英汉翻译常用的方法和技巧练习文档格式.docx

1、3. i cant even remember clearly what he looked like .我连 他的模样 也记不清楚了 4. he also asked what had happened to me since we separated.他还问我 别后的情况。三、对斜体部分，根据汉语表达习惯改变词类 1. our hearty desire is the establishment of a lasting peace in the world我们的衷心愿望时 建立 世界持久和平 2.the sentry stood guard with a submachine gun i

2、n his hand.哨兵 持 冲锋枪站岗 3. the workers turned hopefully to that organization工人对那个信组织抱着很大 希望 4. the war was immediately caused by incursions across the borders那次战争的直接 原因 时侵入国境 四、对斜体部分，要求从反面表达，但不改变原义 1. he tried to catch one of the rafts with a boat-hook,but missed.他想用一根船钩去钩一个木筏，但 没有钩着 2. they had bette

3、r keep their promise because everything hinges on that right now.他们最好 不要失信 ，因为目前一切都要以此为转移 3. these are days when nerves are worn thin.这些日子精神上有些 受不了 4. all night long the beating and questioning goes on , the search goes on.拷打、审讯彻夜 不停 ，搜捕彻夜 不停 五、对斜体部分，根据汉语表达习惯改变语态 1. i have been sent here by the norw

4、egian shipping company t o talk with you about transportation.我是挪威轮船公司派来和贵方商谈运输问题的 2. everything he advertised was guaranteed to last forever他保证他广告中所登的东西都能“永久”使用 3. my fist thirty years were spent in western america.我的前三十年时在美国西部度过的 4. an individual is judged by how he serves the collective, but the

5、collective is expected to cherish the lives and talents of its individuals.判断一个人要看他对集体服务得怎样，但是集体也要忠实个人得生活和才能一、翻译句子，注意right 在句中的词类来确定它的词义 1. it is not right for children to sit up late 孩子们睡得晚不 好 adj2. the plane was right above out heads 飞机 正好 在我们头上面 adv3. in the negative, right and left, and black an

6、d white are reversed 照片底片上，左 右 黑白与正片恰好相反 n4. she tried her best to right her husband from the charge of robbery 她尽力为她丈夫被控抢劫 伸冤 v二、翻译句子，注意根据上下文及搭配关系来确定斜体词的词义 account for1. he is ill; that accounts for his absence. 他病了，这就是他缺席的 原因2. In this battle he accounted for five of the enemy 他在这场战斗中 消灭 了五个敌人 3.

7、i want you to account for every cent you spent 我要你把花费的每分钱都 交代清楚make up1. if the stove isntt made up, it will go out 如不 添煤 ，炉子就会熄灭 2. there isnt any girl called Clementine. hes just made her up 根本没有个叫。的姑娘，全是他 捏造 出来的 3. half the roads in the rigion are still to be made up 这地区的路面有一半还没有 修好4. society is

8、made up of people with widely differing abilities. 社会是由具有迥然不同的能力的人 组成 的 figure1. the foreign trade has risen to unprecedented figures 对外贸易的 数字 由了空前的增长 2. dr. elion was one of the most revered figures in the world of learning 。博士是学术界最受尊敬的 人物 之一 3. on the desk there was a bronze figure of plato 书桌上有一尊

9、柏拉图的铜 像4. he saw dim figures moving towards hiim 他隐隐约约看见一些 人影 在向他跟前移动 5. june was good at figure skating 琼善于 花式 滑冰 三、翻译句子，注意根据上下文及逻辑关系对斜体词作进一步引申 1. there was no provocatio n for such an angry leter 写这样一封生气的信简直是 毫无道理.2. fattys restaurant had become an institution in his life in the last seven years 去

10、“发体餐厅”就餐， 7 年来已成为他生活中 惯常的事情3. the trunk was big and awkward and loaded with books. but his case was a different proposition. 那个箱子又大又笨重，装的都是书，不过他随身带的箱子却是 另一回事4. the wedding, which heyward still remembered with pride, was attende by a whos who of boston society 参加婚礼的有波士顿社会 名流 ，赫华德想到这次婚礼时，仍然感到非常得意 5. t

