1、office.adj.精神紧张的(事情正在发生)worried:(为以后的事情)担心upset:不安的(事情发生以后)Hedidnotlookupfromdeskentered.Look up 原意“查字典” 但在这里不是哦up:朝上看down:朝下看downupon/onsb:瞧不起某人(贬义词)Afterhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasbad.thefirmcouldaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.v.负担得起 注意:一定要加情态动词cansth: Icanbook.money/time:fiveyuan.dobuysalary 工
2、资 wage如此:so suchso的后面加形容词或副词 so prettysuch的后面加名词,允许在该名词前加修饰词such a pretty girl Twentypeoplealreadyleft. Iknewmyturncome.Myhascome.(书面语)Itsturn.(口语)Turn 复习回顾下:Turn(lesson 11)vt.& vi.使转动;旋转;使改变方向;使变为;n.翻转;(路线或方向的)改变;机会;关于turn的词组in turn 轮流,依次 turn off 关掉,关闭;拐弯,使转变方向turn on 打开,发动turn up 出现;发生;开大;发现;卷起;使
3、仰卧turn down 拒绝;向下turn into v. 变成;进入 turn out 生产;结果是;关掉;出动;驱逐 turn over 移交给;翻阅;把翻过来;发动;营业额达到;反复考虑 turn left v. 向左转 turn right v. 向右转 turn around 船只留港 turn in 交上;归还;拐入;告发;口上床睡觉 turn back 往回走;阻挡;翻回到 turn out to be 结果是;原来是 turn from 对感到厌恶 your turn 轮到你;该你了 turn away 避开;解雇;不准入内;走开;转过脸 turn round 转身,转向;归航
4、;回车道;转变 by turns 轮流;交替MrHarmsworth.inaweakvoice. .voiceloud/low/weak/stronglow:音量低;weak:心里不塌实,虚弱的 ill sick三个词都有形容词词性。weak意思是虚弱的sick,生病的。既可做表语又可做定语,如The man is sick(表语),the sick man (定语)ill,生病的。只能做表语,如The man is ill,而不能说the ill man .当做定语时,可用the sick man ,而不能用the ill man.Dontinterrupt. hesaid.interrup
5、tv.插话,打断n.interruptiondisturb打扰某人打断某人的话Thenhesmiledandreceiveanextrathousandpoundsyear!extra 额外的extra, other, more, another最灵活的是moremore可以放在数词和名词之间,甚至可以放在整个名词的后面five more apples Five apples moreextra和other一定放在数词和名词之间,another一定放在数词前面Extra/otherpounds Another five记住几个短语:onethousand; twoothers; oncemor
6、e; anotherthreedayspounds 英镑 baht 泰国铢 ng 越南盾 euro 欧元 pound 英镑 won 韩元 yen 日元$ dollar 美元 Lesson15语法直接引语变间接引语I.概念:引述或转述别人的话称为“引语”。直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号“”标出,叫做直接引语;用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号这叫做间接引语,实际上间接引语大都是宾语从句(其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外,其转换后是不定式)。那么直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句,转换为间接引语时,句子的a结构,b人称、c时态、d时间状语和地点状语等都要有变化,如何变化呢?II.结构
7、变化主句动词的变化一般说来,主句谓语动词常为said或saidto,变为间接引语时,当直接引语是陈述句时,said变为said(that),而saidsb.则变为toldsb.。当直接引语是一般疑问句,则要变为asked/askedsb.+ifwhether当直接引语是特殊疑问句,要变为askedwhat等特殊疑问词引导的句子。例如:Blacksaid,“Imbusy.”busy.llgoyourfarmtomorrow,”her.Hehernextday.“Areyouready?”(us)wewereready.“Whatwantdo?whatwanteddo.III.从句人称的变化由直接
8、引语变间接引语时,从句的主语人称要遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。1 直接引语的主语是第一人称变为间接引语时要和主句的主语保持一致。2 如果直接引语的主语是第二人称变为间接引语时要与主句的宾语保持一致。如果直接引语的主语是第三人称变为间接引语时,人称不变。1 They“Wewilltherebybus.”Theytheybus.2 Sheme,interestedscience?Shescience.3 Hismother“Hecanschool.”Hiscouldnschool.IV.从句动词时态的变化1.直接引语变为间接引语时,如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时,则间接引语从句的时
9、态保持不变。says,“Ihavefinishedhomework.”sayshomeworksay,ittomorrow.”saysheday.2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,从句的时态则应是与主句时态相应的过去时态。一般现在时一般过去时;一般过去时过去完成时;现在进行时过去进行时;现在完成时过去完成时;一般将来时过去将来时;过去完成时过去完成时(不变);过去进行时过去进行时(不变)。例如:girlsorryforbeinglate.”Theshelate.amwritingletter.”letter.3.直接引语如果是客观事实或真理,变为间接引语时,从句时态不变。teacher“Thee
