brett A. Bryan, Hayden LewisVisualisation technologies are powerful tools for communicating the scientific outcomes of environmental planning models. This study specifically explores the strengths and weaknesses of landscape visualisation techniques in environmental p

22、lanning by drawing upon insights from the multi-agency Lower Murray Landscape Futures （LMLF） integrated modelling and analysis project in south-eastern Australia. The project explored spatially explicit policy options and scenarios for assessing the impacts of achieving regional natural resource man

23、agement targets. Alternative landscape futures were communicated using a range of visualisation techniques available online. We assessed the strengths and weaknesses of the suite of visualisation products deployed for communicating landscape futures to two audiences （i） current users comprising envi

24、ronmental managers and planners working within the study area and （ii） future users comprising university students currently studying spatial information sciences as part of their environmental management program. Semi-structured interviews and website evaluation surveys were undertaken with current

25、 users and future users, respectively. Results indicate that both audiences appreciated the environmental planning and investment decision support strengths of the visualisation products. The current users had concerns around the target audience and the nature and extent of communications and stakeh

26、older engagement in product development. The future user group were more interested in the visual clarity of the visualisation products. End user feedback provided a number of useful recommendations in relation to how the visualisation products could be refined to improve the communication effective

27、ness and end user experience. We conclude by presenting a number of future directions for landscape visualisation science and communication of environmental modelling outcomes.2. Methodology 2.1. Landscape modelling2.2. Visualisation methods2.3. Evaluation methods 2.3.1. Current users2.3.2. Future u

28、sers3. Results 3.1. Current users 3.1.1. Strengths and weaknesses3.1.2. Future directions3.2. Future users 3.2.1. Strengths and weaknesses3.2.2. Future directions4. Discussion 4.1. Visualisation for communicating environmental planning4.2. Embedding visualisation into the environmental decision-making process4.3. Limitations 4.3.1. Landscape visualisation approach4.3.2. Evaluation5. ConclusionsVitae$ 41.95 Results from our end user evaluation suggest that visualisation tools have an important role in raising knowledge and awareness of future landscape scenario