中医英语课件整理Word文件下载.docx

1、六腑属阳，五脏属阴The six bowels are yang and the five viscera are yin.气属阳， 血属阴表、 实、热 证属阳，里、虚 、寒 属阴Exterior, excess and heat disease patterns are yang , while interior, deficiency and cold disease patterns are yin.阴阳互根 mutual rooting of yin and yang阳根于阴， 阴根于阳Yang has its root in yin; yin has its root in yang

2、.阴损及阳Detriment to yin affects yang阳损及阴Detriment to yang affects yin.肝阳上亢Ascendant hyperactivity of liver yang阳胜则阴病， 阴胜则阳病；If yang abounds, yin ails and if yin abounds, yang ails.阳胜则热， 阴胜则寒When yang prevails, there is heat and when yin prevails there is cold.寒胜则痛 when cold prevails, there is pain.升清降

3、浊 upbearing the clear and downbearing the turbid邪之所凑， 其气必虚For pathogens to encroach, qi must be deficient （ translated by Nigel Wiseman）大肠主津，小肠主液The large intestine governs fluid while the small intestine governs humor.夺血者无汗， 夺汗者无血。Despoliation of blood diminishes sweat, and despoliation of sweat di

4、minishes blood.衄家不可发汗， 亡血家不可发汗。Patients suffering from nosebleeds may not be made to sweat and patients suffering from blood collapse may not be made to sweat.12治疗学（ Therapeutics）散 dissipate理 regulate清 clear泻 purge 敛 constrain润 moisten补 tonify滋 enrich养 nourish健 fortify固 secure解 release涩 astringe祛 di

5、spel温 warm益 replenish除 eliminate化 resolve化痰 resolve phlegm（转）化 transform肝阳化火 liver yang transforming into fire肝阳化风 liver yang transforming into wind疏 soothing（ 动词原形：soothe）疏肝理气 soothe the liver and regulate qi疏肝养血 soothe the liver and nourish the blood疏肝健脾 soothe the liver and fortify the spleen疏肝和胃

6、 soothe the liver and harmonize the stomach温补命门 warm and tonify the life gate解表 release the exterior清法 clearing method清肝火clear liver fire清热和胃clear heat and harmonize the stomach泻火 purge fire泻肝 purge the liver泻心 purge the heart润肠Moisten the intestines温胃warm the stomach温中warm the middle温中散寒warm the mi

7、ddle to dissipate cold温中和胃warm the middle to harmonize the stomach温阳行水warm yang to move water温经止痛warm the meridian to relieve pain散淤dissipate the stasis散寒dissipate cold潜阳subdue yang平肝潜阳pacify the liver to subdue yang宣肺止咳 diffuse the lung to suppress cough宣肺平喘 diffuse the lung to calm panting宣肺化痰 dif

8、fuse the lung to resolve phlegm补气生血 tonify qi and engender blood补养心血tonify and nourish heart blood滋阴补阳 enrich yin and tonify yang虚者补之Treat deficiency with（ or by）tonification 或Deficiency is treated with （or by） tonification寒者热之Treat cold with heat热者寒之Treat heat with cold扶正祛邪 reinforce the healthy qi

9、 and eliminate the pathogenic factors.八法 eight methods扶正reinforce the healthy qi 祛邪eliminate the pathogenic factors. 祛风剂 wind-dispelling formula清暑剂 summerheat-clearing formula安神剂 tranquilizing formula补益剂 tonifying and replenishing formula理血剂 blood-regulating formula 13 Syndrome differentiation辨证patt

10、ern identification/syndrome differentiation阴阳辨证yin-Yang pattern identification/syndrome differentiation阴阳失调证pattern/syndrome of yin-yang disharmony阴证 yin pattern/syndrome阴虚证yin deficiency pattern/syndrome阴阳两虚pattern/syndrome of dual deficiency of yin and yang阴虚火旺证pattern/syndrome of yin deficiency w

11、ith effulgent fire阴虚水停证pattern/syndrome of yin deficiency with water retention阴虚湿热证pattern/syndrome of yin deficiency with dampness-heatlow fever, night sweating（ night sweats）, flushed cheeks in the afternoon, vexing heat in the chest, palms and soles, a bitter and greasy taste in the mouth, redden

12、ed tongue with yellow slimy fur and rapid fine pulse表证exterior patternsudden onset, aversion to cold or to wind, fever, headache, generalized pain, thin tongue fur and floating pulse半表半里证half-exterior half-interior pattern/syndromebitter taste in the mouth, dry throat, nausea and loss of appetite, s

13、tring-like pulse表虚证exterior deficiency pattern/syndromereluctance to speak, lassitude, palpitation, dizziness, tinnitus, decreased food intake, weak pulse表寒证 exterior cold pattern表热证 exterior heat pattern里热证 interior heat pattern表热里寒 pattern of exterior heat and interior cold Chapter 2 Qi, blood, es

14、sence and fluid and humor21 Basic terms津液fluid and humor伤津 damage to fluid先天之气 innate qi （prenatal qi）先天之精innate essence 后天之气acquired qi后天之精 acquired essence正气 healthy qi邪气 pathogenic qi元气 primordial qi （ source qi）卫气 defensive qi营气nutrient（ nutritive） qi脏气 visceral qi腑气 bowel qi血虚blood deficiency肝藏

