湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练5Word格式文档下载.docx

湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练5Word格式文档下载.docx

《湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练5Word格式文档下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练5Word格式文档下载.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

D.haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered

答案：

C。

细节理解题。

由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A项；

公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除B项；

由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除D项，同时也能知道C项是正确的。

2．Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelatel9thcentury?

A.Sailingaboat.B.Producingelectricity.

C.Grindingwheatintof

lour.D.Pumpingwaterfromunderground.

B。

由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。

3．Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat________.

A.windpoweriscleaner

B.itisoneoftheoldestpowersources

C.itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwind

D.thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds

A。

主旨大意题。

由文章最后一段可知。

4．Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?

A.Theadvantagesofwindpower.

B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.

C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.

D.Theglobaltrendtow

ardsproducingpowerfromwind.

D。

推理判断题。

文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。

AGermanstudysuggeststhatpeoplewhoweretoooptimisticabouttheirfutureactuallyfacedgreaterriskofdisabilityordeathwithin10yearsthanthosepessimistswhoexpectedtheirfuturetobeworse.

Thepaper,publishedthisMarchinPsychologyandAging,examinedhealthandwelfaresurveysfromroughly40，000Germansbetweenages18and96.Thesurveyswereconductedeveryyearfrom1993to2003.

Surveyrespondents（受访者）wereaskedtoestimatetheirpresentandfuturelifesatisfactiononascaleof0to10,amongotherquestions.

Theresearchersfoundthatyoungadults（age18to39）routinelyoverestimatedtheirfuturelifesatisfaction,whilemiddle－agedadults（age40to64）moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.Adultsof65andolder,however,werefarmorelikelytounderestimatetheirfuturelifesatisfaction.Notonlydidtheyfeelmoresatisfiedthantheythoughttheywould,theolderpessimistsseemedtosufferalowerratio（比率）ofdisabilityanddeathforthestudyperiod.

“Weobservedthatbeingtoooptimisticinpredictingabetterfuturethanactuallyobservedwasassociatedwithagreaterriskofdisabilityandagreaterriskofdeathwithinthefollowingdecade，”wroteFriederR．Lang,aprofessorattheUniversityofErlangen－Nuremberg.

Langandhiscolleaguesbelievedthatpeoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractionsthanpeoplewhoexpectedarosyfuture.

“Seeingadarkfuturemayencouragepositiveevaluationsoftheactualselfandmaycontributetotakingimprovedprecautions（预防措施），”theauthorswrote.

Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.

Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.Illness,medicaltreatmentandpersonallosscouldalsohavedrivenhealthoutcomes.

However,theresearcherssaidapatternwasclear.“Wefoundthatfromearlytolateadulthood,individualsadapttheirexpectationsoffuturelifesatisfactionfromoptimistic,toaccurate,topessimistic，”theauthorsconcluded.

67．Accordingtothestudy,whomadethemostaccuratepredictionoftheirfuturelifesatisfaction?

A．Optimisticadults.

B．Middle－agedadults.

C．Adultsinpoorhealth.

D．Adultsoflowerincome.

68．Pessimismmaybepositiveinsomewaybecauseitcausespeople________．

A．tofullyenjoytheirpresentlife

B．toestimatetheircontributionaccurately

C．totakemeasuresagainstpotentialrisks

D．tovaluehealthmorehighlythanwealth

69．Howdopeopleofhigherincomeseetheirfuture?

A．Theywillearnlessmoney.

B．Theywillbecomepessimistic.

C．Theywillsuffermentalillness.

D．Theywillhavelesstimetoenjoylife.

70．Whatistheclearconclusionofthestudy?

A．Pessimismguaranteeschancesofsurvival.

B．Goodfinancialconditionleadstogoodhealth.

C．Medicaltreatmentdetermineshealthoutcomes.

D．Expectationsoffuturelifesatisfactiondeclinewithage.

