译林版八年级英语下册Unit 7International Charities知识点+测试题附答案Word文档格式.docx

1、too+形容词+to “太以至于不能”He is too young to carry that box.Part Two Welcome to the unitA1.ORBIS （国际奥比斯组织） （P 93）2.Oxfam （牛津饥荒救济委员会/乐施会） （P 93）3. UNICEF （United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund 联合国儿童基金会） （P 93）4.WWF（World Wildlife Fund 世界野生动物基金） （P 93）B1、I know about a charity called UNICEF.（

2、P93）1.know about表示“了解,知道”。 Do you know about him?2. UNICEF （United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund） 联合国儿童基金会2、It helps build a better world for everyone, especially children all over the world. （P93）1. help sb. （to） do sth.“帮助某人做某事”；help sb. with sth.“帮助某人某事”。 The boy helped the old w

3、oman to cross the road.She always helps him with his homework.2. especially adv. “尤其，特别”，是especial的副词形式；especial adj. “特别的，特殊的”。I am especially busy on this weekends. This is an especial day.3. all over the world= around the world 全世界I want to travel around the world. = I want to travel all over the

4、 world.3. It provides basic education for children in poor areas. （P93）1. basic adj. “基础的，基本的”。Everyone should get basic right.2. education 不可数名词 “教育”。Children must get education.1.educate v. “教育；培养”。 Educate sb. to do sth. “教育某人做某事”。It takes patience to educate children. You should educate your son

5、 to be friendly to others. 2. educator n. “教育工作者；教育家”。Tao Xingzhi is a great educator.4. It also works to prevent the spread of some serious diseases, like AIDS, among young people. （P93）1.spread v. “扩散；分布；展开”。We must prevent the spread of this kind of illness. You should realize the importance of t

6、he spread of education.spread （spread spread） 既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词，意思是“展开；传播；散布”。He spread the map. The news was spread quickly.Part Three Reading1、Dr Ma, please tell us something about blindness. （P94）blindness 不可数名词 “失明”。Dont give up your dream because of your blindness.blindness 是形容词blind+后缀-ness构成

7、的名词，类似的还有：kindness 和蔼 illness 疾病 happiness 快乐 richness 富有 sadness 悲伤2、mostly in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. （P94）1. mostly adv. “主要地；大部分地；多半地”。I am mostly at home on Sundays. He writes to his parents every week, mostly on Saturdays.2. case 可数名词 “病例；案例”

8、。This is a case of fever.3. cure 及物动词 “治愈；矫正”。Can you cure the sick child?cure sb. of ones illness “治好某人的疾病”。The special medicine cured him of his headache.3、However, many people dont have money for medical treatment. （P94）1. medical adj. “医学的；医疗的”。His mother works in a medical college2.treatment 可用

9、作可数名词，也可用作不可数名词，“治疗”。He had to give up medical treatment because he used up all the money.4、ORBIS uses its Flying Eye Hospital to visit poor areas. （P94）flying adj. “飞的；飞行的；会飞的”。There is a strange flying object in the sky.5、The plane is also used as a training centre. （P94）be used as “被用作.”.English

10、is used as a second language in many countries.1. be used for. “被用来”A knife is used for cutting things. 2.be used by“被.使用”Chinese is used by more and more foreigners. 3.be used in“被用于方面”I hope that the money is used in medical research.6、Many of our patients cant afford to go to hospital（P94）1.affor

11、d 及物动词 “买得起；能做；承担得起”，后面接名词、代词或动词不定式做宾语。 The house is so expensive that I cant afford it. She cant afford to pay for her daughters education.口诀：巧记afford的用法：动词afford表“承担”，用法特殊记心间。 can, could, be able to, 三个“能”字在其前。 疑问否定常出现，被动结构就免谈。2. go to hospital 去看病go to the hospital 去医院（看病人或做其他事）7、Also, local doct

12、ors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations. （P94）on board “在飞机（船、火车）上”All the sailors have been on board. When you are on board, you should turn off your mobile phone.8、During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. （P95）1. patient 在句中用作可数名词，“病人，患者”These patients are wai

13、ting for the doctor to come.一言辨义：As a doctor, you should be patient with all the patients.operate 不及物动词，“开刀，做手术”，“给某人做手术”应用operate on sb.表示The doctor is operating on him.operate “操作；开动（机器等）”His father is operating the machine.9、Im proud to help people see again and improve their lives. （P95）Proud ad

14、j. “自豪的，骄傲的”。常见的短语如下：1. be proud to do sth. “以做某事而骄傲”All the players are proud to play for their motherland.2. be proud of“为.而自豪”They are proud of their son.3. be proud that +从句，很自豪.I am proud that I have finished the work successfully.take pride in与be proud of 同义 “为.而自豪”Do you take pride in your jo

15、b?10、 Is there anything else youd like to say to our readers? （P95）1.anything 不定代词，“某物，某件事”，用于表示物，若作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。anything 常用于否定句或疑问句中，若用于肯定句，意思则为“任何事”。I dont have anything to do.If you have anything to tell me ,you can give me a call.1. something 不定代词，“某事或某物”，常用于肯定句，也可用于表示请求、邀请、建议等语气的疑问句中。There is s

