宾语从句Word格式文档下载.docx

1、3） 名词性从句 包括表语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句、主语从句等。a） 主语从句 句子作主语 His job is important. What he does is very important.b） 表语从句 句子作表语This is his job. This is what he does everyday.c） 同位语从句 句子作同位语The news is very exciting. We won the game.The news that we won the game is very exciting.定语从句一、 定义:置于动词、介词等词后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

2、a） 谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、v-ing均可接宾语从句。b） 有些形容词如afraid、sure、glad之后也可接宾语从句。二、 引导词引导词包括：连词：that（可省略）、whetherif 连接代词：who、whose、what、which连接副词：when、how、why1. 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that，that无义，且在句子中不作句子成分。I know him. He is a teacher.I know （that） he is a teacher. The teacher told us. The earth moves around the sun.The

3、teacher told us （that） the earth moves around the sun.通常情况下，that可以省略，但是下列情况that不可以省略。a. 如果that引导的是几个表示并列关系的宾语从句时，最后一个that不能够省略。e.g. I know （that） Tom comes from French and that he teaches in Guilin now.b. 主从句中间有插入语时，that不宜省略。e.g. it says here, on this card, that men used it in plays.2. 一般疑问句变成宾语从句时，

4、由whether和if 引导，译为“是否”，不能够省略。一般疑问句作宾语从时，语序需改成陈述语序。Whether和if 引导的宾语从句常在ask、wonder、cancould you tell me、lets see等后面.Is there a bank beside the store? I wonder.I wonder whether /if there is a bank beside the store?Could I pass the exam? Could you tell me?Could you tell me whether /if I could pass the ex

5、am?Could you find out something useful? He asked.He asked whether/if I could find out something useful.注意 只能用whether不能用if的情况：a. 在介词的后面。 Im thinking of whether we should go fishing.We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.b. 在动词不定式的前面。They asked me whether to go shopping.c. 当与or not 连用或者提出两

6、种选择时。I dont know whether he is free or not.Tell me whether you would like to go shopping or clean the room.d. 宾语从句如果是否定句，只用whether不用if。I dont care whether it doesnt rain. 练一练 用适当的连词（that、 whether、if）填空。1. I asked her （ ） she had a bike .2. Were worried about （ ）he is safe.3. I wonder （ ）he is well.4

7、. I dont know （ ）he is well or not.5. I dont know （ ）to go. 6. I dont know （ ） to accept or refuse.7. We havent decided （ ）to go there.8. My teacher said （ ）I was a good boy.9. I am sure （ ）he will succeed.10. I know （ ） she is a teacher and （ ）she is from Australia. 11. Do you know （ ）Kate gets up

8、early.12. It depends on （ ） it is going rain.13. Let me know （ ）you can come or not.3. 特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时，原句的特殊疑问词在从句中作引导词，成为连接代词（what、who、whose、which）和连接副词的（when、where、how、why）。特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，需要将原来的语序改成陈述语序。a. Where do you live? He asked. He asked where I lived.b. How can they get to the post office?He aske

9、d how they could get to the post office.c. Whose book was that? Mr. Wang asked.Mr. Wang asked Whose book that was?d. When should we meet again? He didnt tell me.He didnt tell me when we should meet again.e. Who will teach us?I wonder who will teach us.f. What do your father do? My teacher asked me.M

10、y teacher asked me what your father did.带how 的词组也可以引导宾语从句:g. How much does it cost to fly to Hainan? Could you tell me.Could you tell me how much it costs to fly to Hainan.h. How old is your brother? I want to know.I want to know how old your brother is. 此外，还有how often|、how long、how far、how many、how

11、 soon. 练一练 用适当的how 词组填空。1. Please tell me （ ）you will be ready.2. Please tell us （ ）students there are in your school?3. Could you tell us （ ）you visit your grandmother in a month.4. I want to know （ ）the meeting will last.5. I dont know （ ）it is to the cinema from here。三、 语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序: 连接词+主语+谓语+

12、其他成分1. When will he go to the library? He asks.He asks when will he go to the library? （F） 主语 谓语 其他He asks when he will go to the library? c 主句 从句2. What does he want to buy? I dont know.I dont know what does he want to buy?I dont know what he wants to buy? （T）练一练 句子改写：将简单句改写成宾语从句。1. Who are we goin

13、g to meet? Can you tell me?2. Does he know French?3. Will they go to the Canada in summer? They are not sure.4. I wonder where should we go next?5. Do you know Why does he stay up so late?6. How can I get to the station? 当宾语从句的原句为以下句子时，句子语序不变。 Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? 等。四、 时态1

14、. 如果主句是现在时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时等）从句的时态可根据实际的情况而定。 Jim went to work an hour ago. Jim went to work an hour ago. He is interested in English. 宾语从句 He is interested in English.原句 She will come tomorrow. I hear that She will come tomorrow. Tom has been to London twice. Tom has been to London twice 2. 如果主

15、句的谓语动词是过去时态，宾语从句通常也要用过去的某种时态。 He is interested in English. 宾语从句 He was interested in English.原句 She will come tomorrow. He said that She would come tomorrow. Tom has been to London twice. Tom had been to London twice.3. 当宾语从句表示的是客观真理时，宾语从句的时态不受主句时态的限制，仍旧一般现在时。He told me that the earth moves around t

16、he sun.He told me that summer is after spring.The teacher told us the sun rises in the east. 注意: could /would 表示的是委婉语气，不是过去时，因此从句时态根据不同的情况用不同的时态。 e.g. could you please tell me where we show our tickets? Would you like to know when he will come back?a. These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.b. Lig

17、ht travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.c. Can they speak French? I want to know. d. How many people can you see in the picture. Who knows?e. Where did she park her car？ Do you know?五、 总结宾 that （陈述句，无义，可省略）语 引导词 if /whether （一般疑问句）从 特殊疑问词 （特殊疑问句）句 主句为现在时态，从句可为任何时态。三 时态 主句为过去时态，从句为过去的某种时态。要

18、客观真理，时态不变。素 语序 宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序。六、 经典例题1. The teacher asks us （ ）Jim can come back on time.A. that B. if C. when D. what time2. Does anyone know （ ）we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.A. if B. where C. whether D. that3. Let me tell you.A. how much is the car. B. how much does the car cost

19、. C. how much did I pay for the car. D. how much I spent on the car 4. Please tell me （ ）.A. What does he like. B. What he does like. C. What he likes. D. What he like. Find out the mistakes and correct.a. Could you tell me where do they live.b. She knew that Danny is a student.c. He told me that wi

20、nter was after autumn.d. Do you know who car it is. Choose the right answer.1. Could you tell me how long （ ）the book?A I can keep B. can I borrow C. I can borrow. D. can I keep2. I want to know （ ）yesterday?A. why did you come late B. why you came late C. why do you come late D. why you come late 3

21、. Could you tell me （ ） tomorrow morning? -well, it will start at 9:00.A. When the meeting will start B. Where will the meeting start C. Where the meeting startD. When will the meeting start4. Can you tell me （ ）?A. What will we do B. We will do whatC. What we will do D. Will we do what 5. Do you know （ ）for shanghai last night? -At 9:A. What time he leavesB. What time does he leave C. What time he leftD. What time did he leaveTranslate a） 我想知道你喜欢什么颜色。b） 你能告诉我你住哪吗？c） 玛丽想知道你能否帮助她？d） Danny 说他明天出发去上海。e） 我想汤姆已经完成作业了。