4级考前冲刺试题三Word下载.docx

1、The individual stories are familiar. The chemistry major tending bar. The classics major answering phones. The Italian studies major stocking shelves at Wal-Mart.Now evidence is emerging that the damage caused by the sour economy is more widespread than just a few careers led astray （偏离正轨地） or postp

2、oned. Even for college graduates the people who were most protected from the effects of recession the outlook is rather bleak （黯淡的）. Employment rates for new college graduates have fallen sharply in the last two years, as have starting salaries for those who can find work. Whats more, only half of t

3、he jobs landed by these new graduates even require a college degree, reviving debates about whether higher education is “worth it” after all. “I have friends with the same degree as me, from a worse school, but because of who they knew or when they happened to graduate, theyre in much better jobs,”

4、said Kyle Bishop, 23, a 2009 graduate of the University of Pittsburgh who has spent the last two years waiting tables, delivering beer, working at a bookstore and entering data. “Its more about luck than anything else.” The average starting salary for students graduating from four-year colleges in 2

5、009 and 2010 was $27,000, down from $30,000 for those who entered the work force in 2006 to 2008, according to a study released on Wednesday by the John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce Development at Rutgers University. That is a decline of 10 percent, even before taking inflation into account. Of

6、course, these are the lucky ones the graduates who found a job. Among the members of the class of 2010, just 56 percent had held at least one job by this spring, when the survey was conducted. That compares with 90 percent of graduates from the classes of 2006 and 2007. （Some have gone for further e

7、ducation or opted out of the labor force, while many are still trying very hard to get a job.） Even these figures understate the damage done to these workers careers. Many have taken jobs that do not make use of their skills; about only half of recent college graduates said that their first job requ

8、ired a college degree. The choice of major is quite important. Certain majors had better luck finding a job that required a college degree, according to an analysis by Andrew M. Sum, an economist at Northeastern University, of 2009 Labor Department data for college graduates under 25.Young graduates

9、 who majored in education and teaching or engineering were most likely to find a job requiring a college degree, while area studies majors those who majored in Latin American studies, for example and humanities majors were least likely to do so. Among all recent education graduates, 71.1 percent wer

10、e in jobs that required a college degree; of all area studies majors, the share was 44.7 percent.An analysis by The New York Times of Labor Department data about college graduates aged 25 to 34 found that the number of these workers employed in food service, restaurants and bars had risen 17 percent

11、 in 2009 from 2008, though the sample size was small. There were similar or bigger employment increases at gas stations and fuel dealers, food and alcohol stores, and taxi and limousine services. This may be a waste of a college degree, but it also displaces （使离开） the less-educated workers who would

12、 normally take these jobs.“The less schooling you had, the more likely you were to get thrown out of the labor market altogether,” said Mr. Sum, noting that unemployment rates for high school graduates and dropouts are always much higher than those for college graduates. “There is complete displacem

13、ent all the way down.”Meanwhile, college graduates are having trouble paying off student loan debt, which is at a median of $20,000 for graduates of classes 2006 to 2010.Mr. Bishop, the Pittsburgh graduate, said he is “terrified” of the effects his starter jobs might have on his ultimate career, whi

14、ch he hopes to be in publishing or writing. “It looks bad to have all these short-term jobs on your rsum, but you do have to pay the bills,” he said, adding that right now his student loan debt was over $70,000.Many graduates will probably take on more student debt. More than 60 percent of those who

15、 graduated in the last five years say they will need more formal education to be successful. “I knew there werent going to be many job prospects for me until I got my Ph.D.,” said Travis Patterson, 23, a 2010 graduate of California State University, Fullerton. He is working as an administrative assi

16、stant for a property management company and studying psychology in graduate school. While it may not have anything to do with his degree, “it helps pay my rent and tuition, and thats what matters.”Going back to school does offer the possibility of joining the labor force when the economy is better.

