1、阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play
2、a significant role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions. The foods we eatand when and how we eat themare often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural （农村的） and urban areas within one country. Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion （时刻） or at the famil
3、y dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread. Food also plays an important
4、 role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity （兴旺） in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies （预示） success in the New Year for the person wh
5、o receives it. Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-col ored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as
6、 grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity. Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.21.According to the passage, sharing bread_.A. indicates a lack of food B. c
7、an help to develop unityC. is a custom unique to rural areas D. has its roots in birthday celebrations22.The author explains the role of food in celebrations by_.A. using examples B. making comparisonsC. analyzing causes D. describing processes23.What is the passage mainly about?A. The custom of sha
8、ring food. B. The specific meaning of food.C. The role of food in ceremonies. D. The importance of food in culture. B Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee （裁判） and rarely trouble to keep scores. They dont care much about who wins or loses, and it doesnt seem to
9、worry them if the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, so that their personal abilities cannot be directly compare. They also enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stage, the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side sh
10、all start, is almost a game in itself.Grown-ups can hardly find childrens game exciting, and they often feel puzzled at why their kids play such simple game again and again. However, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whet
11、her he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to his turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at s
12、omeone, or to kiss someone he has caught.It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation under their control. Everyone knows the rules, and more importantly, everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance
13、to win.24.What is true about children when they play games? A. They can stop playing any time they like.B. They can test their personal abilities.C. They want to pick a better team.D. They dont need rules.25.To become a leader in a game the child has to _.A. be a useful partnerB. wait for his turnC.
14、 be confident in himselfD. be popular among his playmates26.Why does a child like playing games?A. Because he can be someone other than himself.B. Because he can become popular among friends.C. Because he finds he is always lucky in games.D. Because he likes the place where he plays a game.27.Which
15、is the best title for this passage? A. Rules in Childrens Games B. Advantages of Playing Games for Children C. Reasons for Childrens Games D. How to Be a Popular Game Player C Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting but nerve-racking （神经紧张的）. I had never been to such an amazing nationa
16、l park before, yet I wasnt the most athletic person so I knew that I couldnt stick through all the hiking up and down. It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience. The ride there was definitely long but worth it. As I woke up from my nap, I saw the beautiful scenery of the tall mount
17、ains and beautiful streams. The trails were made nicely for visitors. The waterfalls were breathtaking. Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts. Even though I fell a couple of times, I still have a lot of fun. The fact that my family and I spent so much time together all trying to find out wh
18、ich route to take and what views to watch really brought us closer together. The great thing about nature is that, its just you, the views, and the people around you. Theres nothing there to bother you and its the best way to relax and enjoy yourself. Yosemite has 5 of the worlds highest waterfalls,
19、 and about 300 lakes. The structure of each mountain is incredible; its formed in ways that almost take your breath away. Some of them are of a deep dark color with waterfalls forming; some are formed with spots of green peeking （窥探） out. Its definitely something you wouldnt want to miss. Yosemite i
20、snt the only great National Park but based on my experience I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends. Its a great time to bond, laugh, and take in what Mother Nature offers.28. The author writes the first paragraph mainly to _. A. introduce the topic of this passage B
21、. offer an example to us C. tell us his future plan for hiking D. describe a national park29. While climbing up rocks, the author was _. A. nerve-racking B. injured C. pleased D. worried30. According to the passage, Yosemite _. A. is crowded with visitors every day B. is the only great National Park
22、 C. is worth travelling to D. is nothing but a common destination31. The author suggests us _. A. keeping a good bond with other people B. visiting Yosemite now and then C. trying to protect the environment D. going out to enjoy the beauty of nature DNo one likes to make mistakes. But a new study sa
23、ys organizations learn more from their failures than from their successes, and keep that knowledge longer.One of the researchers was Vinit Desai, an assistant professor at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. He worked with Peter Madsen from the Marriott School of Management at Brigham
24、 Young University in Utah.They did not find much long-term organizational learning from success. It is possible, they say But Professor Desasays they found that knowledge gained from failure lasts for years. He says organizations should treat failures as a learning opportunity and not try to ignore
25、them The study looked at companies and organizations that launch satellites一and other space vehicles. Professor Desai compared two shuttle flightsIn two thousand two, a piece of insulating（隔热的）material broke of, during launch and damaged a rocket on the Atlantis. Still, the flight was considered a s
26、uccess.Then, in early two thousand three, a piece of insulation struck the Columbia during launch.This time, the shuttle broke apart on re-entry and the seven crew members died. NASA officials suspended all flights and an investigation led to suggested changes. Professor Desai says the search for so
27、lutions after a failure can make leaders more open-minded. He points to airlines as an example of an industry that has learned from failures inthe past. He advises organizations to look for useful information in small failures and failures they avoided. He also urges leaders to encourage the open sh
28、aring of information. The study appeared in the Academy of Management Journal The mistakes we learn from do not have to be our own. We recently asked people on our Facebook page to tell us a time they had done something really silly. Fabricio Cmino wrote: Not long ago I wanted to watch TV, but it wo
29、uldnt turn on, so I did everything I could to start it. Thirty minutes later my mum showed up and, passing by, said to meDid you try plugging it? Im just dusting，Mum！”So she wouldnt notice how dumb I am sometimes！ Bruno Kanieski da Silva told about a time he looked everywhere for his key. It was in
30、his pocket. He wrote：I always promise I will never do it again, but after-a few weeks，where is my wallet? For sure it will be in a very logical place. 32. What we get from failure differs from that from success in that_. A. what we learn from failure is more powerful B. what we learn from success do
31、es no good to us C. the knowledge gained from failure is important for a company D. the knowledge gained from failure lasts longer33. From the passage, we can infer that_. A. the insulating material problem in 2002 didnt arouse enough attention B. there were no astronauts on Columbia C. in spite of the pr
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