新视野大学英语读写教程第二册第三版Unit3TextA分析Word文档格式.docx

1、Paras.11-12 The author encourages young people never to give up when facing strong competition.作者鼓励年轻人即便在激烈的竞争中也永不言放弃.2.写作特点本文是一篇典型的说明文,总体的写作特点是通过比较和对照的方式既引出作者所要阐释说明的奥德赛岁月”这一主题,同时又更好的凸显出该主题的标志性特征Text A Journey through the odyssey years奥德赛岁月之旅Title: odyssey dsi n. C1） a series of experiences that tea

2、ch you sth. about yourself or about life 对人生有教益的一连串经历；艰难历程Eg: His odyssey of passion, friendship,love, and revenge was now finished.他的热情、友谊、爱情和复仇的漫长历程,到此结束了 2） a long journey with a lot of adventures or difficulties 漫长的历险旅程 The march to Travnik was the final stretch of a16- hour odyssey.去特拉夫尼克的这段路是长

3、达16小时艰险旅行的最后一程1 Most of us know about the phases of life which we label to parallel different age groups and life stages: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. 我们大多数人都知道，根据不同的年龄和生活阶段，人生可与此平行划分为童年、青春期、成年和老年这四个阶段。1.Phase/feiz/: n.C one of the stages of a process of development or change 阶段；时

4、期eg: Most kids will go through a phase of being faddy about what they ea.大多数孩子都会经历挑食的阶段.As times are changing, were entering a new phase in international relations. 随着时代的变化，我们正进入国际关系的新阶段。【搭配】 phase in分阶段引介:一次一个阶段地引入phase out逐步撤除;一次一个阶段地结束in phase同相out of phase不同相的;不同步的;不协调的【同义】 aspect,side, angle【辨析

5、】这些名词均有“方面”之意.aspect:着重以特定观点对事物进行观察或考虑.side:可与 aspect和 phase换用,但更着重构成事物全貌的一个或多个方面angle:专指从某一角度去观察、考虑事物的某个方面.phase:指可以对事物进行观察或描述或考虑的任何方面.2.label lebl: vt.attach a label onto sth. or write information on sth. 贴标签于；用标签标明 All the products are labelled with comprehensive instructions.所有产品均标有详尽的使用说明Mom ca

6、refully labeled each jar with its content and the date. 妈妈仔细地在每个罐子上标明盛装物和日期。 n. C a piece of paper or other material which gives you information about the object it is fixed to 标签 Remember to put your address labels on your suitcase. 记得在你的箱子上系上你的地址标签。【同义】tag【辨析】tag与 label均含“标签”之意.label: 指上面标明货主姓名、地址

7、及货物名称、重量、尺寸等内容的标签.tag: 多指临时系上的标签3.parallel prlel:1） be equal or similar to sth. 与相当或相似 His career parallels that of his father. 他的事业和他父亲的有相似之处。My best friends experiences parallel mine in many instances. 我最要好朋友的经历在许多情况下都与我的相似。2） be the same distance apart at every point along their whole length 与平行

8、The stream parallels the road for several miles. 小溪与这条路平行数英里。The sun is so far away that you can consider its rays parallel太阳离我们的距离非常远,所以可以将其光线视为平行的.【搭配】 in parallel并行的电并联的;平行的parallel with平行;与比较in parallel with与平行;与parallel processing计并行处理;平行加工parallel connection电并联【同义】 uniform, identical, comparab

9、le,like, alike, similar【辨析】这组形容词都有“相似的,类似的”的意思,其区别是:uniform:指在性质、数量、形态或程度等方面相似到很难看出差异的地步identical:语气最强,可指同一个人或物,也可指数个人或物之间完全没有差别.comparable:指在某一点或几点上有相似之处,可做有限或粗略的对比,尤指在价值或能力等方面可相提并论.like:普通用词,含义广泛,指多个或全部特性都相似,但并非同一个,也可指在某个特殊的地方偶然的相似.alike指事物在性质、特征或外貌上固有的而不是偶然的相似.普通用词,只做表语.similar强调不同的人或事物之间完全或部分相似,

10、暗示可暂不考虑或无视其差异之处.parallel:主要指在外表或在性质上相似到有可以相提并论的程度4.adolescence: n.U the time, usu. between the ages of 12 and 18, when a young person is developing into an adult 青春期 This is another novel about the joys and sorrows of adolescence. 这是另一本有关青春期的欢乐与悲伤的小说。Some young people suddenly become self-conscious

11、and tongue-tied in early adolescence.一些年轻人在青春期早期突然变得害羞结舌【搭配】 early adolescence青年早期;青春初期late adolescence青春晚期extended adolescence延长青年期We think of infancy before childhood and middle age before old age, with each unique phase bringing its own peculiar set of challenges. 我们把这些阶段想象为婴儿在童年之前，中年在老年之前，每个阶段都会

12、面临一系列特有的挑战， MeaningWe sequence the life stages of infancy, childhood, middle age and old age according to their natural order, with each particular life stage facing its own featured challenges【解析】“with+名词代词+现在分词”为独立主格结构,主要做状语,可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等.with之后的名词和其后的现在分词构成主谓关系,其中现在分词表示主动或正在进行的动作.Peculiar pkju

13、:li（r）: a.1） if sth. is peculiar to a particular person, place, or situation, it is a feature that only belongs to that person, or only exists in that place or situation 为某人/某地/某事物所特有的 He likes to do things in his own peculiar way/manner/fashion. 他喜欢用自己特有的方法/方式做事。The problem is by no means peculiar