11、he invention of machinery had brought into the world a new era-the industrial age. money had become king 机器德发明使世界进入了一个新纪元即工业时代，金钱成了 主宰一切的权威四、翻译句子，注意根据上下文来去顶斜体词的褒贬 1. it was mid-august and the subject for discussion was the future of rommel and hsi africa corps. 当时是八月中旬，他们讨论德题目是隆美尔及其非洲军团德 下场2. they p

12、ridicted the youth would have abright future 他们预言，这个年轻人会有一个锦绣 前程3. john was an aggressive salesman who did his job quite well. 约翰是个 积极肯干 德推销员，他工作得很出色 4. hetler prusued an aggressive policy after he seized power 希特勒夺取了政权后就推行 侵略 政策 5. hans was too obviously flattering the gentleman by saying he was th

13、e most courageous man he had ever seen 汉斯说，这位先生是他所见过的最有胆识的人。这种 阿谀奉承 未免过于露骨 6. mr. brown felt greatly flattered when he received the invitation to deliver a lecture. 布朗先生接到作演讲的邀请时感到 非常荣幸一 将斜体的派生名词译成动词 1. an acquaintance of world historyj is helpful to the study of current affairs.读 一点世界史，对学习时事是有帮助的 2

14、. his very appearance at any affair proclaims （声明） it a triumph 无论什么事情，只要他 一露面 ，就算是成功了 3. alloy （合金） steels are formed by the addition of one or more of the folllowing elements: nickel, tungsten, silicon and small amounts of other alloying elements加进 一些一种或几种元素可制成各种合金钢：镍、钨、硅和少量别的合金元素 4. he urged upon

15、 citizens of the country the necessity of persisting in participation in political controversies.他告诫全国公民，必须坚持 参加 政治论战 二 将斜体的动作名词译成动词 1. on the walk through the city they saw breadlines 在 走过 市区的时候，她们看见领救济食物的人排着长队 2. a view of Mt. Fuji can be obtained from here 从这里可以 看到 富士山 3. at the thought of the mi

16、shap（灾祸） his legs stiffened under him and couldnt move a step further 他一 想到 这场灾难，两腿就像有千斤重，再也挪不动一步了 4. after an iimpatient oath or two, she got her hair away from her eyes, sufficiently to obtain a sight of him 她不耐烦地咒骂了一两声，把头发从眼睛上拨开，才 看到 了他 三 将斜体的由动词加后缀er （or）构成的名词 译成动词 1. hi is no smoker , but his f

17、ather is a chain-smoker 他倒是不 抽烟 ， 但他爸爸却一支又一支不停地抽 2. he was a regular vistor 他经常 来 3.she is a lover of chinese painting 她 热爱 中国画 四 将斜体的名词（前面由一个较固定的动词，两者合成一个短语）译成动词 1. he has already made mention of the matter in his speech 他在讲演中曾 提到过 这件事 2. he showed with his eyes that he heard, but made no sign of a

18、ssent or dissent.他瞧了他一下，表示他听见了，但没有 表示 同意或不同意 3. the party branch secretary showed great concern for the students health 党支书很 关心 学生的健康 4. she had high praise for Dr. Higpan, although she complained about his strictness她高度 赞扬 了西格潘一声，但抱怨他过于严格 五 将斜体的前置词译成动词 1. up the street they went, past stores, acros

19、s a broad ssquare, and then entered a huge building.他们沿着大街去， 经过 许多商店， 穿过 一个大广场，然后进入了一座大厦 2. we drove home a bit after midnight, over the river and through the lovely old sleeping town时过午夜，我们驱车回家。先 过了 河，又 穿过 了这个在酣睡中的古老而可爱的城市 3. the judge sat in the dining-room amid his morning mail 法官坐在餐厅里 处理 早上到的邮件

20、六 将斜体的形容词译成动词 1. we are quite sure that the socialist system will replace the capitalist system iin the end 我们 深信 ，社会主义制度终究会代替资本主义制度 2. they were not content with their present achievenments 他们不 满足于 他们现有的成就 3. they were suspicious and resentful of him 他们 不信任 他， 讨厌 他 4. if we were ignorant of the str

