1、Elliptical and short simple sentences generally increase the tempo and speed of the actions being described. Hence in a dramatic narration they serve to heighten tension and help create a sense of danger and urgency. For examples see the text, paragraphs 10-18 and 21-26.Lesson 2 Hiroshimathe “Liveli
2、est” City in Japan“Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its-oysters”. (anticlimax)as the fastest train in the world slipped to a stop.where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one seco
3、nd, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.At last this intermezzo came to an endBut later my hair began to fall out , and my belly turned to water .I felt sick ,and ever since then they have been testing and treating me .(alliteration)Each day that I escape de
4、ath, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others.Hiroshimathe “liveliest” city in JapanI felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid b
5、eige concrete skycrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated .(synecdoche)Was I not at the scene of the crime? (rhetorical question)Lesson 3 Blackma
6、ilMetaphor:.the nerves of both . were excessively frayed.his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.The words spat forth with sudden savagery.Her tone .withered.self-assurance.flickered.The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.Her voice was a whiplash.eyes bored into himIll spell it out.Eu
7、phemism:.and you took a lady friend.Metonymy:won 100 at the tableslost it at the bartheyll throw the book,.Onomatopoeia:appreciative chuckleclucked his tongueLesson 41) The trial that rocked the world (hyperbole)2) Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder (transferred epithet
8、)3) The case had erupted round my head (synecdoche)4) Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted (ridicule)5) and it is a mighty strong combination (sarcasm)6) until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century (irony)7) There is some doubt about that.(sarcasm)8) The Christian
9、 believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below(antithesis)9) His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world. (hyperbole)10) Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fanlike a sword to repel his enemies. (ridic
10、ule,simile)11) Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.(ridicule)12) Dudley Field Malene called my conviction a, victorious defeat. (oxymoron )第五课The many metaphors and similes in the essay are largely ap propritately used in describing the ugliness of Westmoreland County. For example, in para. 3 the
11、metaphor of comparing the houses there to pigs wallowing in the mud the metaphor in the same para. of comparing the patches of paint to dried up scales formed by a skin disease and the simile in para. 2 as shown in the sentence one blinks . shot away, the sim ile in the same para. as shown in the se
12、ntence a steel stadi um - the line, just to mention a few. Hyperboles are profusely used in the essay. They are mostly very effective in conveying what the author had to say.In para. 1, we read the sentence Here was wealth . alley cats, exaggerating the richness and grandeur of this region and of Am
13、erica as a whole, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth in para. 5 we read It is as if . of them, which implies exaggeratedly that it is as if some genius of great power, who didn t like to do the right things and who was an inflexible enemy of man, em ployed all
14、the cleverness and skill of hell to build these ugly houses;and again in para. 2 there is the sentence What al lude to in sight, which suggests an exaggeration that is hard to believe. Not every house could have been that ugly. Lesson 6 Mark Twain - Mirror of AmericaMark Twain - Mirror of Americasaw
15、 clearly ahead a black wall of night.main artery of transportation in the young nations heartAll would resurface in his books.that he soaked up.When railroads began drying up the demand.the epidemic of gold and silver fever.Twain began digging his way to regional fame.Mark Twain honed and experiment
16、ed with his new writing muscles.Most American remember M. T. as the father of.a memory that seemed phonographicHyperbole:.cruise through eternal boyhood and .endless summer of freedom.The cast of characters. - a cosmos.America laughed with him.Personification:.to literatures enduring gratitude.the g
17、rave world smiles as usual.Bitterness fed on the man.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.Antithesis:.between what people claim to be and what they really are.took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land.a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever a motley band of Confederate guerr
18、illas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.mens final release from earthly struggleAlliteration.the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home.with a dash and daring.a recklessness of cost or consequences.Metonymy.his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxeLesson 7 Everyday Use
19、for your grandmama“Maggies brain is like an elephants”. Wangero said ,laughing .(ironic)“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?”(simile)showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouseAfter I tripped over it two or three times he told me (metaph
20、or)And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe. (exaggeration)Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. (simile)Have you ever seen a lame animal, perhaps dog run over by some careless person rich enough to own a car ,sidle up to someon
21、e who is ignorant enough to be kind of him?(metaphor)I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out .(exaggeration)Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. (simile)It is like an extended living room
22、. (simile)Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. (simile)She gasped like a bee had stung her.(simile)Wangero said, sweet as a bird. (simile)Who ever knew a Johnson with a quick tongue? Who can even imagine me looking a strange white man in the eye?You didnt even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood .(metaphor)
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