【要点综述】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述对未来过于乐观的人将面对残疾或死亡的巨大危险。

在研究中，研究人员发现，年轻人对未来过于乐观，中年人对未来的预测很准确，而老年人相对低估。

随着年龄的增长，人们对未来的预测越来越现实。

67．B　细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“…whilemiddle－agedadults（age40to64）moreaccuratelypredictedhowtheywouldfeelinthefuture.”知，中年人对未来预测得更准确。

故B正确。

68．C　细节理解题。

根据第六段中的“…peoplewhowerepessimisticabouttheirfuturemaybemorecarefulabouttheiractions…”知，对未来悲观的人可能在行动时更小心、更谨慎。

句中的bemorecarefulabout与takemeasuresagainstpotentialrisks一致。

故C正确。

69．A　细节理解题。

根据第八段中的“…respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.”知，身体好、收入高的人认为，他们的收入在未来将会下降，即挣的钱少了。

故A正确。

70．D　推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的内容可知，研究人员认为有一点很清楚：

从少年到成年，每个人都在调整自己对未来生活的满意度，从乐观，到适度到悲观。

故D正确。

ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren'

sabilitytolearnandevenreducetheirchancesofgettingacollegedegree,newstudiessuggestinthelatestefforttoexaminetheeffectsoftelevisiononchildren.Oneofthestudieslookedatnearly400northernCaliforniathird-graders.ThosewithTVsintheirbedroomsscoredabouteightpointsloweronmathandlanguageartsteststhanchildrenwithoutbedroomTVs.Asecondstudy,lookingatnearly1000grown-upsinNewZealand,foundlowereducationlevelsamong26-year–oldswhohadwatchedlotsofTVduringchildhood.Buttheresultsdon'

tprovethatTVis

thecauseanddon'

trideoutthatalreadypoorlymotivatedyoungsters（年轻人）maywatchlotsofTV.Thei

r

studymeasuredtheTVhabitsof26-year-oldsbetweenages5and15.ThesewithcollegedegreeshadwatchanaverageoflessthantwohoursofTVperweeknightduringchildhood,comparedwithanaverageofmorethan21/2hou

rsforthosewhohadnoed

ucationbeyondhighschool.IntheCaliforniastudy,childrenwithTVsintheirroomsbutnocomputerathomescoredthelowestwhilethosewithnobedroomTVbutwhohadhomecomputersscoredthehighest.Whilethisstudydoesnotprovethatbedroom

TVsetscausedthelowerscores,itaddstoaccumulatingfindingsthatchildrenshouldn'

thaveTVs

intheirbedrooms.

（）1.AccordingtotheCaliforniastudy,thelow-scoringgroupmight_________.

A.havewatchedalot

ofTVB.notbeinterestedtedinmath

C.beunabletogotocollegeD.havehadcomputersintheirbedrooms

（）2.Whatistheresearchers'

understandingoftheNewZealandstudyresults?

A.Poorlymotivated26-year-oldswatchmoreTV.

B.HabitsofTVwatchingreducelearninginterest.

C.TVwatchingleadstolowereducationlevelsofthe15-year-olds.

D.TheconnectionbetweenTVandeducationlevelsisdifficulttoexplain

（）3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Moretimeshouldbespentoncomputers.

B.ChildrenshouldbeforbiddenfromwatchingTV.

C.'

IVsetsshouldn'

tbeallowedinchildren'

sbedrooms.

D.Furtherstudiesonhigh-achievingstudentsshouldbedone.

（）4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthistext?

A.ComputersorTelevision

B.EffectsofTelevisiononChildren

C.StudiesonTVandColl

egeEducation

D.TelevisionandChildren'

sLearningHabits

1.A.细节理解题.根据第二段中ThosewithTVsintheirbedroomsscoredabouteightpointsloweronmathandlanguageartsteststhanchildrenwithoutbedroomTVs.可得出答案.

2.D.细节理解题.根据第三段Buttheresultsdon'

provethatTVisthecauseanddon'

tridetoutthatalreadypoorlymotivatedyoungsters（年轻人）maywatchlotsofTV.可以确定答案.

3.C.推理判断题.注意最后一段开头的while是"

尽管"

的意思,所以这两段都是围绕儿童卧室不应该放电视机的问题.

4.B.主旨大意题.通读全文可知,文章主要通过两项研究分析了儿童看电视所造成的影响.文章第一段第一句话是主题句,所以B项作为标题是最佳的.

【四川省凉山州2014第二次诊断性测试】

阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Risinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereareamajorcauseofclimatechange,and

nowanewstudyhasconfirmedthatatmosphericCO2isalsoaffectingtheoceanchemistryand

potentiallyharmingsealife.

MontanaStateUniversityscientistRobertDorehasbeenresearchingthewaterinthePacific

Oceanforalmosttwodecades."

We'

vebeengoingtothesamespotinthePacificOcean,andwe

tryandcharacterizelong-termchangeintheopenoceanenvironment.Andoneofthekeythings

thatwemeasureisCOxlevels.AndWe'

vebeenabletorecordthisincreasingquant