面料词典1Word文档格式.docx

1、An inexpensive, medium weight, plain weave, low count （less than 160 threads per square inch） cotton sheeting fabric. In its unfinished form, it is commonly used in fashion design to make trial garments for preliminary fit. Return to Index NNainsook A lightweight plain weave cotton fabric, usually f

2、inished to create a luster and a soft hand. Common end-uses are infants wear, blouses, and lingerie. Nap A fuzzy, fur-like feel created when fiber ends extend from the basic fabric structure to the fabric surface. The fabric can be napped on either one or both sides. Net An open fabric, which is cre

3、ated by connecting the intersections in a woven, knitted, or crocheted construction to form a mesh-like appearance that wont ravel. End-uses include veils, curtains, and fish nets. Ninon A lightweight, plain weave, made of silk or manufactured fibers, with an open mesh-like appearance. Since the fab

4、ric is made with high twist filament yarns, it has a crisp hand. End uses include eveningwear and curtains. Nonwoven Fabric Fabrics made directly from individual fibers that are matted together by forming an interlocking web of fibers either mechanically （tangling together） or chemically （gluing, bo

5、nding, or melting together）. Novelty Yarn A yarn that is intentionally produced to have a special or unique effect. These effects can be produced by twisting together uneven single yarns, by using yarns that contain irregularities, or by twisting yarns that contain a color variance. A slubbed yarn i

6、s an example of a novelty yarn. Nylon Produced in 1938, the first completely synthetic fiber developed. Known for its high strength and excellent resilience, nylon has superior abrasion resistance and high flexibility. Nytril A manufactured fiber, most often used in sweaters or pile fabrics, where l

7、ittle or no pressing is recommended, as the fiber has a low softening or melting point. However, it has also been successfully used in blends with wool for the purpose of minimizing shrinkage and improving the shape retention in garments. OOlefin （also known as polyolefin and polypropylene） A manufa

8、ctured fiber characterized by its light weight, high strength, and abrasion resistance. Olefin is also good at transporting moisture, creating a wicking action. End-uses include activewear apparel, rope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery. Organdy A stiffened, sheer, lightweight

9、plain weave fabric, with a medium to high yarn count. End-uses include blouses, dresses, and curtains/draperies. Organza A crisp, sheer, lightweight plain weave fabric, with a medium to high yarn count , made of silk, rayon, nylon, or polyester. The fabric is used primarily in evening and wedding ap

10、parel for women. Osnaburg A tough medium to heavyweight coarsely woven plain weave fabric, usually made of a cotton or cotton/poly blend. Lower grades of the unfinished fabric are used for such industrial purposes as bags, sacks, pipe coverings. Higher grades of finished osnaburg can be found in mat

11、tress ticking, slipcovers, workwear, and apparel. Ottoman A tightly woven plain weave ribbed fabric with a hard slightly lustered surface. The ribbed effect is created by weaving a finer silk or manufactured warp yarn with a heavier filler yarn, usually made of cotton, wool, or waste yarn. In the co

12、nstruction, the heavier filler yarn is completely covered by the warp yarn, thus creating the ribbed effect. End uses for this fabric include coats, suits, dresses, upholstery, and draperies. Oxford A fine, soft, lightweight woven cotton or blended with manufactured fibers in a 2 x 1 basket weave va

13、riation of the plain weave construction. The fabric is used primarily in shirtings. PPaisley A tear-drop shaped, fancy printed pattern, used in dresses, blouses, and mens ties. Pann Velvet A type of lustrous, lightweight velvet fabric, usually made of silk or a manufactured fiber, in which the pile

14、has been flattened in one direction. Peau de Soie A heavy twill weave drapeable satin fabric, made of silk or a manufactured fiber, and used for bridal gowns and eveningwear. Percale A medium weight, plain weave, low to medium count （180 to 250 threads per square inch） cotton-like fabric. End-uses i

15、nclude sheets, blouses, and dresses. Pile Knit A type of knit construction which utilizes a special yarn or a sliver that is interlooped into a standard knit base. This construction is used in the formation of imitation fur fabrics, in special liners for cold weather apparel such as jackets and coat