21、ucture of the atom, it would be impossible for us to study nuclear physics.如果我们 不知道 原子的结构，我们就不能研究核子物理学 七 将斜体的副词译成动词 1. the successful fishermen of that day were already in 那天交好运的渔人们都已 回来 2. when he went back, the radio was still on , for he had forgotten to turn it off wehn he left他回来时，收音机仍然 开着 ，因为他

22、离开时忘记关了 3. Please do let me in! , they are searching for me, he begged “请让我 进来 吧，他们正在搜索我”他恳求道 4. i would usually first overfly Cyprus, with cameras on to see if a fleet was being assembled there我总是首先飞临塞浦路斯上空， 打开 摄影机，侦查在那儿是否有舰队集结 八 将斜体的动词译成名词 1. the landing was designed to cut the peninsula in two 登录

23、的 目的 是要把该半岛一切两半 2. the navy is now positioned to safeguard both the Pacific and Atlantic Cceans.海军现在摆下了 阵势 ，防卫太平洋和大西洋 3. on that day they were escorted to the great wall of chna 他们那天和 陪同人员 去参观中国的长城 4. because he had struck a boss, he was blacklisted and lost his job at the fertilizer works.由于打了一个工头，

24、他被列入 黑名单 ，不能在肥料厂工作了 5. a well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an american, got into the car 一个穿着讲究的人上了车，他的 外表 和 谈吐 都像个美国人 6. they signed two agreements that served to warm up the atmosphere of their relations他们签署了两个协定， 目的 是使他们的关系热呼起来 九 将斜体的动词译成带“遭”“受”“得”等得名词 1. and he warned that the improve

25、ment iin bilateral relations might be jepardized by a continuation of the war他还警告说，如果战争继续下去，双边关系的改善有可能 受到危害 2. his image as a good student was badly tarnished 他作为一个好学生的形象，已 遭受 到很大的 玷污 3. he was snuffed by the top-ranking officials there 他 受到 那边高级官员们的 冷遇 十 将斜体的形容词译成名词 1. they are going to build a sch

26、ool for the blind and t he deaf 他们将为 盲人 和 聋人 修建一所学校 2. M. Gorky had deep sympathy for the insulted and the injured高尔基对于 受侮辱 的和 受损害的人 有深厚的同情心 3. all the wounded were sent to the hospital right away 全体 伤员 立即送进医院去了一、翻译下列句子，注意增加适当的词 1. how shall i do it?-Just as you wish. 这事我怎么办好？你想 怎么办 ，就 怎么办 2. someti

27、mes their faces froze, sometimes their feet and their hands. 有时他们的脸冻了，有时脚 冻了 ，手 冻了 3. either you do it,or we will get somebody who will 要么你去办，要们我们就派 愿意办的人去办 4. Mr. Morrison took over as Director, Mr. White as Vice Director. 先生当上了（接任）局长， . 当上 了副局长 二、通过增词来表示原文中的含蓄条件句 1. Any leak , even at this late da

28、te, could have tremendous international repercussions只要 稍有泄露，即使时至今日，也会在国际上引起巨大反响 2. They would not have done such a thing without government approva l如果 没有得到政府的同意，他们是不会做这种事的 3. The bridge was painted a dull green color. Under any other circumstances i probably would have found it ugly桥漆成了暗绿色， 要是 在别的

29、情况下，很可能我会觉得它难看 三、通过增词来表达斜体的do（does, did）所代替的意义 1. He did not really represent their opinions to the higher-ups, although he claimed he did他没有真正把他们的意见反映给上级，尽管他说 已经反映过了 2. The guard inside the prison had no guns. But those in the towers did牢房里的狱警不带枪，但嘹望塔内的狱警 是带枪的 3. I tried not to draw too much hope f

30、rom the incident, but despite my resolve, i did我力图不要对这件小事寄予希望，但是尽管有这样的决心，我 还是对此存有奢望 四、通过增词使斜体的抽象名词具体化 1. His arrogance made everyone dislike him 他的傲慢 态度 使谁也不喜欢他 2. Now birth control became a possibillit y . 现在节制生育已成为一种可行的 办法 了 3. the vague restlessnes s since boyhood remained 从小就有的那种模糊的不安定的 状态 依然还存在 4. There had been an ease of international tension 国际紧张 局 势过去曾有所缓和 5. Preparations for the conference had been palured by many problems 会议的筹备 工作 已为