16、omething wrong with his bike. Would you like something to eat?2. nothing 不定代词，“没有物，没有事”，常用于否定句中I often have nothing to do in the evening.2.reader 可数名词，“读者”，是由“及物动词+后缀-er”构成的名词，通常表示做该动作的人，类似的还有： player（运动员）， writer（作家），teacher（教师），worker（工人），waiter（服务员）等；但是有一部分是加后缀-or构成的，如：actor（演员）， collector（收藏者），e

17、ducator（教育家），visitor（参观者）。11、Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treatedand cured. （P95）1.medicine 用作不可数名词，“医学；药”。“服药；吃药；喝药”应用take the medicine表示，而不用eat the medicine或 drink the medicine表示。Chinese medicine is very popular in western countries now.You mu

18、st take the medicine three times a day.2. develop 可用作及物动词或不及物动词，“发展；加强”。Modern music was first developed in Italy. You should develop your mind fully.development 可用作可数名词或不可数名词，“发展；进展；发达；发育”；developing “发展中的”，developed “发达的”。3. treat 及物动词，“治疗”The doctor is treating him for his illness.treat 用作及物动词，“对

19、待；看待；把看作”，treat.as”把看作.”Dont treat me as a child.辨析：treat与curetreat宾语是人、某种疾病或发病的部位，强调治疗的过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思The dentist is treating my teeth.牙科医生正在给我看牙。cure宾语可以是人，也可以是某种疾病，强调治疗的结果，指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病This medicine will cure your toothache.这种药课治好你的牙疼。I will try my best totreat him, but Im not sure whethe

20、r I can cure him.12.But more money is needed tocarry on withour work. （P95）carry on with sth. “继续做某事”，相当于carry on doing sth., go on doing sth.或continue doing sth.Lets carry on with the work.Part Four Grammar1、Leaflets.传单（P99）Leaflet 可数名词，“传单；散页印刷品“They are giving out leaflets.2、Hand out. 分发。（P99）han

21、d out “分发；发出”；其反义词组为hand in ,”上交”。I am helping the teacher hand out the examination papers. You must hand in your homework before class.注意：短语hand out 与hand in 的宾语如果是名词，可放在短语中间或者后面；如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在短语的中间。The teacher handed them out to the students. Please hand it in.3、hold（举行） （P100）hold 及物动词，“举行“。过去式：h

22、eld， 过去分词：heldOur school will hold the sports meeting next week. The 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing in 2008.hold 作及物动词，还有以下含义： 1.“容纳“The classroom can hold over 100 students. 2.”握住；抓住“He was holding his fathers hand.4.Oxfam（1） was set up in the UK in 1942（P100）set（set set ）既是及物动词，又是不及物动词，“创

23、建，建立”，set up在此意为“建立”The school was set up in 1999.set up还有“搭建；建起”的意思。Lets set up the tent first.set up 的宾语如果是代词，只能将其放在set up 的中间；如果是名词，可以放在set up的中间，也可以放在set up 的后面。5、Now it has about 15,000 shops all over the world.（P100）15,000 读作“fifteen thousand”一万五千”。英语中的基数词的读法要注意以下几点：1.百位数与十位数之间要加and连接。101 读作:

24、one hundred and one 310 读作：three hundred and ten2.千位数以上的，从右向左数，每三位数用逗号隔开，第一个逗点为thousand,第二个逗点为million。10，000“一万“ ， 读作：”ten thousand“ 100,000 “十万”， 读作：”one hundred thousand” 1,000,000“一百万”， 读作：“one million“ 10,000,000 “一千万”， 读作：“ten million“ 100,000,000 “一亿”， 读作：“one hundred million“6、With its help,

25、millions of poor children all over the country were given basic education. （P100）with ones help “在某人的帮助下”=with the help of sb.，其反义短语为without ones helpI found the bank with his help. I cant finish the work without your help.被动语态（1）被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时英语中的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。1.当主语是谓语的执行者时，用主动语态。当主语是谓语的承受者时，用被

26、动语态。例如:We clean the classroom every day.我们每天都打扫教室。The classroom is cleaned（by us） every day.教室每题都被（我们）打扫。2.被动语态的基本构成：主语be动词过去分词一般现在时IamsupportedYou/We/TheyisHe/She/Itare一般过去时waswere3.被动语态的基本用法:1.动作的执行者是泛指或不言自明时。None of the books was taken away.没有一本书被拿走。2.在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。The toy is designed for childre

27、n. 这款玩具是为孩子们设计的。3.需要强调动作的承受者时。My bike was repaired. 我的自行车修好了。4.出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。This problem was talked about just now.这个问题刚才被讨论过了。5.在被动语态的句子中，如果我们需要指出动作的执行者，可以由by引出。Mr. Wu is liked by all of his students. 所有的学生都喜欢吴老师。有些动词常用被动语态。He was born in Nanjing. 他生于南京。 This mobile phone was made in China. 这部手机是中国制造的。4.主动语态与被动语态的句式转化：主动语态She谓语（主动式）hurt宾语me