349694608小学英语知识点归纳.docx

1、349694608小学英语知识点归纳小学英语知识点归纳1、话题(1) 字母：(大小)辨认、书写顺序 : Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz.元音字母：A a , Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu半元音字母: Yy书写容易错误的字母：E , F , G, M, N, d, i, p, q, x, y.(2) 数字：基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、购物等.基数词: One, two, three, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten , eleven,

2、 twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen twenty, twenty-one thirty, forty, fifty eighty, ninety, one/a hundred , one/a hundred and one two hundred.序数词: first , second , third , fourth , fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth twentieth, twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third, t

3、wenty-fourthirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth eightieth, ninetieth相关句型: 1) Whats thirty and forty? That comes to seventy.2) Whats your telephone number? My telephone number is 83555723.3) What time is it ? Its half past ten.4) When do you usually get up ? At six thirty-five.5) Where do you live? I live at

4、 No.48 Renmin Road.6) How old are you? Im twelve.7) How much does it cost? It costs 50 yuan.8) How many cars have you got? I have got 6 cars.9) How many birds can you see in the tree? I can see 3.10) How many dolls are there on the bed? There is one/a doll.11) How many dolls are there on the bed? Th

5、ere are four dolls.12) Which floor do you live on? I live on the fifth floor.13) Excuse me, can you tell me the way to Baiyun hotel?Yes, go down this street, then turn left at the third crossing.14) Whos the fifth girl from the right? Shes my cousin.注意： 数词的应用; 不可数名词及它的量的表示方法;many与much在用法上的区别;there i

6、s/are与have/has在用法上的区别.(3)颜色：实物的颜色colours: red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple, orange, black, white, grey, dark blue, light blue.相关句型: 1) What colour is your coat? Its .2) Whats your favourite colour? My favourite colour is (4)时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻year, season( spring, summer, autumn, winter) ,month:

7、 January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December.Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd ( May the second)Time: (an) hour, minute, second10:05 (five minutes past ten, ten o five)10:

8、10 (ten minutes past ten, ten ten)10:15 (quarter past ten, ten fifteen)10:30 (half past ten, ten thirty)10:45 (quarter to eleven, ten forty-five)11:00 (eleven oclock)相关句型: 1) How old is your mother? Shes thirty-six years old.2) How many months are there in a year? There are 12.3) Whens your birthday

9、? My birthday is on 15th January ( the fifteenth of January).4) When do you get up? I get up at six oclock.5) When does spring last? It lasts for 3 months from March to May. 6) What time is it? Its quarter to nine. (5)食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好;东西方食品food : meat, rice, fish, bread, egg, cake,drinks : water, mi

10、lk ,orange/apple/water melon/banana/strawberry juice ,coke, coffee, black/green tea相关句型: 1) Would you like something to drink/eat? Yes, Id like someNo, thanks .2) Would you like to eat/drink? Id like to eat/drinkNo, thanks .3) Whats your favourite food/drink? My favourite food/drink is 4) Could I ha

11、ve some? Yes, please .(6)服装：服装的颜色:人对服装的喜好;某人的穿戴;所属关系clothes: hat, cap, coat, shirt , T-shirt, skirt, dress, sweater, jacket, trousers, sock, shoeput on, wear所属关系: 形容词性的物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their名词性的物主代词: mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs相关句型: 1) What does it look like? It likes

12、 wearing a blue shirt.2) Whose shoes are these? Theyre mine.Theyre Toms .3) Is this /that/it your book? Yes, it is.No, it isnt.4) Is this pencil yours? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.5) Are these /those/they your coats and trousers?Yes, they are. No, they arent.6) Are those clothes theirs? Yes, they are.No

13、, they arent.7) This is my hat. That hat is his.注意： 名词单，复数;物主代词(名词性的物主代词，形容词性的物主代词);名词所有格，如：Toms , my fathers , the teachers.(7)玩具和文具：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置Toys: doll, toy文具: desk, book, bag ,pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, chair, ball存在的位置 : in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, in the front of , i

14、n the middle of, at the back of(a place/a person).相关句型: 1) There is a cup of tea on the table.2) There are some oranges in the fridge.3) Is there any milk in the glass? Yes, there is.No, there isnt.4) Are there any oranges in the fridges?Yes, there are. No, there arent.5) Whats under the desk?There

15、is an orange. / There are some oranges.(8)日常生活用品：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置words: shelf, table, clock, brush, telephone, light, computer, bike, fridge, glass, knife, keyboard, bottle, box, plate, photo, photograph, fax, radio, super-market,book store,noodles/cake/clothes/shoe/TV shop.特点: big, small, heavy, li

16、ght, white, black, empty, full, old, new, beautiful, cute, tall, short, strong, plump, nice, good, bad (9)动物：家畜、家禽;农场动物、动物园及野生动物的特点;生活地点和所属关系words(animals): cat, dog, duck, goose (geese) fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, chicken, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice),giraffe,dolph