17、Unemployment rates are also generally lower for people with advanced schooling.Those who do not go back to school may be on a lower-paying trajectory （道路） for years. They start at a lower salary, and they may begin their careers with employers that pay less on average or have less room for growth. “

18、Their salary history follows them wherever they go,” said Carl Van Horn, a labor economist at Rutgers. “Its like a parrot on your shoulder, traveling with you everywhere, constantly telling you No, you cant make that much money. “ And while young people who have survived a tough job market may shy f

19、rom risks during their careers, the best way to nullify （抵消的影响） an unlucky graduation date is to change jobs when you can, says Till von Wachter, an economist at Columbia. “If you dont move within five years of graduating, for some reason you get stuck where you are,” Mr. von Wachter said. “By your

20、late 20s, youre often married, and have a family and have a house. You stop the active pattern of moving jobs.” 1. What do we know about college graduates in the present sour economy?A） They have a positive outlook for the future.B） They remain unaffected by the recession.C） Job prospects for them d

21、ont look good.D） Starting salaries for them have increased.2. According to Kyle Bishop, why can his friends have better jobs than him?A） They graduate at the right time. C） They have obtained higher degrees.B） They have working experience. D） They graduate from better schools.3. What did the study b

22、y the John J. Heldrich Center for Workforce Development reveal?A） Graduates starting working in 2010 got higher pay than those in 2006.B） Most of the recent college graduates were lucky enough to find a job.C） More graduates chose to get further education instead of taking a job.D） The starting sala

23、ry for new college graduates declined in recent years.4. Andrew M. Sums study found that in finding a job requiring a college degree, _.A） good luck was extremely necessary C） area studies majors had a big advantageB） the choice of major was quite important D） recent graduates were more likely to su

24、cceed5. According to the author, college graduates working in places like gas stations _.A） makes them more down-to-earth people C） may be a waste of their college degreesB） is good to the diversity of the work force D） motivates less-educated workers to improve6. How did Mr. Bishop see the short-te

25、rm jobs he took?A） They would definitely be the highlight of his resume.B） They might have negative effects on his ultimate career.C） They could land him a good job in publishing or writing.D） They were the only way to pay off his student loan debt.7. Travis Patterson chose to work as an administrat

26、ive assistant because the job _.A） offered excellent promotion prospectsB） paid him a relatively good starting salaryC） had much to do with his major psychologyD） helped pay his tuition in graduate school8. Those who do not go back to school may get lower pay and have less chance for _.9. Till von W

27、achter suggests young people _ so that an unlucky graduation date would lose its effect.10. According to Mr. von Wachter, if people dont change jobs within five years of graduating, they get _ in their low-paid position.Part III Listening Comprehension （35 minutes）Section A11. A） He has decided how

28、to spend his money.B） He wishes he could pay for his daily bills now.C） He has already saved enough money to travel around Africa.D） He has decided to save the money to pay his tuition next year.12. A） Buy the suit in cash. C） Pay in credit card.B） Buy the suit at no discount. D） Draw cash from the

29、account.13. A） The restaurant has been available since Christmas.B） She promises there will be a table available at 7:00C） She is not sure whether there is a table available at that time.D） Theyd wait to check if there is any table available on Christmas.14. A） Rock and roll music is her favorite.B）

30、 She does not enjoy classical music.C） She rarely listens to popular music.D） She is not interested in rock and roll music.15. A） He was absent from the class. C） He didnt work hard in the subject.B） The subject is difficult to pass. D） The professor gives poor lectures.16. A） He has his leg broken.

31、 C） He parts with his girlfriend.B） He wants to join the party. D） He gets along well with Cathy.17. A） French is easy to learn.B） The man should give up.C） The man should continue with his study.D） The man should talk with his French friends often.18. A） The woman should finish her paper first.B） They should not stop working on the paper.C） Hed like to postpone working on the paper.D） It wont take long to finish the paper