高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、B.The bad effect of plastic pollution cant be seen by eyes.C.The United States is the least plastic polluters.D.The plastic pollution to oceans is more serious than what we can see.（2）What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3?Pollutants like heavy metals and medicines.The plastic pa

2、rticles.Seafood.Fatty tissues.（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?All Asian countries have the most serious problem of plastic pollution.The plastic problem hasnt attracted the worlds attention.Andersen is not satisfied with what has been done to solve the plastic problem,People should s

3、top using plastic products immediately.（4）Which may be the title of the passage?Plastic pollution in the World.Plastic pollutionOceansDisaster.Ways to solve the problem of plastic pollution to oceans.Plastic pollution and our health.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋导致的影响。 （1）细节理解题。根

4、据第一段第三句：And Julie Andersen of the Plastic Oceans Foundation says what we see is just the tip of the problem. 可知，塑料海洋基金会的朱莉安德森说，我们看到的只是问题的冰山一角。故可推测塑料对海洋的污染比我们所看到的更严重，故选D。 （2）词义猜测题。根据The pieces of the plastic garbage infect the food chain，sometimes visibly，and more so at the microscopic level，where th

5、e plastic particles interact with other pollutants. There are heavy metals，medicines，industrial waste in the sea，while it acts like magnets（磁铁）. 可知，塑料垃圾碎片在微观层面感染食物链，有时是明显的，塑料颗粒与其他污染物相互作用. 海洋中有重金属，药物，工业废物，使其像磁铁一样. it指代的是塑料颗粒。故选B。 （3）推理判断题。根据But Andersen says there is more that people can do. Cut back

6、 on single-use plastics，straws，plastic cups，plastic water bottles，plastic bags and find alternatives like reusable materials. She says healthy oceans are essential to our survival. 可知，安德森说人们还可以做更多事情来预防污染，可推测出安德森对于目前解决塑料问题所做的工作不满意。故选C。 （4）主旨大意题。阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了塑料污染海洋灾害。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和

7、主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to read human personalities. The eyes, they say, are the windows t

8、o the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots powered by sophisticated（复杂的）artificial intelligence algorithms（算法）may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers

9、based at the University of South Australia and Published in the scientific Journal Frontiers in Neuroscience. Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality, wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team follows 42 s

10、tudy subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determines their personality traits（特点）with well-established questionnaires for determining personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.The researchers fed the data into their

11、 Al algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a persons major personality traits, such as neuroticism, extraversion（外向），agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as perceptual（感知的）curiosity, the scientists wrote.The n

12、ew findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines, Loetscher said.People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Todays robots and computers

13、are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non-verbal information, Loetscher said in a statement quoted by Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals.The study revealed

14、 previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britains Daily Mail newspaper.（1）What do the underlined words peer into in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.understandB.stare atC.search forD.concern about（2）How

15、 did the researchers conduct the research?A.It was carried out in a lab.B.42 subjects eye movements were recorded.C.The students daily movements were tracked.D.Its subjects personalities were determined by computer.（3）According to Tobias Loetscher, what can we know?A.Robots and computers are sociall

16、y conscious.B.People care less about improved, personalized services.C.Todays robots and computers can accustom to non-verbal information.D.The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Human Personality TraitsB.What Human

17、 Eye Movements AreC.Tell Personalities by Eye Movements.D.How Humans and Machines Interact【答案】 （1）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。 （1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul.”人们说眼睛是心灵的窗户。可知，划线词组所在句的句意为“如果这是真的，由复杂的人工智能算法驱动的计算机和机器人可能很快就

18、能探究你的灵魂。”故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“whose team follows 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determines their personality traits（特点）with for determining personality type,”该研究小组在大学校园内对42名研究对象进行了观察，记录他们的眼球运动，然后用“成熟的问题”来确定他们的性格特征）可知，研究人员通过记录42名研究对象的眼球运动来进行这项研究的。

19、 （3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines”这项新发现可能会改善人类与电脑和其他高科技设备，甚至是机器人的互动方式，从而使人类与机器进行更自然、更现实的社会互动成为可能）可知，这一发现将改善人类和机器之间的互动

20、。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究发现由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Several years ago, I began asking my friends and family to tell me something about their passwords. Yes, I understand why pa

21、sswords are universally hated: the pressure they put on our memory and the endless demand to update them. I hate them too. But there is more to passwords than their annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so that we can remember them, they take on secret lives.There was a former prisoner whose

22、 password includes what used to be his prison ID number to constantly tell him not to go back. And there was a childless 45-year-old woman whose password is the name of the baby she lost in her 25 （her way of trying to keep him alive, I guess）.Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several people sai

23、d they used incorrect for theirs so that when they forgot it, the software automatically promoted them with the right one （your password is incorrect）.Some passwords were striking for their uniqueness. After reading Sheryl Sandbergs book Lean in: Women, Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a runn

24、ing partner of mine, found her role model and began using Wwssdol9, which stood for What would Sheryl Sandberg do plus 19 for the year （2019） of the passwords creation. TnsitTpsif was the password of another friend, a computer scientist who loves wordplay. It stood for The next sentence is true. The

25、 previous sentence is false. For my friend, it was a playful reference to the knots that language can tie.The 4622 that my wife used in her passwords was not just the address of her fathers childhood home but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently, when the former 120 kg football standout was a small boy, he had to sing his home address （4622 South 28th West Avenue） in one full breath rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his stutter （口吃） would embarrass him.（1）Why did the pr