14、to America.这个问题绝对不只限于美国.This interesting and fascinating custom is peculiar to these tribes. （When peculiar used in this sense, it is often followed by a prepositionto.） 这个有趣和迷人的习俗为这些部落所特有。2） strange, unfamiliar, or a little surprising 奇怪的；异常的 That young woman, wearing a mans hat, looks somewhat pec

15、uliar. 那位年轻女子戴着一顶男人的帽子，看起来有点奇怪。M. Kennet has a rather peculiar sense of humour.肯尼特先生有种很奇怪的幽默感.【同义】（1） characteristic, individual, distinctive （2）odd, strange, eccentric【辨析】（1）第一组形容词均含“特有的,显示特征的”之意.characteristic:侧重指具有区别能力,典型的或本质的事物.individual:指特指的人或物,着重其与众不同,强调可将其区别出的品质与特性.distinctive:突出与众不同的或令人称赞的个

16、性或特征.peculiar;:侧重指某人或某物本身与众不同;也可指种族、民族或性别,着重有其无可争议的特点.（2）第二组形容词均含有“奇怪的,奇异的,新奇的”之意.odd:通常指不规律、偶尔出现的人或事物,往往令人困惑或奇怪.strange:侧重令人奇怪的或独一无二的特性,也指性格特征方面显著的与众不同之处.eccentric:指偏离常规的怪异或怪癖.peculiar:通常指非常特别或能引起注意、研究或探索的奇特.These challenges can be overcome by acquainting ourselves with them, such as the childs nee

17、d to learn, the adults need to find the right career and build a family, and the seniors need for support and good health care. 如孩子对学习的需要，成人对找到合适的职业生涯和建立一个家庭的需要，以及年长者对得到帮助和良好医疗保健的需要。通过对它们的充分了解，我们就可以战胜这些挑战。Meaning By familiarizing ourselves with the particular challenges such as the needs for differe

18、nt age groups: child, adult, and senior, we can surely overcome all these challenges.1.Acquaint kwent:（fml.） give sb. information about sth. 介绍；使认识；使了解 Please acquaint us with your plans as soon as possible. 请尽快将你的计划告诉我们。Have steps been taken to acquaint breeders with their right to apply for licens

19、es?已经采取措施让饲养动物者了解他们申请执照的权利了吗?【词根】 quaint相当于know,表示“知道”ac使+ quaint知道使（人们）知道告知【搭配】 acquaint with熟悉;使认识;了解acquaint entirely完全了解acquaint scarcely知之甚少acquaint imperfectly不完全了解acquaint minutely详细了解acquaint widely交际厂【同义】 inform, notify, advise【辨析】这些动词都有“通知,告知”之意inform:普通用词,指传达事实或信息,或指经过研究或调查而获得的事实或信息.notif

20、y:指正式通知需要注意的事情.advise:指正式通知某件重要事情,所通知的事情与被通知的人有关acquaint:指提供有关信息或情况使某人熟悉某些过程或复杂的情况.2.acquaint oneself with sth.: make an effort to learn about sth. 使自己了解某事；使自己知悉某事 I want to acquaint myself with your strengths and weaknesses.我想知道你有哪些长处以及不足.If you want to travel abroad, its worth your time and effort

21、 to acquaint yourself with the customs and social conventions of the countries you plan to visit. 如果你想出国旅行，花些时间和精力去了解你计划去的那些国家的习惯和社会习俗是值得的。2 Interestingly, ideas about the stages of life are changing. 有趣的是，关于人生阶段的观念正在发生变化。3 In previous times, people didnt have a solid idea of childhood as being sepa

22、rate from adulthood. 在先前的年代，人们并没有一种固有的把童年和成年分开的想法。 1.Previous:（only before noun） having happened or existed before the event, time, or thing that you are talking about now 以前的；先前的 He has two daughters from a previous marriage. 他在前一次婚姻中育有两个女儿。He has no previous convictions.他没有前科.【搭配】 previous to在以前pr

23、evious year前一年previous generation前代;当代previous row前一行;前段previous page上一页,前一页;返回上一级菜单previous column游标移至上一列;前一列previous education最后学历previous balance上期账单余额;上期余额【同义】foregoing, preceding,prior, former【辨析】这些形容词均可表示“在前的”之意foregoing:指前所述的,是 following的反义词.preceding:特指时间和地位上紧接在前.prior:与 previous同义,常可换用,但 pr

24、ior有时强调更大的重要性,对比意味强.former: the former与 the latter语义相对,互为反义词,比 prior更着重对比.previous:指时间上、顺序上较早的,或指正在谈论的某事的前一个2.adulthood dlthd: 不可数名词 the state of being an adult 成年A hundred years ago, no one thought of adolescence. 一百年前，谁也没有想到过青春期。Adolescence dlesns: 不可数名词 the time in a persons life when he or she d

25、evelops from a child into an adult青春期；青春Until recently it was understood as a norm that their induction to adulthood was completed as soon as they graduated from college. 直到最近，人们还很自然地认为：只要他们一从大学毕业，他们的成人入门阶段就结束了。MeaningPeople used to consider it normal: As soon as students graduated from college, they would become part of the adult community and find a practical and a reliable job toward a career.Induction ndkn:C, U the introduction of sb. into a new job, company, official position, etc., or the ceremony at which this is done 就职；入门；就职仪式