四级冲刺笔记Word文档格式.docx

1、D） ensuring peoples psychological well-being同义替换：1、changing = removing2、unhealthy = bad3、behaviors = living habitsin terms of = when it comes to关于；当谈及的时候，就例2：No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom （limits on electricity usage, driving and travel） that mig

2、ht cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show theyre “doing something.” Consider the KyotoProtocol （京都议定书）. It allowed countries that joined to punish those that didnt. But it hasnt reduced CO2 emissions （up about 25% since 1990）, and many signatories （签字国） didnt adopttough enough to h

3、it their 2008-2012 targets.The author believes that, since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol, _.A） politicians have started to do something to better the situationB） few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy useC） reductions in energy consumption have greatly cut back global warmi

4、ngD） international cooperation has contributed to solving environmental problems1、signatories =nations2、didnt = few3、policies = measures4、to hit their 2008-2012 targets = limit energy usea little / a few少量little / few 否定例3：Scientists have devised a way to determine roughly where a person has lived u

5、sing a strand （缕） of hair, a technique that could help track of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.What is the scientistsnew discovery? A） Ones hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink. B） A persons hair may reveal where they have lived C） Hair analysis accurately iden

6、tifies criminal suspects.偷换概念（identify不等于trackthe movements）D） The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person. 1、determine=reveal2、where a person has lived=where they have lived3、roughly=may例4：Cerlings team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and a map of the regional differen

7、ces. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly corresponding to the movement of rain systems. What did Cerlings teamproduce in their research?A） A map showing the region

8、al differences of tap water. 1、showing=of2、produce =constructedB） A collection of hair samplesfrom various barber shops.（不符合题干要求）1、A collection of=collected2、65 =variousC） A method to measure the amount of water in human hair. D） A chart illustrating the movement of the rain system. D） Anyone taking

9、 its online courses is sure to get a degree.例5：The chief reason is that American schools dont tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of th

10、e universitys budget. “We didnt do any global consideration,” says Patricia Hayes, the boards chair. The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist（活动家）who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents:fund-raising.Fund-rai

11、sing is a distinctively American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrators?A） The political correctness.B） Their ability

12、to raise funds.C） Their fame in academic circles.D） Their administrative experience.2、个人观点Regular check-ups for men would inevitably place strain on the public purse, Cartmillsays. “But prevention is cheaperin the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost is far greater:

13、 it is called premature death.”What does Cartmillsay about regular check-ups for men?A） They may increase public expenses.B） They will save money in the long run.C） They may cause psychological strains on men.D） They will enable men to live as long as women.cheaper=save moneyDunnsays a lot of these

14、young people are never going to get out from under their credit card debt. “Many people are borrowing on credit cards so heavily that payoff rates at these levels are not sufficient to recover their credit carddebtby the end of their life, which could have loss implications for the credit cardissuin

15、g banks.”What does Lucia Dunnthink might be risk for the credit cardissuing banks?A） They go bankrupt as a result of over-lending.B） They lose large numbers of their regular clients.C） Their clients leave their debtsunpaidupon death.D） Their interest rates have to be reduced now and then.1、clients =

16、many people2、are not sufficient to recover their credit card = unpaid3、by the end of their life = upon death3、因果关系From 2003 to 2050, the worlds population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase. If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use a

17、nd greenhouse gas emissions （mainly, CO2） will be 42% higher in 2050. But thats too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy. We need economic growth unless we condemn the worlds poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone elses living standards. With modest growth, energy use a

18、nd greenhouse emissionsmore than doubleby 2050.Greenhouse emissions will more than doubleby 2050because of_.A） economic growthB） the widening gap between the rich and poorC） wasteful use of energyD） the rapid advances of science and technologyIf you are a male and you are reading this, congratulatio

19、ns: you are a survivor. According to statistics, you are more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, and nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you will die on average five years before a wom

20、an.There are many reasons for thistypically, men take more risks than women1 and are more likely to drink and smoke2but perhaps more importantly, men dont go to the doctor3.What does the author state is the most importantreasonmen die five years earlier on average than women?A） men drink and smoke m

21、uch more than women.（不符合题干要求，不是重要原因）B） men dont seek medical care as often as women.C） men arent as cautions as women in face of danger.D） men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.go to the doctor = seek medical careIn 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory record

22、er that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960.Early modelsoften failed to withstand crashes, however, soin 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear o

23、f the planethe area least subject to impactfrom its original position in the landing wells（起落架舱）. The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, （which were never actually black）, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Why was the black box redesignedin 1965?A） New mat

24、erials became available by that time.B） Too much space was needed for its installation.C） The early modelsoften got damaged in the crash.D） The early models didnt provide the needed data.failed to withstand=got damagedAs diners thirst for leading brands, bottlers and restaurateurs. A restaurants typ

25、ical mark-up on wine is 100 to 150 percent, whereas on bottled water its often 300 to 500 percent. But since water is much cheaper than wine, and many of the fancier brands arent available in stores, most diners dont notice or care.As a result, some restaurants are turning up the pressure to sell bo

26、ttled water. According to an article in The Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it.Why are some restauran

27、ts turning up the pressure to sell bottled water?A） Bottled water brings in huge profits.B） Competition from the wine industry is intense.C） Most diners find bottled water affordable.D） Bottled water satisfied diners desire to fashionable.brings in huge profits = salivate （垂涎） over the profitsIn 195

28、8, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the planethe area least subject to impactfrom its original position in the landingwells（起落架舱）. The same year, the Federal Aviation