上海初中语法Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、in bed（睡觉），in hospital（住院），in a hurry（匆匆忙忙），in danger（危险中）,in joy （高兴），in good health（身体好），in love（恋爱），in trouble（困境），与之相反的是out of ,如：out of trouble （摆脱困境），out of date（过时了）， out of order（出故障） 误 He looked at me at surprise. 正 He looked at me in surprise. 析 surprise的用法一般有三种。用于句首，To ones surprise, 如：To

2、 my surprise he succeeded. be surprised at, 如：I was surprised at the news. 用于句尾in surprise. 误 She didnt come to school because of she was ill. 正 She didnt come to school because she was ill. 析 because of 后接名词，如：The game was put off because of the rain. （三） 例题解析 1 - Thank you the beautiful flowers!-

3、Not at all. A in B on C at D for 答案 D. 析由于某事向某人道谢应用for。2 Can you answer this question English?A by B in C with D from答案 B. 析 in 表示用语言、声音、或材料，如：He answered the question in a low voice.3 Look the map China the wall, please. A after, of, in B at, of, in C after, in, on D at, of, on 析 look at 为看，而on the

4、 wall为在墙表面挂着，而in the wall 则是在墙内，如：There is hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。4 - When did Mr Green arrive in London?- He arrived there the evening of December 6th. A at B in C on D to答案 C. 析 in the evening / afternoon这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为on,如：on a cold morning, on a spring morning等。5 We won the relay rac

5、e. And there was a big smile our teachers face. A off B near C on D between6 The twins got on well their classmates. A to B in C with D about析 get on well with与人相处很好。7 - Please remember to come to my birthday party. - I see. Ill come Saturday evening. A in B at C on D for8 Lets hurry， or well be lat

6、e school A to B at C with D for答案 D. 析 be late for，而 come late to，如： Dont come late to school 9 They will have a maths test two days A for B at C in D after答案 C. 析三天之内应用in，而不要受中文影响用after， after three days 是个不定的时间范围，即没有一个准确的时间。5天、6天、10天全是after three days。10 My brother joined the army A 1989， March B

7、in March， 1989 C March， 1989 D 1989， in March 答案 B. 析在月份、年、前用介词in，而日子前用on。11 He couldnt work out the maths problem your help A without B under C for D with答案 A. 析在某人帮助下应用with，如：With the help of the teacher I passed the exam easily 而要是没有你的帮助则用 without your help 12 Granny took one look at us her glass

8、es A by B through C on D in析 through 为穿过。13 We had our breakfast a quarter seven A /， to B in， to C at， to D on， to析具体时间点前用at，而差几分几点用to，这里应译为：我在差一刻七点吃的早饭。14 I learn French the radio every day A on B in C from D at析从收音机中听到某事应用词组 on the radio。15 Its good manners to wait line A in B on C at D with析 in

9、line 为排队。16 How many English words had you learnt last term?A by the end of B at the end of C to the end of D till the end of 析 by the end of 为动作的截止时间，与完成时态相配合 17 The manager was very satisfied his work A in B on C about D with析 be satisfied with 为固定搭配。18 John hit Jack face A on the B in the C on hi

10、s D in his析英文中的某些动词其后要接人，然后加介词the身体部位，如：He caught the boy by the arm。19 I was born the night September 15， 1978 A in， on B at， on C at， in D on， of 析在时间前加介词时应以最小的时间单位为准。20 Its a bad manner to laugh people when they are trouble A over， in B at， in C in， at D at， for析 laugh at 嘲笑某人， laugh over 笑着谈论某人或

11、某事， in trouble 陷入困境。21 I cant do this work well Toms help A under B for C without D from22 Dont shout the old woman。 You should be more polite her A to， at B at， to C in， for D from， for析 shout at 为冲某人喊叫，而 be polite to somebody 为对某人和气。23We must be strict our selves everything Awith, in Bin，with Cwit

12、h，to D to , of析 be strict with 对某人严格要求。24 He went to the football match lunch last Sunday Ato Bwithout Cbehind Dbetween析 without lunch 未吃午饭。25 The peoples Republic of China was founded 1949 Awith Bon Csince Din析在年代前用in。因句子是过去时而不是完成时，所以不能用since。26 Mr Black got to Hangzhou a few days Ain Bafter Con Da

13、t析这句话应译为：几天之后 Mr Black 到达了杭州。而不是在几天之内一定要做完某事，所以选B。27 - Has the teacher given you any advice your English study?- Yes， he has A from B with C on D in 析给予某一方面问题的忠告其介词用on。28You may depend him He is honest man Aon, a Bin,an Con，an Dat，the析 depend on 为依靠某人或某事，而 honest 的首字母 h 不发音。29 my joy， I can answer t

14、his question AWith BTo CBy DFor析 To ones joy 意为使我高兴的是。30 The teacher asked the students to look the word in the dictionary Afor Bat Cup Dafter析 look for 寻找， look at 看， look after 照顾， look up 查字典。31 A little monkey is playing a tree and there are a lot of bananas itA on， on B in， on C on， in D in， in

15、析树上长出的果实为 on the tree 而其他外来之物要用 in the tree，表达在树上。32 I go to school bus every morning. A. in B. by C. on D. at 答案 B. 析 by后直接加交通工具，表示乘某种交通工具去某地。33 No one likes a person bad manners. A. without B. on C. out of D. with 答案 D. 析 with bad manners 有不良习惯的人。34 The policeman was surprised the news. A. into B.

