刘炳善《英国文学简史》完整版笔记免费.docx

1、刘炳善英国文学简史完整版笔记免费英国文学简史完全版A Con cise History of British LiteratureChapter 1 En glish Literature of An glo-Sax on PeriodI.I ntroducti onI.The historical backgro und(1)Before the Germanic invasion(2)During the Germanic invasiona.immigrati on;b.Christia ni ty;c.heptarchy.d.social classes structure: hide

2、-hu ndred; eoldermen(lord) -tha ne - middle class (freemen) - lower class (slave or bondmen: theoW ;e.social organization: clan or tribes.f.military Orga ni zati on;g.Church function: spirit, civil service, education;h.economy: coins, trade, slavery;i.feasts and festival: Hallowee n, Easter; j. lega

3、l system.2.The Overview of the culture(1)The mixture of pagan and Christian spirit.(2)Literature: a. Poetry: two types; b. prose: two figures.II.Beowulf.1.A gen eral in troducti on.2.The content.3.The literary features.(1)the use of alliterati on(2)the use of metaphors and un derstateme nts(3)the mi

4、xture of pagan and Christian elementsIII.The Old En glish Prose1.What is prose?2.figures(1)The Venerable Bede(2)Alfred the GreatChapter 2 En glish Literature of the Late Medieval Ages l.ln troducti on1.The Historical Backgro und.(1)The year 1066: Norman Con quest.(2)The social situations soon after

5、the conquest.A.Norma n n obles and serfs;B.restorati on of the church.(3)The 11th ce ntury.A.the crusade and kni ghts.B.dominance of Fre nch and Lat in;(4)The 12th ce ntury.A. the cen tralized gover nment;B. kings and the church (Henry II and Thomas);(5)The 13th ce ntury.A.The lege nd of Robin Hood;

6、B.Magna Carta (1215);C.the begi nning of the Parliame ntD.En glish and Lati n: official la nguages (the end)(6)The 14th cen tury.a.the House of Lords and the House of Commonsconflict between theParliame nt and Kin gs;b.the rise of tow ns.c.the cha nge of Church.d.the role of wome n.e.the Hun dred Ye

7、ars Waistarti ng.f.the developme nt of the trade: London.g.the Black Death.h.the Peasants Revo1381.i.The tran slati on of Bible by Wycliffe.(7)The 15th ce ntury.a.The Peasants Revolt (1453)b.The War of Roses betwee n Lan caster and Y orks.c.the prin ti ng-press William Caxt on.d.the starting of Tudo

8、r Monarchy (1485)2.The Overview of Literature.(1)the stories from the Celtic lands of Wales and Brittangreat myths of the Middle Ages.(2) Geoffrye of Monm outh Historia Regum Brita nni ae King Authur.(3)Wace Le Roman de Brut.(4)The roma nee.(5) the sec ond half of the 14th een tury: Lan gla nd, Gaw

9、in poet, Chaucer.II.Sir Gawin and Green Knight.1.A gen eral in troducti on.2.The plot.III.William Langland.1.Life2.Piers the Plowma nIV.Chaucer1.Life2.Literary Career: three periods(1)French period(2)Italian period(3)master period3.The Can terbury TalesA. The Framework;B. The Gen eral Prologue;C.The

10、 Tale Proper.4.His Con tributio n.(1)He in troduced from France the rhymed sta nza of various types.(2)He is the first great poet who wrote in the current English Ianguage.(3)The spoken English of the time consisted of several dialects, and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London the standa

11、rd for the moder n En glish speech.V.Popular Ballads.VI.Thomas Malory and En glish ProseVII.The begi nning of En glish Drama.1.Miracle Plays.Miracle play or mystery play is a form of medieval drama that came from dramatization of the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church. It developed from the 10th t

12、o the 16th cen tury, reachi ng its height in the 15th cen tury. The simple lyric character of the early texts was enlarged by the addition of dialogue and dramatic action. Eventually the performance was moved to the churchyard and the marketplace.2.Morality Plays.A morality play is a play enforcing

13、a moral truth or less on by means of the speech and acti on of characters which are pers oni fied abstracti ons -figures represe nti ng vices and virtues, qualities of the huma n mi nd, or abstract con cepti ons in gen eral.3.I nterlude.The interlude, which grew out of the morality, was intended, as

14、 its name implies, to be used more as filler than as the main part of an entertainment. As its best it was short, witty, simple in plot, suited for the diversion of guests at a banquet, or for the relaxation of the audienee between the divisions of a serious play. It was esse ntially an in doors per

15、forma nee, and gen erally of an aristocratic n ature.Chapter 3 English Literature in the Renaissanee I.A Historical BackgroundII.The Overview of the Literature (1485-1660)Printing press readershipgrowth of middle class trade-education for laypeople-centralization of power-intellectual life-exploration-new impetus and directi on of literature.Humanism-study of the literature of classical antiquity and reformed educati on.Literary style-modeled on the ancients.The effect of humanism-the dissemination of the cultivated, clear, and sen sible attitude of its classically ed