15、血the liver stores the blood.脾统血the spleen manages the blood.血主濡之blood governs nutrition.血热blood heat血为气之母blood is the mother of qi血瘀blood stasis瘀血static bloodEssence is the basis of the bodyacquired essenceessence of water and foodreproductive essence（ innate essence）气为血之帅Qi is the commander of the

16、blood.气能生血Qi engenders blood.气能行血Qi moves blood.气能摄血Qi contains blood.气不摄血 Qi deficiency failing to control blood气脱 qi collapse气闭 qi block气滞 qi stagnation气逆 qi counterflow气陷 qi sinking气机不利 inhibited qi movement （或 inhibited qi dynamics）三焦 triple energizers上焦 upper energizer中焦 middle energizer下焦 lowe

17、r energizer筋骨 sinews and bones 血气不和，百病乃而生If blood and qi fall into disharmony, a hundred diseases may arise.气主煦之， 血主濡之 Qi invigorates and blood nourishes.Human life depends on this qi.When qi gathers, the physical body is formed; when it disperses, the body dies中焦受气，取汁， 变化为赤， 是谓血The miraculous pivot

18、 states: “ the middle energizer takes in qi, extracts its essence, and turns it into the red substance that is blood.”肝受血而能视；足受血能步；掌受血能握；指受血而能摄。The liver receives blood, so there is sight; the legs receive blood and thus are able to walk; the hands receive blood and so are able to grip; the fingers

19、receive blood and then are able to grasp.中焦之所受气者， 泌其糟粕， 蒸津液， 化其精微，上行于肺脉， 乃化而为血， 以奉生身，莫贵于此， 故独得行于经隧，命曰营气。From the qi that the middle energizer takes in, it produces waste and distills fluids from which it extracts the essence. This then flows into the lung meridian where it is transformed into blood

20、which furnishes the needs of the body. Its preciousness is unexcelled by anything. It flows through the blood vessels and is known as nutrient qi.22 Symptoms血虚证:证见面白无华或萎黄、唇色淡白、爪甲苍白、头晕眼花、心悸失眠、手足发麻、舌淡苔白、脉细无力 blood deficiency pattern/syndromeCommonly-seen symptoms in blood deficiency syndrome are: pale

21、（lusterless） or sallow complexion, pale lips and nails, dizziness, dimmed vision, insomnia, palpitations, numbness of extremities, pale tongue and white tongue fur and fine （forceless） pulse.面色淡白或晦滞，身倦乏力，气少懒言，疼痛如刺，常见于胸胁，痛处不移，拒按，舌淡暗或有紫斑，脉沉涩。Pale white or dull, dark complexion, lassitude and lack of s

22、trength, shortage of qi with no desire to talk, unpalpable stabbing pain frequently seen in rib-side（s） of fixed location, pale tongue or with purple speckles, sunken and rough pulse.Blood collapses patterna critical pattern occurring in cases of acute massive bleeding, marked by pallor, dizziness,

23、palpitations, faint and short breathing, cold extremities and even mental confusion, pale tongue, hardly perceptible pulse.Blood stasis patternA pattern marked by formation of visible painful and tender mass, or abdominal mass with stabbing pain and tenderness, or bleeding of blood with clots, irreg

24、ular pulse.Blood heat pattern A pattern that occurs when exuberant pathogenic heat enters the blood aspect and is manifested by fever, nose-bleeds, vomiting of blood, expectoration of blood , bloody stool, skin eruptions, or advanced periods with profuse bright-red menstrual discharge, vexation, or

25、even delirium and convulsions, deep crimson tongue and rapid string-like pulse.咳嗽 cough干咳 dry cough干呕 dry retching呕吐 vomiting吐酸 acid vomiting呃逆 hiccup嗳气 belching恶心 nausea久病 enduring disease（illness）体质虚弱 weak constitution营养不良 malnutrition劳倦overexertion and fatigue食欲不振 poor appetite消化不良 indigestion胸闷

26、oppression in the chest脱肛 prolapse of the rectum大量失血 heavy blood loss血液生成 blood formation面色 complexion面色萎黄 sallow facial complexion面黄 yellow complexion面色苍白 pale complexion面色淡白 pale white complexion （注意）面色晦暗 dull，dark complexion头晕 dizziness心悸 palpitation惊悸 fright palpitations心慌 flusteredness健忘 forget

27、fulness （amnesia）无泽 lusterless失眠 insomnia心烦vexation烦热 heat vexation手足烦热 vexing heat in the extremities手足心热 heat in the palms and soles五心烦热 vexing heat in the chest, palms and soles身重 heavy body身痒 generalized itching身痛 generalized pain麻木（不仁）numbness钝痛dull pain 耳痛ear pain目痛 eye pain胸痛chest pain胃痛stoma

28、ch pain腹痛abdominal pain足跟痛heel pain胀痛distending pain刺痛stabbing pain冷痛cold pain灼痛scorching pain固定痛 fixed pain剧痛 severe pain痛无定处 pain of unfixed location耳鸣 tinnitus 口渴 thirst口干 dry mouth口淡 bland taste in the mouth口苦bitter taste in the mouth口甜sweet taste in the mouth口酸sour taste in the mouth口涩astringent taste in the mouth口咸 salty taste in the mouth口麻 numbness in the mouth口粘腻 sticky slimy sensation in the mouth宿食 retained food