16、s, and in some floor coverings. While any basic knit stitch may be used for the base of pile knits, the most common is the jersey stitch. Pile Weave A type of decorative weave in which a pile is formed by additional warp or filling yarns interlaced in such a way that loops are formed on the surface

17、or face of the fabric. The loops may be left uncut, or they may be cut to expose yarn ends and produce cut pile fabric. Pill A tangled ball of fibers that appears on the surface of a fabric, as a result of wear or continued friction or rubbing on the surface of the fabric. Piqu A medium-weight fabri

18、c, either knit or woven, with raised dobby designs including cords, wales, waffles, or patterns. Woven versions have cords running lengthwise, or in the warp direction. Knitted versions are double-knit fabric constructions, created on multi-feed circular knitting machines. Plain Weave A basic weave,

19、 utilizing a simple alternate interlacing of warp and filling yarns. Any type of yarn made from any type of fiber can be manufactured into a plain weave fabric. Plied Yarn A twisting together of two or more single yarns in one operation. PlissA lightweight, plain weave, fabric, made from cotton, ray

20、on, or acetate, and characterized by a puckered striped effect, usually in the warp direction. The crinkled effect is created through the application of a caustic soda solution, which shrinks the fabric in the areas of the fabric where it is applied. Pliss is similar in appearance to seersucker. End

21、-uses include dresses, shirtings, pajamas, and bedspreads. Polyester A manufactured fiber introduced in the early 1950s, and is second only to cotton in worldwide use. Polyester has high strength （although somewhat lower than nylon）, excellent resiliency, and high abrasion resistance. Low absorbency

22、 allows the fiber to dry quickly. Polypropylene （also known as polyolefin and Olefin） A manufactured fiber characterized by its light weight, high strength, and abrasion resistance. Polypropylene is also good at transporting moisture, creating a wicking action. End-uses include activewear apparel, r

23、ope, indoor-outdoor carpets, lawn furniture, and upholstery. Pongee The most common form is a naturally colored lightweight, plain weave, silk-like fabric with a slubbed effect. End-uses include blouses, dresses, etc. Poplin A fabric made using a rib variation of the plain weave. The construction is

24、 characterized by having a slight ridge effect in one direction, usually the filling. Poplin used to be associated with casual clothing, but as the world of work has become more relaxed, this fabric has developed into a staple of mens wardrobes, being used frequently in casual trousers. Purl Stitch

25、A basic stitch used in weft knitting, which produces knit fabrics that have the same appearance on both sides. The purl stitch is frequently used in combination with the jersey and rib stitches to produce a knitted fabric design. Sweaters, knitted fabrics for infants and childrens wear, knitted fabr

26、ics for specialized sportswear, and bulky knit fabrics are commonly made using the purl stitch.Resiliency The ability of a fabric to spring back to its original shape after being twisted, crushed, wrinkled, or distorted in any way. Rip-stop Nylon A lightweight, wind resistant, and water resistant pl

27、ain weave fabric. Large rib yarns stop tears without adding excess weight to active sportswear apparel and outdoor equipment such as sleeping bags and tents. SSailcloth Any heavy, plain-weave canvas fabric, usually made of cotton, linen, polyester, jute, nylon, etc. that is used for sails and appare

28、l （i.e. bottomweight sportswear）. Saran Fiber A manufactured fiber which has an excellent resistance to sunlight and weathering, and is used in lawn furniture, upholstery, and carpets. Sateen Fabric A fabric made from yarns with low luster, such as cotton or other staple length fibers. The fabric ha

29、s a soft, smooth hand and a gentle, subtle luster. Sateen fabrics are often used for draperies and upholstery. Sateen Weave A variation of the satin weave, produced by floating fill yarns over warp yarns. Satin Fabric A traditional fabric utilizing a satin weave construction to achieve a lustrous fa

30、bric surface. Satin is a traditional fabric for evening and wedding garments. Typical examples of satin weave fabrics include: slipper satin, crepe-back satin, faille satin, bridal satin, moleskin, and antique satin. Satin Weave A basic weave, characterized by long floats of yarn on the face of the fabric. The yarns are interlaced in such a manner that there is no definite, visible pattern of interlacing and, in this manner, a smooth and somewhat shiny surface effect is achieved. The shi