高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析Word文档下载推荐.docx

高考必刷题英语阅读理解题及解析Word文档下载推荐.docx

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B. 

Thebadeffectofplasticpollutioncan'

tbeseenbyeyes.

C. 

TheUnitedStatesistheleastplasticpolluters.

D. 

Theplasticpollutiontooceansismoreseriousthanwhatwecansee.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph3?

Pollutantslikeheavymetalsandmedicines. 

Theplasticparticles.

Seafood. 

Fattytissues.

（3）Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

AllAsiancountrieshavethemostseriousproblemofplasticpollution.

Theplasticproblemhasn'

tattractedtheworld'

sattention.

Andersenisnotsatisfiedwithwhathasbeendonetosolvetheplasticproblem,

Peopleshouldstopusingplasticproductsimmediately.

（4）Whichmay 

bethetitleofthepassage?

PlasticpollutionintheWorld.

Plasticpollution—Oceans'

Disaster.

Waystosolvetheproblemofplasticpollutiontooceans.

Plasticpollutionandourhealth.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

主要讲述了塑料污染对海洋导致的影响。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段第三句：

AndJulieAndersenofthePlasticOceansFoundationsayswhatweseeisjustthetipoftheproblem.可知，塑料海洋基金会的朱莉·

安德森说，我们看到的只是问题的冰山一角。

故可推测塑料对海洋的污染比我们所看到的更严重，故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据Thepiecesoftheplasticgarbageinfectthefoodchain，sometimesvisibly，andmoresoatthemicroscopiclevel，wheretheplasticparticlesinteractwithotherpollutants."

Thereareheavymetals，medicines，industrialwasteinthesea，whileitactslikemagnets（磁铁）.可知，塑料垃圾碎片在微观层面感染食物链，有时是明显的，塑料颗粒与其他污染物相互作用.海洋中有重金属，药物，工业废物，使其像磁铁一样.it指代的是塑料颗粒。

故选B。

（3）推理判断题。

根据ButAndersensaysthereismorethatpeoplecando."

Cutbackonsingle-useplastics，straws，plasticcups，plasticwaterbottles，plasticbagsandfindalternativeslikereusablematerials."

Shesayshealthyoceansareessentialtooursurvival.可知，安德森说人们还可以做更多事情来预防污染，可推测出安德森对于目前解决塑料问题所做的工作不满意。

故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。

阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了塑料污染海洋灾害。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：

段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Anewstudyhasshownhowcomputersandrobotspoweredbyartificialintelligencecanreadhumaneyemovementsto"

read"

humanpersonalities.

Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.Andifthatistrue,computersandrobotspoweredbysophisticated（复杂的）artificialintelligencealgorithms（算法）maysoonhavetheabilitytopeerintoyoursoul.Thatistheresultofanewstudyontheconnectionbetweeneyemovementsandpersonality,conductedbyneuroscienceresearchersbasedattheUniversityofSouthAustraliaandPublishedinthescientificJournalFrontiersinNeuroscience.

"

Eyemovementsduringaneverydaytaskpredictaspectsofourpersonality,"

wrotetheresearchers,ledbyUniversityofSouthAustralianeuroscientistTobiasLoetscher,whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits（特点）with"

well-establishedquestionnaires"

fordeterminingpersonalitytype,accordingtoasummaryofthestudypublishedbythesiteScienceDaily.

TheresearchersfedthedataintotheirAlalgorithmsandfoundthatcomputersrunningthealgorithmswereabletorecordhumaneyemovementsandimmediatelydetermineaperson'

smajorpersonalitytraits,suchas"

neuroticism,extraversion（外向），agreeableness,conscientiousness,aswellasperceptual（感知的）curiosity"

thescientistswrote.

Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines,"

Loetschersaid.

Peoplearealwayslookingforimproved,personalizedservices.Today'

srobotsandcomputersarenotsociallyawaresotheycannotadapttonon-verbalinformation,"

LoetschersaidinastatementquotedbyIndianExpress.Thisresearchprovidesopportunitiestodeveloprobotsandcomputerssothattheycanbecomemorenatural,andbetteratinterpretinghumansocialsignals."

Thestudyrevealedpreviouslyundiscoveredrelationsbetweenspecificpersonalitycharacteristicsandspecificeyemovementtendencies,accordingtoasummaryinBritain'

sDailyMailnewspaper.