17、in,生活地点：at home, in a farm, in a zoo 所属关系：同上话题(7)(10)植物：特点、所属关系;存在的位置words: tree, rose, flower, leaf(leaves) (11)环境与建筑：特点、所属关系;存在的位置buildings: factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank, police station, train station, sports stadium, department store, store, sch

18、ool, classroom, house: bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom, washroom,kitchen, garden房子的基本构造： door, gate, wall, window, floor相关句型: 1) Where do you study at ? I study at Longdong Primary School.2) Where does your mother work at ? She works at a hospital.3) Lets meet at the gate of the park.4)

19、 My brother is playing in the garden.(12)身体：特点body: head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, shoulder, hand, finger, foot (feet) ,toe外貌: fat, thin, plump , tall, short, old, young, round face, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair ,white hair相关句型: 1) Im /Youre /Hes/Shes /Were /Theyre

20、(not) tall.2) Is he/she tall or short? Hes /Shes tall (short).3) I/We/They/You have (got) black hair.4) He/She has ( got ) a round face.5) Has he/she got long hair ? Yes, he/she has.No, he/she hasnt.注意：描述人的外貌时，have与has用法上的区别; 形容词的用法，如 :tall, short, old, young, black , long(13)个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好age,

21、 year, address, e-mail address, hobby,hobby: collecting stamps(coins) , going swimming doing sth相关句型: 1) How old are you ? Im thirteen years old.2) Im a thirteen-year old boy.3) Whats your address? I live at No.48 Renmin road.4) Whats your e-mail address? My e-mail address is 123VIP.5) Whats your ho

22、bby? My hobby is going running.Or : I like going running.6) I /You/ They like music.7) He likes sightseeing.8) Do you like reading? Yes, I do. No, I dont.9) Does he /she like playing basketball?Yes, he/she does. No, he/she doesnt.注意： 描述个人的喜好时：名词和动词- ing 形式作宾语; 主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化。动词ing的变化规律： 1)直接加i

23、ng ，如： open-opening, clean-cleaning, meet-meeting, sing-singing, study-studying, 2) 去掉词尾不发音的e ，如：take-taking, close-closing, come-coming, drive-driving, have-having, use-using, write-writing, practice-practicing, 3) 重读闭音节的，双写最后的字母，加 ing , 如： sit-sitting, put-putting, begin-beginning , get-getting, s

24、wim-swimming, run-running, cut-cutting, become-becoming, 主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同)： 1) 直接加s， 如：cook-cooks, come-comes, close-closes,2)以o, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+es , 如: teach-teaches, go-goes, do-does, catch-catches, wash-washes, brush-brushes, miss-misses, 3) 辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i ，+es， 如：fly-flies, wor

25、ry-worries, carry-carries, 4) 以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es.5) 特殊：have-has, (14)家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好：与你的关系words: family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend相关句型: 1) Is he/she Toms cousin? Yes, he/she is.No, he/she isnt

26、.2) Whos he/she? Hes/Shes my friend.3) How many people are there in your family? Who are they?There are four, my father, my mother, my brother and me.注意： 1)名词单复数，如：family-families;名词单数-复数规律: 1) 直接加s， 如： boy-boys, term-terms,2)以o, x, s, sh, ch 结尾+es , 如: box-boxes, class-classes, glass-glasses, coach

27、-coaches, dress-dresses, fax-faxes, inch-inches, match-matches,3) 辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i ，+es， 如：baby-babies, lady-ladies, factory-factories, peach-peaches, library-libraries, watch-watches ,4) 以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es: leaf-leaves, knife-knives, wife-wives, shelf-shelves, 5) 特殊: man-men, policeman-policemen, w

28、oman-women, child-children, goose-geese, tooth-teeth, foot-feet,6) 不变: hair, milk, tea, coffee, water, bread, rice, paper, juice, meat, people, fish, sheep, 2) 名词所有格，表明是“谁的” 如： my cousins , his parents它的构成规则： 单数名词后+“ s”， Mikes mother.复数名词词尾有，其后只+“ ”，Teachers Da教师节.若是两人共有时，只在后者+ “s ”,Jim and Toms mot

29、her.吉姆和汤姆的母亲。不是两者所共有的，两者都+ “ s ”,Jims and Toms mother.吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。名词若是无生命，所有格构成用of,a map of China.一幅中国地图(15)学校：学校建筑和学校生活words: school building, classroom, dormitory, playground, librarysubjects: Chinese, maths , English, music, computer, PE, art, biology, politics , history, meeting, geography相关句型: 1

30、) Whats your favourite subject? English.2) Wheres the library? Its behind the dormitory.3) When do you go to school? At 7:20.4) When does Chinese begin on Monday? At Eight oclock.5) Does geography begin at twenty to ten on Monday?Yes, it does. No, it doesnt.6) Were having an English class.(16)社交礼仪：礼貌用语;询问与应答1.Greetings: Hello! Hi! Good morning/afternoon/evening.How are you ? Fine, thanks. And you?Please say hello to your parents for me.2. Introduction: My name is Im a pupil. Im new here.