届高考英语二轮复习分类阅读写作训练之人与自然人与环境含答案与解析文档格式.docx

1、Just being near trees can reduce depression. 4 In one study carried out in London, it was found that people who lived near to trees had much better mental health. Researchers discovered that, the more trees that could be found in any location, the fewer the number of people who were being prescribed

2、 antidepressants （抗抑郁药）.Walking in the woods has already been shown to improve brainpower. That is why there is currently a trend to site kindergartens in wooded areas. Researchers have found that, children who play in wooded areas develop better cognitive （认知的） skills and are better equipped to be

3、able to assess risks and dangers. 5AIt helps you recover from illness.BIt can help overweight people lose weight.CThat has been proven in studies conducted in big cities.DWhat have the Japanese discovered about walking in a forest?E.Then they compared their blood pressure when they returned.F.Why do

4、es the air in a forest contain all kinds of beneficial things?G.It also, of course, gives children a better appreciation of the natural world.二、阅读理解A江苏南京高一期中） Sheep farmers can profit by planting trees and selling carbon credits, according to a new study. The report by the University of Sheffield, p

5、ublished in the journal Environmental Research, suggests that farmers with more than 60 acres of land could turn a profit if their land were returned to forest and they received 3 per ton of CO2 captured. The farmers could then sell the carbon credits to companies looking to offset（抵消）their emission

6、s（排放物）, such as airlines.The study was released as the UK farming sector prepares to move away from the Basic Payment System to the new Environmental Land Management Scheme （ELMS）, which focuses on producing public goods, such as recovering ecosystems, flood defenses and carbon storage. Carbon credi

7、ts are currently being sold for 15 per ton, a price that could make any forest size profitable, according to the study. The research also suggests that if the UK increased its tree cover from 8% to 12%, the amount of carbon emissions captured by forests would increase by 10%.“Sheep farming in the UK

8、 is not profitable without subsidies（补贴）, but forests dull sell carbon credits can be economically workableso it makes sense for the Government to help farmers transition （过渡）,” believes Colin Osborne, the lead author of the study, “In the end, these come down to political questions of how we want o

9、ur countryside to be used, how we value livestock production over the global costs of climate breakdown and how the Government supports farmers and rural communities.”However, critics say that the study is far too simplistic, with the National Sheep Association （NSA） saying land management shouldnt

10、only focus on carbon emissions, but has to be multi-functional. Speaking to Farmers Guardian, NSA CEO Phil Stocker says its “really easy for scientists to justify the planting of forests through a carbon calculation （计算）, because it is easy to measure how much carbon is in a tree and then apply an o

11、ffset value”.Mr. Stocker notes that grassland can effectively capture carbon and adds, “I appreciate trees as much as anyone, but to introduce policies to destroy grasslands by creating forests is short-sighted at best.”6What is the new study about?AForests giving way to sheep farming.BUK sheep farm

12、ers preferring to plant trees.CSheep farmers contributing greatly to environmental protection.DUK sheep farmers getting paid for replacing their grassland with forest.7What is the aim of the new ELMS?ATo help sheep farmers get richer and richer.BTo support those suffering from natural disasters.CTo

13、use the land in an environmentally-friendly way.DTo encourage people to plant more trees on their land.8What do Colin Osbornes words focus on?AThe role of the Government. BThe future of sheep farming.CThe costs of climate breakdown. DThe problems of rural communities.9Which of the following would Ph

14、il Stocker agree with?AIt is meaningful to measure carbon emissions.BIt is unwise to replace grassland with woodland.CSubsidizing farmers helps improve soil quality.DGrassland plays a more vital role than woodland.B福建省连城县第一中学） You are very aware that if something goes wrong, it goes very wrong very

15、quickly, says Joanne Johnson, speaking near Thwaites Glacier（冰川） in one of the remotest parts of Antarctica. At the time, she and three colleagues were alone, more than 1600 kilometres from the nearest research station. Strong winds had pounded them and it had snowed heavily. On the bright side, for

16、tunately, it was mild, at -5.Until now, fewer than 50 people have been to this part of West Antarctica, less than have been to space. By the end of this month, 100 will have visited. The reason is simple: Thwaites now is a potential time bomb.This vast glacier is about the size of Great Britain. Whi

17、le it has been lessening since the early 1990s, ice it lost has almost doubled over the past 20 years. It is falling 35 billion tonnes a year. On its own, its collapse would raise seas by around 65 centimetres. That is worrying enough in the context of the 19-cm rise in the whole of the 20th century

18、. But the bigger worry is that this glacier buttresses the entire West Antarctic ice sheet. The fear is that it will cause a wider collapse of the ice sheet enough to raise seas by a disastrous 3.3 metres within a few hundred years if Thwaites goes.Scientists for the first time drilled into the ice;

19、 placing instruments into the ice is the only way to make accurate forecasts of how sea level will rise in the future. This years work has already confirmed their fears though warm ocean water that circles Antarctica is flowing to the coast and because the seabed tips downwards, as the ice melts（融化）

20、 it will expose increasingly more ice to that water, meaning the glacier could disappear increasingly rapidly.Joanne Johnson said, What happens in the Antarctic doesnt stay in the Antarctic. Humanity cannot afford to wait.10Why will more people visit Thwaites?ATo measure Thwaites size. BTo locate Th

21、waites Glacier.CTo explore West Antarctica. DTo learn about Thwaites melting.11What does the underlined word buttresses in paragraph 3 mean?ASupports. BCovers.CDamages. DBalances.12Whats the purpose of scientists drilling into the ice?ATo find out the position of ice melting.BTo predict the exact ch

22、ange of sea level.CTo calculate the speed of water circling.DTo prevent the seabed from moving.13What does Joanne Johnson mean in the last paragraph?AAntarctic is destroyed by outsiders.BAntarctic is the focus of the problem.CThwaites trouble will become worldwide.DHumans should be blamed for Thwait

23、es crisis.C上海市实验学校高二期末） There has, in recent years, been an outpouring of information about the impact of buildings on the natural environment. Information which explains and promotes green and sustainable construction design strives to convince others of its effectiveness and warns of the dangers o

24、f ignoring the issue. Seldom do these documents offer any advice to practitioners, such as （hose designing mechanical and electrical systems for a building, on how to utilize this knowledge on a practical level.While the terms green and sustainable arc often considered synonymous, in that they both

25、symbolize nature, green does not include all that is meant by sustainability. Some elements of green design may be sustainable too, for example those which reduce energy usage and pollution, while others, such as ensuring internal air quality, may be considered green despite having no influence on t

26、he ecological balance.Although there are a good many advocates of green construction in the architectural industry, this is not enough to make green construction come into being. The driving force behind whether a building is constructed with minimal environmental impact lies with the owner of the b

27、uilding; that is, the person financing the project. If the owner considers green design unimportant, or of secondary importance, then more than likely, it will not be factored into the design.The 81nmissioning（委托）process plays a key role in ensuring the owner gets the building he wants, in terms of

28、design, costs and risk. At the predesign stage, the owners objectives, criteria and the type of design imagined are discussed and documented. This gives a design team a solid foundation on which they can build their ideas, and also provides a specific standard against which individual elements, such

29、 as costs, design and environmental impact can be judged.In some cases, an owner may be aware of the latest trends in sustainable building design. He may have done research into it himself or he may have been informed of the merits of green design through early discussion with professionals. However, firms should not take it as read that someone commissioning a building already has a preconceived idea of how green he intends the structure to be. Indeed, this initial interaction betwe