（1）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"

peerinto"

inParagraph2probablymean?

A.understand

B.stareat

C.searchfor

D.concernabout

（2）Howdidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?

A.Itwascarriedoutinalab.

B.42subjects'

eyemovementswererecorded.

C.Thestudents'

dailymovementsweretracked.

D.Itssubjects'

personalitiesweredeterminedbycomputer.

（3）AccordingtoTobiasLoetscher,whatcanweknow?

A.Robotsandcomputersaresociallyconscious.

B.Peoplecarelessaboutimproved,personalizedservices.

C.Today'

srobotsandcomputerscanaccustomtonon-verbalinformation.

D.Thediscoverywillimprovetheinteractionbetweenhumanbeingsandmachines.

（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.HumanPersonalityTraits

B.WhatHumanEyeMovementsAre

C.TellPersonalitiesbyEyeMovements.

D.HowHumansandMachinesInteract

【答案】

（1）A

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。

（1）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Theeyes,theysay,arethewindowstothesoul.”人们说眼睛是心灵的窗户。

可知，划线词组所在句的句意为“如果这是真的，由复杂的人工智能算法驱动的计算机和机器人可能很快就能探究你的灵魂。

”故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“whoseteamfollows42studysubjectsaroundtheuniversitycampusrecordingtheireyemovements,thendeterminestheirpersonalitytraits（特点）with"

fordeterminingpersonalitytype,”该研究小组在大学校园内对42名研究对象进行了观察，记录他们的眼球运动，然后用“成熟的问题”来确定他们的性格特征）可知，研究人员通过记录42名研究对象的眼球运动来进行这项研究的。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第六段中的“Thenewfindingscouldimprovethewayhumanbeingsinteractwiththeircomputersandotherhigh-techdevices,evenrobots,allowingformorenaturalandrealisticsocialinteractionswithmachines”这项新发现可能会改善人类与电脑和其他高科技设备，甚至是机器人的互动方式，从而使人类与机器进行更自然、更现实的社会互动成为可能）可知，这一发现将改善人类和机器之间的互动。

故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究发现——由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Severalyearsago,Ibeganaskingmyfriendsandfamilytotellmesomethingabouttheirpasswords.Yes,Iunderstandwhypasswordsareuniversallyhated:

thepressuretheyputonourmemoryandtheendlessdemandtoupdatethem.Ihatethemtoo.Butthereismoretopasswordsthantheirannoyance.Inthefactthatweconstructthemsothatwecanrememberthem,theytakeonsecretlives.

TherewasaformerprisonerwhosepasswordincludeswhatusedtobehisprisonIDnumbertoconstantlytellhimnottogoback.Andtherewasachildless45-year-oldwomanwhosepasswordisthenameofthebabyshelostinher25（herwayoftryingtokeephimalive,Iguess）.

Sometimesthepasswordswereplayful.Severalpeoplesaidtheyused"

incorrect"

fortheirssothatwhentheyforgotit,thesoftwareautomaticallypromotedthemwiththerightone（"

yourpasswordisincorrect"

）.

Somepasswordswerestrikingfortheiruniqueness.AfterreadingSherylSandberg'

sbookLeanin:

Women,WorkandtheWilltoLead,CortniKerr,arunningpartnerofmine,foundherrolemodelandbeganusing"

Wwssdol9"

whichstoodfor"

WhatwouldSherylSandbergdo"

plus"

19"

fortheyear（2019）ofthepassword'

screation."

TnsitTpsif"

wasthepasswordofanotherfriend,acomputerscientistwholoveswordplay.Itstoodfor"

Thenextsentenceistrue.Theprevioussentenceisfalse"

.Formyfriend,itwasaplayfulreferencetotheknotsthatlanguagecantie.

The4622thatmywifeusedinherpasswordswasnotjusttheaddressofherfather'

schildhoodhomebutalsoareminderofhisstrength.Apparently,whentheformer120kgfootballstandoutwasasmallboy,hehadtosinghishomeaddress（4622South28thWestAvenue）inonefullbreathratherthantrytosayitnormally.Otherwise,hisstutter（口吃）wouldembarrasshim.

（1）Whydidthepr