湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练5Word格式文档下载.docx

1、D. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered答案：C。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A项；公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除B项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除D项，同时也能知道C项是正确的。2What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity.C. Grinding wheat into flour. D. Pumpin

2、g water from underground.B。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。3One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that _.A. wind power is cleanerB. it is one of the oldest power sourcesC. it was cheaper to create energy from windD. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needsA

3、。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。4What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A. The advantages of wind power.B. The design of wind power plants.C. The worldwide movement to save energy.D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，

4、表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March in Psychology and Aging, examined health and we

5、lfare surveys from roughly 40，000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.Survey respondents （受访者） were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10, among other questions.The researchers found that young adults （ag

6、e 18 to 39） routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction, while middleaged adults （age 40 to 64） more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older, however, were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more sat

7、isfied than they thought they would, the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio （比率） of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk o

8、f death within the following decade，” wrote Frieder RLang, a professor at the University of ErlangenNuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may

9、encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions （预防措施），” the authors wrote.Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.Also,

10、 the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to their conclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear.“

11、We found that from early to late adulthood, individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic, to accurate, to pessimistic，” the authors concluded.67According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?AOptimistic adults. BMid

12、dleaged adults.CAdults in poor health. DAdults of lower income.68Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people _Ato fully enjoy their present lifeBto estimate their contribution accuratelyCto take measures against potential risksDto value health more highly than wealth69How do peopl

13、e of higher income see their future?AThey will earn less money.BThey will become pessimistic.CThey will suffer mental illness.DThey will have less time to enjoy life.70What is the clear conclusion of the study?APessimism guarantees chances of survival.BGood financial condition leads to good health.C

14、Medical treatment determines health outcomes.DExpectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.【要点综述】 本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。在研究中，研究人员发现，年轻人对未来过于乐观，中年人对未来的预测很准确，而老年人相对低估。随着年龄的增长，人们对未来的预测越来越现实。67B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“while middleaged adults （age 40 to 64） more accurately predicted how

15、 they would feel in the future.”知，中年人对未来预测得更准确。故B正确。68C 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions ”知，对未来悲观的人可能在行动时更小心、更谨慎。句中的be more careful about与take measures against potential risks一致。故C正确。69A 细节理解题。根据第八段中的“respondents who enjoyed good he

16、alth or income were associated with expecting a greater decline.”知，身体好、收入高的人认为，他们的收入在未来将会下降，即挣的钱少了。故A正确。70D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的内容可知，研究人员认为有一点很清楚：从少年到成年，每个人都在调整自己对未来生活的满意度，从乐观，到适度到悲观。故D正确。Too much TV-watching can harm childrens ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, ne

17、w studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs. A se

18、cond study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood. But the results dont prove that TV is the cause and dont ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters （年轻人）may watch lots of TV. Their study

19、measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an average of less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2 1/2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school. In the California study, chi

20、ldren with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldnt have TVs in thei

21、r bedrooms. （ ） 1. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _. A. have watched a lot of TV B. not be interested ted in math C. be unable to go to college D. have had computers in their bedrooms （ ） 2. What is the researchers understanding of the New Zealand study results? A. Po

22、orly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV. B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest. C. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds. D. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain （ ） 3. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. More ti

23、me should be spent on computers. B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C. IV sets shouldnt be allowed in childrens bedrooms. D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done. （ ） 4. What would be the best title for this text?A. Computers or Television B. Effects of Television

24、 on Children C. Studies on TV and College EducationD. Television and Childrens Learning Habits 1. A.细节理解题.根据第二段中 Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.可得出答案. 2. D. 细节理解题. 根据第三段 But the results don prove that

25、 TV is the cause and dont ride t out that already poorly motivated youngsters （年轻人）may watch lots of TV.可以确定答案. 3. C.推理判断题.注意最后一段开头的 while 是尽管的意思,所以这两段都是围绕儿 童卧室不应该放电视机的问题. 4. B.主旨大意题.通读全文可知,文章主要通过两项研究分析了儿童看电视所造成的 影响.文章第一段第一句话是主题句,所以 B 项作为标题是最佳的. 【四川省凉山州2014第二次诊断性测试】阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

26、将该项涂黑。Rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change, andnow a new study has confirmed that atmospheric CO2 is also affecting the ocean chemistry andpotentially harming sea life. Montana State University scientist Robert Dore has been researching the water in the PacificOcean for almost two decades. Weve been going to the same spot in the Pacific Ocean, and wetry and characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment. And one of the key thingsthat we measure is COx levels. And Weve been able to record this increasing quant