10、arthmovesaroundsun.”sun.练习:将下列句子由直接引语变为间接引语。1、He,“Mother,boyisnaughty.”2、Heleftbookroom.”3、Kitty“Illcallagainaftersupperthisevening.”4、Shecomeheretonight.”5、Hearrivedyesterdaymorning.”6、She“Mysisterbebacktomorrow7、“Thechildrenbetterbedearly,”said.8、Helostumbrella.”9、Paul“Imtryinggettaxi.”10.11.daysa
11、go,butnow.”12.“Ihappyvisitfactory,”.13.“Hefewweekscameyesterday,”14.“Iveboughtnewcaryou,”me.15.“IjoinedLeague2000,”XiaoLi16.SheMary,sawyesterday.”II.每空一词:havingsupper,”_supper.“Iveseenfilm,”Ginafilm.homewithsister,”sister.4.sunbiggerthanmoon.”moon.5.metday_.6.“Youmustbeforefive,”putertwoago,”8.sithe
12、re,Jim.”Jim9.foundwallet.”_wallet.tookme.”her.16A polite requestrequestn.要求;需要;所请求的事物;申请书;vt.(下级对上级的)请求;请求得到;索取;邀请常接不定式或从句;Ifparkwrongplace,trafficpolicemanwill soonfindit.v.停放(汽车) parkingarea停车场noparking:禁止停车(标志)n.交通police交通警lights交通灯lights=crossing/turning:十字路口(听力中常考)(in)jam交通堵塞heave交通拥挤find look
13、for find out一定会作复数看待Youluckyletswithouta ticket. 没有 Lucky 幸运地allow & letallow sb. to do sth. (较为正式)sb. is allowed to do sth.let sb. do sth. (通常不用于被动语态)我们不允许大家在教室里吸烟。We dont allow people to smoke in the classroom.我会让你用我的字典的。I will let you use my dictionary. Compare: 1) Please allow me to buy you a dr
14、ink. 请让我给你买一杯酒。(听起来显得客气,庄重)1) Let me buy you a drink. 让我来给你买一杯酒。(听起来更亲切,随便)However,doesalwayshappen.However & but 1. however作副词用时,表示“然而;但是”,可以位于句首、句中和句末;位于句首时,要用逗号与句子其它部分隔开;位于句中时,其前后都要用逗号;位于句末时其前用逗号分开。 She felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了。然而她照旧去上班,并且尽力集中精神工作。2. howe
15、ver与but 两者都做“但是,然而”讲,做连词使用,而且都引出并列句。从语义上看,but所表示的是非常明显的对比,转折的意味较强。从语序上看,but总是位于所引出的分句之首,而however却可位于句首、句中和句末,同时从标点符号上看,but之后一般不得使用逗号,而however则必须用逗号与句子其它部分分开。 I thought those figures were correct. However, I have recently heard they were not. 我原以为那些数字正确无误,不过我最近听说并不正确。Happen 发生 take place发生 1). take p
16、lace 表示“发生、举行、举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排,例如:The Olympic Games of 2008 will take place in Beijing. (2) .happen作“发生、碰巧”解,一般用于偶然或突发性事件,例如:What happened to you? (一般不说:What did you happen?) happen to 碰巧基本句式为:1.sb.+ happen +to do 2.it +happen+ that I happened to see him on my way home. = It
17、happened that I saw him on my way home.Trafficare sometimespolite. DuringholidaySweden,this noteoncar, sir,welcomeourcity. This“no parking”area.noten.便条;纸钞 take/makenotes做笔记n.地段;场地(一块地方)enjoystayattention tooutstreetsigns.attention to 注意Thisonlyreminder.reminder n.提示(可以致人、也可指物)Remind: v.指示;提醒,表示使想起,或“记起,提醒”remind sb. to do. Remind sb. of sth. 我提醒他寄信。I reminded him to post the letter. 这张照片使我想起了他的父亲。This photo reminds me of his father. a requestlikethis,cannotfailobeyit!Receive accept 复习回顾下区别v.无视;忘记 ,失败fail+宾语 失败做某事doingsth在某些方面失败没有能够做某事swimacrossri
copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有
经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1