16、 for C. at D. out of 答案 C. 析 be surprised at 对某事吃惊。35 He had to sell newspapers seven. A. at an age of B. at the ages of C. at the age of D. at age of 析 at the age of 在几岁时。36 The little girl couldnt help when she saw a large dog. A. cried B. to cry C. crying D. cries 析 couldnt help动名词表示情不自禁地去做某事，或禁不

17、住做某事。37 Jack was born March 1st, 1978. A. on B. in C. at D. of 答案 A. 析日期，时间前的介词按其表达语中的最小单位计算。38 Edison was very interested science when he was a boy. A. to B. on C. in D. about 析 be interested in something 对某事感兴趣。39 The teacher was very satisfied her answer. A. in B. on C. for D. with 40 The story h

18、appened Beijing. A. in B. with C. for D. on 七、数词 （一） 知识概要 数词用来表示人或物的数目多少和顺序。所以数词主要有两种：基数词，用于计数，如：one, two而序数词用于表示位置先后或次序，台：first second其构成法如下：阿拉伯数字基数词序数词简写序数词1 one first 1st 2 two second 2nd 3 three third 3rd 4 four fourth 4th 5 five fifth 5th 6 six sixth 6th 7 seven seventh 7th 8 eight eighth 8th 9

19、 nine ninth 9th 10 ten tenth 10th 11 eleven eleventh 11th 12 twelve twelfth 12th 13 thirteen thirteenth 13th 14 fourteen fourteenth 14th 15 fifteen fifteenth 15th 16 sixteen sixteenth 16th 17 seventeen seventeenth 17th 18 eighteen eighteenth 18yh 19 nineteen nineteenth 19th 20 twenty twentieth 20th

20、21 twenty-one twenty-first 21st 30 thirty thirtieth 30th 40 forty fortieth 40th 50 fifty fiftieth 50th 60 sixty sixtieth 60th 70 seventy seventieth 70th 80 eighty eightieth 80th 90 ninety ninetieth 90th 100 a（one）hundred hundredth 100th 104 one hundred and four hundred and fourth 104th 1000 a（one） t

21、hounsand thounsandth 1000th 10000 ten thounsand ten thounsandth 10000th 1000000 one million millionth 1000000th 基数词与序数词都有一定的构成方法，但都有特殊例外的几个字，所以除了要学会一般构成法之外，还要特别记熟一些例外。因它们在考试中出现的频率很高。 1 基数词构成结构 2199的两位数字，在10位和个位之间加连字符构成，如89-eighty-nine. 的三位数字，由hundred 加and 再加二位数或未位数字，如： 101-one hundred and one, 223-t

22、wo hundred and twenty-three. 四位以上数字，应从个位起向前数三位加逗号，读作thousand,再数三位加第二个逗号，读作million,再数三位加逗号，读作billion，其读法如下： 1001-one thousand and one -five thousand, three hundred and eightysix 要注意的是hundred, thousand, million与billion的用法。前面有别的基数词时，即若干个百、千、百万、十亿时，其本身都不要加s，如：three hundred students。若表示成百，成千或数百，数千时，前面不能有

23、基数词，但其本身要用复数形式，然后+of+名词复数。如：thousands and thousands of。 （成千上万） 2 序数词的构成法 序数词除first, second, third 以外，其余一般在词尾加th构成，除一般略有差异的各别数词外，很容易掌握。其二位数或多位数只将后面的个位数字改为序数词，其前面各位数字均不改变，都用基数词。 3 其他数字表示法 小数的小数点读作point，零读作o 或zero,小数点后面的数字按个位基数词依次读出。 分数分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分数要在序数词上加s，但用one half, 1 4 用a quarter. 读作one

24、third而读作two thirds。 百分数（%），读作per cent （percent）,但不论是多少均用作单数形式不能加s。 表示日期有两种说法和四种写法，如：2月1号英语表达法为：the first of February而美语为February （the） first,但其书写上可有四种写法February 1 February 1st 1st February 1/2。 倍数的讲法有所不同。两倍用twice,而三倍以上用序数词加times,如：He has three times as many books as I have. （二） 正误辨析 误 1107 should be

25、 read as a thousand a hundred as seven. 正 1107 should be read as one thousand one hundred and seven. 析在读数字时，如：and前只有百或千时，用one hundred/ one thousand 还是a hundred /a thousand全是可以的。但如果文有百又有千时，则只能用one不要用a。如果没有and时，如：1100也只能读作one thousand one hundred 或eleven hundred. 误 I drove about half mile. 正 I drove a

26、bout half a mile. 析半小时为half an hour, 半天为half a day, 半镑为half a pound, 尽量避免用half a year, half a month, 要用six months, two weeks 或 fifteen days 要注意的是Half of the work is done Half of the books are sold. 当Half 作名词时，其谓语动词要看of后面的名词而定。如名词是不可数名词则用单数谓语动词，如是复数名词时，则要用复数谓语动词。要注意的是一个半的表达法，如：One and a half apples is left on the table.其名词要用复数，但谓语动词则要用单数。 误 60 students are playing on the ground. 正 Sixty students are playing on the ground. 析