北师大版高中英语选修八Unit 23《Conflict》Period Two课时精练Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、每小题2分，满分20分）ABeauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy.Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and have more respectable jobs.Personal advisors give them better advice for finding jobs.Even judges are softer on attractive defendants.Bu

2、t in the executive（主管的）circle，beauty can become a liability.While attractiveness is a positive factor for a man on his way up the executive leader，it is harmful to a woman.Handsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men：effort and ability were thought to lead to thei

3、r success.Attractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones；their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luck.All unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the attractive female executiv

4、es.Interestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was connected more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attracdtive overnight successes.Why are attractive women not thought to be able？An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine and an attr

5、active man more manly than the less attractive ones.Thus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs，but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the“manly”qualities required.This is true even in politics.“When the only clue is how he or she looks，p

6、eople treat men and women differently，”says Anne Brown，who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidates.She asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs，one of men and one of women，in order of attractiveness.The students were told the phot

7、ographs were of candidates for political offices.They were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for them.The results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men，but women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes.【解题导语】 美丽一定是优点吗？也不尽然

8、。对于美丽的管理阶层女性，她们的美就可以成为她们职场打拼的一大负担。11The underlined word “liability”（Paral） most probably means_.Adisadvantage BadvantageCmisfortune Dtrouble解析词义猜测题。由第1段首句及“But”可知。答案A12In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness_.Amakes women look more honest and capableBstrengthens the feminine qualities requiredCi

9、s of great importance to womenDoften enables women to succeed quickly解析事实细节题。由第4段第3行可知。答案D13Bowmans experiment shows that when it comes to politics，attractiveness_.Aturns out to be a disadvantage to menBis more of a disadvantage than an advantage to womanCaffects men and women alikeDhas as little ef

10、fect on men as on women由最后一段可知。答案B14It can be inferred from the passage that peoples views on beauty are often_.Apractical BsupportiveColdfashioned Donesided解析推理判断题。人们只知道美是好的，不知道美还有不利的一面。15The author writes this passage to_.Agive advice to jobseekers who are attractiveBdiscuss the disadvantages of b

11、eing attractiveCdemand equal rights for womenDstate the importance of appearance解析主旨大意题。作者论述的是美貌的缺点。BWe may all have had the embarrassing moment：Getting halfway through a story only to realize that weve told this exact tale before，to the person were boring with it now.Why do we make such memory mist

12、akes?According to research published in Psychological Science，it may have to do with the way our brains process different types of memory.Researchers Nigel Gopie，of the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto，and Colin Macleod，of the University of Waterloo，divided memory into two kinds.The first was so

13、urce memory，or the ability to keep track of where information is coming from.The second was destination memory，or the ability to recall whom we have given information to.They found that source memory functions better than destination memory，in part because of the direction in which that information

14、is travelling.To study the differences between source and destination memory，the researchers did an experiment on 60 university students，according to a New York Times report.The students were asked to associate 50 random（随意的）facts with the faces of 50 famous people.Half of the students “told”each fa

15、ct to one of the faces，reading it aloud when the celebritys picture appeared on a computer screen.The other half read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward.When later asked to recall which facts went with which faces，the students who were giving information out（destinati

16、on memory）scored about 16 percent lower on memory performance compared with the students receiving information（source memory）The researchers concluded that outgoing information was less associated with its environmental context（背景）that is，the personthan incoming information.This makes sense given wh

17、at is known about attention.A person who is giving information ever little facts，will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said.Because our attention is finite （有限的），we give less attention to the person we are giving information to.After a second experiment with another group

18、 of 40 students，the researchers concluded that selffocus is another factor that undermines destination memory.They asked half the students to continue giving out random information，while the other told things about themselves.This time around，those who were talking about themselves did 15 percent wo

19、rse than those giving random information.“When you start telling these personal facts compared with nonself facts，suddenly destination memory goes down more，suggesting that it is the selffocus component（成分）thats reducing the memory，”Gopie told Live Science.【解题导语】 文章通过两个实验向我们介绍了对于两种信息记忆效果的不同及其原因。16Th

20、e point of this article is to_.Agive advice on how to improve memoryBtell what causes the memory to worsenCexplain why we repeat stories to the same personDintroduce different kinds of memories由文章的结构可以看出，全文就是在回答“Why do we make such memory mistakes？”的。而“such memory mistakes”就是选项中所说的we repeat stories

21、to the same person，故C项正确。答案C17Those who read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterwards_.Acan memorize more informationBhave worse memoryCare more likely to repeat storiesDpaid more attention to themselves解析细节理解题。倒数第六段对接受两种信息的实验对象进行了比较，由此可以得出答案。18The person who is giving inf

22、ormation_.Amay receive little factsBfocuses more on what he is sayingChas finite attentionDpays much attention to his own behavior由倒数第四段“A person who is giving information even little facts，will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said”可知答案。19The underlined word “undermines”

23、probably means_.Aweakens Bbenefits Cexplains Dsupports这是对第二次实验的总结，由倒数第二段的最后一句话“worse”可知该词的意思，和weaken同义。20What did the scientists conclude from the second experiment?ADestination memory is weaker than source memory.BFocusing attention on oneself leads to relatively poor source memory performance.CAss

24、ociating personal experience with information helps people memorize better.DSelffocus is responsible for giving information twice or more to the same person.由倒数第三段“the researchers concluded that selffocus is another factor that undermines destination memory.”可知答案。时间：.完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握

25、其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent.Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is _1_ in Africa，we are _2_ to think that all Africans are musicians.The impression is _3_ when we look at oursel

26、ves and find that we have become _4_ a society of musical spectators（旁观）Music is important to us，but most of us can be considered _5_ rather than producers of music.We have records，television，concerts，and radio to _6_ many of our musical needs.In most _7_ where music is performed in our culture，it i

27、s not difficult to distinguish the _8_ from the performers，but such is often not the case in Africa.Alban Ayipaga，a Kasena semiprofessional musician from northern Ghana，says that when his flute（长笛）and drum ensemble（歌舞团）is performing，“Anybody can take _9_”This is true，but Kasena musicians _10_ that n

28、ot all people are _11_ capable of taking part in the music.Some can sing along with the drummers，but relatively few can drum and even fewer can play the flute along with the ensemble.It is fairly _12_ in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians _13_ by others who join in by clapping，singing，or somehow _14_ to the totality of musical sound.Performing nucleus and the _15_ performers，active spectators