全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 英语二真题.docx

1、全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 英语二真题2021 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Its not difficult to set targets forstaff. It is much harder,1 , tounderstand theirnegative

2、consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components.2 one andthe others become distorted.Travel on a London bus and youll3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people geton and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying?Of course! Are th

3、ere inspectors to4that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. Andpeople who run for the bus? They are5. How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost asfrequently as cyclists.Why?Because thetargetis6. Peoplecomplained that buses werelate andinfrequent.7,thenumberof buses and bus lanes were increas

4、ed, anddriverswere8or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. Butthey9hit cyclists. If the target was changed to10, you would have more inspectorsandmoresensitivepricing.Ifthecriterionchangedto safety, you would getmore11drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both thes

5、e criteria would be at the expense oftime.There is another12: people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Haveyou13that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Ofcourse not! Airlines have simply changed the time a14is meant to take. A one-hourflight is n

6、ow billed as a two-hour flight.The15of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria.Choose one criterion and you may well16others. Everything can be done faster andmade cheaper, but there is a17. Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negativeconsequences.This is

7、 not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploringconsequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria18critical factors suchas time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to19just one oreven two dimensions of the objective,butalso to und

8、erstandhow tohelp peoplebetter20the objective.1.A thereforeB againC moreoverD however2.A IdentifyB AssessC EmphasizeD Explain3.A curiouslyB quicklyC eagerlyD nearly4.A checkB proveC recallD claim5.A threatenedB mockedC ignoredD blamed6.A hospitalityB competitionC punctualityD innovation7.A YetB Besi

9、desC StillD So8.A rewardedB trainedC groupedD hired9.A ratherB alsoC suspiciousD only10.A comfortB efficiencyC securityD revenue11.A cautiousB quietC diligentD friendly12.A purposeB prejudiceC policyD problem13.A revealedB noticedC admittedD reported14.A breakB departureC transferD trip15.A moralB b

10、ackgroundC styleD form16.A sacrificeB criticizeC tolerateD interpret17.A secretB costC productD task18.A relating toB calling forC accounting forD leading to19.A predictB restoreC specifyD create20. A review B achieve C present D modifySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the follow

11、ing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Reskilling is something that sounds like a buzzword but is actually a requirement if we plan to have a future where a lot of would-be workers do not get left behind.

12、 We know we are moving into a period where the jobs in demand will change rapidly, as will the requirements of the jobs that remain. Research by the World Economic Forum detailed in the Harvard Business Review, finds that on average 42 percent of the “core skills” within job roles will change by 2022. That is a very short timeline, so we can only imagine what the changes will be further in the future.The question of who should pay for reskilling is a thorny one. For individual companies, the temptation is always to let