CHINESE CHRISTIANITY AND CHINA MISSIONS WORKS PUBLISHED SINCE 1970Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、Wm.Carey Library,1977）,is worth consulting as well.A recent collection focusing on the Chinese Christian church and issues of indigenization is Daniel H.Bays,ed.,Christianity and China,the Eighteenth Century to the Present:Essays in Religious and Social Change（Stanford,Calif.:Stanford Univ.Press,199

2、6）.More specific historical studies of merit are Alvyn J.Austin,Saving China:Canadian Missionaries in the Middle Kingdom,18881959（Toronto:Univ.of Toronto Press,1986）;George Hood,Mission Accomplished?The English Presbyterian Mission in Lingtung,South China:A Study of the Interplay Between Mission Met

3、hods and Their Historical Context（Frankfurt am Main:Verlag Peter Lang,1986）;Gerald F.DeJong,The Reformed Church in China,1842-1951（Grand Rapids,Mich.:Eerdmans,1992）;Herbert Hoi-Lap Ho,Protestant Missionary Publications in Modern China,1912-1949:A Study of Their Programs,Operations,and Trends（Hong Ko

4、ng:Chinese Church Research Center,1988）;Fernandos Mateos,S.J.,China Jesuits in East Asia:Starting from Zero,1949-1957（Taipei:n.p.,1995）;and Tien Ju-kang,Peaks of Faith:Protestant Missions in Revolutionary China（Leiden:E.J.Brill,1993）.In The Liberating Gospel in China:The Christian Faith Among Chinas

5、 Minority Peoples（Grand Rapids,Mich.:Baker,1995）,Ralph R.Covell argues that missionaries missed an opportunity in neglecting Chinas minorities,many of whom responded more positively to Christianity than did most Han Chinese.He employs a contextual approach to explain why some minorities were resista

6、nt while others enthusiastically embraced Christianity.Ellsworth C.Carlson,in The Foochow Missionaries,1847-1880（Cambridge:Harvard Univ.Press,1974）,discusses the expectations of American missionaries as they departed for China and their reactions to the Chinese and the Chinese environment;he also in

7、cludes detail on the poison scare of 1871 and the Wushishan Incident of 1878.Illustrated in Sidney A.Forsythe,An American Missionary Community in China,1895-1905（Cambridge:Harvard Univ.Press,1971）is the tendency for Protestant missionaries to congregate in the treaty ports in insulated Western encla

8、ves,a practice that is in many ways understandable but that has often been sharply criticized.Earthen Vessels:American Evangelicals and Foreign Missions,1880-1980,edited by Joel A.Carpenter and Wilbert R.Shenk（Grand Rapids,Mich.:Eerdmans,1990）,though not confined to China,is a welcome addition to mi

9、ssion literature.Until recently,evangelicals have shown little interest in historical or methodological studies,and it has sometimes been assumed that the era of expanding Protestant missions has passed.Though such may be true of the mainstream denominations,Earthen Vessels demonstrates that the sam

10、e is not true for evangelicals,who today constitute the great majority of American missionaries.See also Leonard Bolton,China Call:Miracles Among the Lis u People（Springfield,Mo.:Gospel Publishing House,1984）.Eric Widmer,in The Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Peking During the Eighteenth Century（C

11、ambridge:Harvard Univ.Press,1976）,offers information on a mission that has drawn little attention among Western scholars.On the Chinese Jews and Jesuit work among them,see Joseph Dehergne and Donald Leslie,Juifs de Chine a travers la correspondance inedite des Jesuites du dix-huitieme siecle（Rome an

12、d Paris:Bibliotheca Instituti Historici S.I.,1980）.A valuable collection of essays on relations between church and state in China is Li Chifang,ed.,Zhongguo jindai zheng jiao guanxi guoji xueshu yentaohui lunwenji（Proceedings of the first international symposium on church and state in China:Past and

13、 present）（Taipei:Danjiang University,1987）.Though most of the papers are in Chinese and essays on religions other than Christianity are included,several articles in English discuss relations between Christian missions and the Chinese government.Contribution of Women Missionaries A perceptive work on

14、 the contribution of women missionaries as educators,role models,and social service workers is Jane Hunter,The Gospel of Gentility:American Women Missionaries in Turn-of-the-Century China（New Haven:Yale Univ.Press,1984）.Although pioneer women missionaries were adventurous and even ambitious,few in t

15、he nineteenth century were feminists,and Hunter reveals the dilemmas experienced by missionary wives in their competing roles as mothers,householders and wives,and missionaries.Substantiating the importance of China missions for the vitality of the home churches are Valentine H.Rabe,The Home Base of

16、 American China Missions,1880-1920（Cambridge:Harvard Univ.Press,1978）;Lawrence D.Kessler,The Jiangyin Mission Station:An American Missionary Community in China,1895-1951（Chapel Hill:Univ.of North Carolina Press,1996）;and Herman Schlyter,Der China-Missionar Karl Gutzlaff und seine Heimatbasis（Lund:C.

17、W.K.Gleerup,1976）.Patricia R.Hill deals more specifically with the importance of the womens mission societies in The World Their Household:The American Womens Foreign Mission Movement and Cultural Transformation（Ann Arbor:Univ.of Michigan Press,1985）.Examining Mission Methodology In recent years mis

18、sion methodology has not drawn the attention that it did immediately after the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China and the exodus of most missionaries.Three works to be noted,however,are James D.Whitehead,Yuming Shaw,and N.J.Girardot,eds.,China and Christianity:Historical and Future Encou

19、nters（Notre Dame,Ind.:Univ.of Notre Dame Press,1979）,dealing primarily with Roman Catholic missions;Peter K.H.Lee,Confucian-Christian Encounters in Historical and Contemporary Perspective（Lewiston,N.Y.:Edwin Mellen Press,1991）,a collection of papers that includes contributions by theologians and cle

20、rics as well as secular scholars;and F.J.Verstraelen,ed.,Missiology:An Ecumenical Introduction（Grand Rapids,Mich.:Eerdmans,1995）,useful especially for the variety of perspectives presented.David C.E.Liao,The Unresponsive:Resistant or Neglected?The Hakka Chinese in Taiwan Illustrate a Common Missions

21、 Problem（Chicago:Moody Press,1972）;Dorothy A.Raber,Protestantism in Changing Taiwan:A Call to Creative Response（Pasadena,Calif.:Wm.Carey Library,1978）;and two works by Allen J.Swanson,Taiwan:Mainline Versus Independent Church Growth（Pasadena,Calif.:Wm.Carey Library,1970）and The Church in Taiwan,Prof

22、ile,1980:A Review of the Past,a Projection for the Future（Pasadena,Calif.:Win.Carey Library,1981）,all discuss the quandary of Protestant missionaries in Taiwan,where the membership of most churches has leveled off after a period of rapid growth during the 1950s and 1960s.Robert W.Hefner,ed.,Conversi

23、on to Christianity:Historical and Anthropological Perspectives on a Great Transformation（Berkeley:Univ.of California Press,1993）presents stimulating analyses of case studies from many mission fields,in which the complexity and diversity of the conversion process are illustrated.Though most of the co

24、ntributors do not adopt a relativist stance,they do insist on the crucial importance of the social context to conversion.Roman Catholic Missions Partly because of differences in the locales of resource materials and differences in the native languages of the missionaries and their writings,research

25、on Roman Catholic and on Protestant missions has generally been carried out separately.Opportunities for cross-fertilization and comparative studies have thereby been neglected.This situation is being remedied to some extent as the history of modern Roman Catholic missions is receiving greater atten

26、tion.I include here only a sample of recent works.The Catholic-Chinese encounter of the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries continues to attract writers;see John D.Young,East-West Synthesis:Matteo Ricci and Confucianism（Hong Kong:Hong Kong Univ.Press,1980）;Jonathan D.Spence,The Memory Palace of Matteo

27、 Ricci（New York:Viking Penguin,1984）;Matteo Ricci,S.J.,The True Meaning of the Lord of Heaven,trans.Douglas Lancashire and Peter Hu Kuo-chen,S.J.,ed.Edward J.Malatesta,S.J.（St.Louis,Mo.:Institute of Jesuit Sources,1985）;David E.Mungello,Curious Land:Jesuit Accommodation and the Origins of Sinology（Stuttgart:F.Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden,1985）;D.E.Mungello,ed.,The Chinese Rites Controversy:Its History and Meaning（Nettetal:Steyler Verlag,1994）;George Minimaki,The Rites Controversy,from Its Beginnings to Modern Times（Chicago:Loyola Univ.Press,1985）;Noel Golvers,The Astronomia Europaea of Ferdinan