面料词典1Word文档格式.docx
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Aninexpensive,mediumweight,plainweave,lowcount(lessthan160threadspersquareinch)cottonsheetingfabric.Initsunfinishedform,itiscommonlyusedinfashiondesigntomaketrialgarmentsforpreliminaryfit.
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N
Nainsook
Alightweightplainweavecottonfabric,usuallyfinishedtocreatealusterandasofthand.Commonend-usesareinfants'
wear,blouses,andlingerie.
Nap
Afuzzy,fur-likefeelcreatedwhenfiberendsextendfromthebasicfabricstructuretothefabricsurface.Thefabriccanbenappedoneitheroneorbothsides.
Net
Anopenfabric,whichiscreatedbyconnectingtheintersectionsinawoven,knitted,orcrochetedconstructiontoformamesh-likeappearancethatwon'
travel.End-usesincludeveils,curtains,andfishnets.
Ninon
Alightweight,plainweave,madeofsilkormanufacturedfibers,withanopenmesh-likeappearance.Sincethefabricismadewithhightwistfilamentyarns,ithasacrisphand.Endusesincludeeveningwearandcurtains.
NonwovenFabric
Fabricsmadedirectlyfromindividualfibersthataremattedtogetherbyforminganinterlockingweboffiberseithermechanically(tanglingtogether)orchemically(gluing,bonding,ormeltingtogether).
NoveltyYarn
Ayarnthatisintentionallyproducedtohaveaspecialoruniqueeffect.Theseeffectscanbeproducedbytwistingtogetherunevensingleyarns,byusingyarnsthatcontainirregularities,orbytwistingyarnsthatcontainacolorvariance.Aslubbedyarnisanexampleofanoveltyyarn.
Nylon
Producedin1938,thefirstcompletelysyntheticfiberdeveloped.Knownforitshighstrengthandexcellentresilience,nylonhassuperiorabrasionresistanceandhighflexibility.
Nytril
Amanufacturedfiber,mostoftenusedinsweatersorpilefabrics,wherelittleornopressingisrecommended,asthefiberhasalowsofteningormeltingpoint.However,ithasalsobeensuccessfullyusedinblendswithwoolforthepurposeofminimizingshrinkageandimprovingtheshaperetentioningarments.
O
Olefin(alsoknownaspolyolefinandpolypropylene)
Amanufacturedfibercharacterizedbyitslightweight,highstrength,andabrasionresistance.Olefinisalsogoodattransportingmoisture,creatingawickingaction.End-usesincludeactivewearapparel,rope,indoor-outdoorcarpets,lawnfurniture,andupholstery.
Organdy
Astiffened,sheer,lightweightplainweavefabric,withamediumtohighyarncount.End-usesincludeblouses,dresses,andcurtains/draperies.
Organza
Acrisp,sheer,lightweightplainweavefabric,withamediumtohighyarncount,madeofsilk,rayon,nylon,orpolyester.Thefabricisusedprimarilyineveningandweddingapparelforwomen.
Osnaburg
Atoughmediumtoheavyweightcoarselywovenplainweavefabric,usuallymadeofacottonorcotton/polyblend.Lowergradesoftheunfinishedfabricareusedforsuchindustrialpurposesasbags,sacks,pipecoverings.Highergradesoffinishedosnaburgcanbefoundinmattressticking,slipcovers,workwear,andapparel.
Ottoman
Atightlywovenplainweaveribbedfabricwithahardslightlylusteredsurface.Theribbedeffectiscreatedbyweavingafinersilkormanufacturedwarpyarnwithaheavierfilleryarn,usuallymadeofcotton,wool,orwasteyarn.Intheconstruction,theheavierfilleryarniscompletelycoveredbythewarpyarn,thuscreatingtheribbedeffect.Endusesforthisfabricincludecoats,suits,dresses,upholstery,anddraperies.
Oxford
Afine,soft,lightweightwovencottonorblendedwithmanufacturedfibersina2x1basketweavevariationoftheplainweaveconstruction.Thefabricisusedprimarilyinshirtings.
P
Paisley
Atear-dropshaped,fancyprintedpattern,usedindresses,blouses,andmen'
sties.
Panné
Velvet
Atypeoflustrous,lightweightvelvetfabric,usuallymadeofsilkoramanufacturedfiber,inwhichthepilehasbeenflattenedinonedirection.
PeaudeSoie
Aheavytwillweavedrapeablesatinfabric,madeofsilkoramanufacturedfiber,andusedforbridalgownsandeveningwear.
Percale
Amediumweight,plainweave,lowtomediumcount(180to250threadspersquareinch)cotton-likefabric.End-usesincludesheets,blouses,anddresses.
PileKnit
Atypeofknitconstructionwhichutilizesaspecialyarnorasliverthatisinterloopedintoastandardknitbase.Thisconstructionisusedintheformationofimitationfurfabrics,inspeciallinersforcoldweatherapparelsuchasjacketsandcoats,andinsomefloorcoverings.Whileanybasicknitstitchmaybeusedforthebaseofpileknits,themostcommonisthejerseystitch.
PileWeave
Atypeofdecorativeweaveinwhichapileisformedbyadditionalwarporfillingyarnsinterlacedinsuchawaythatloopsareformedonthesurfaceorfaceofthefabric.Theloopsmaybeleftuncut,ortheymaybecuttoexposeyarnendsandproducecutpilefabric.
Pill
Atangledballoffibersthatappearsonthesurfaceofafabric,asaresultofwearorcontinuedfrictionorrubbingonthesurfaceofthefabric.
Piqué
Amedium-weightfabric,eitherknitorwoven,withraiseddobbydesignsincludingcords,wales,waffles,orpatterns.Wovenversionshavecordsrunninglengthwise,orinthewarpdirection.Knittedversionsaredouble-knitfabricconstructions,createdonmulti-feedcircularknittingmachines.
PlainWeave
Abasicweave,utilizingasimplealternateinterlacingofwarpandfillingyarns.Anytypeofyarnmadefromanytypeoffibercanbemanufacturedintoaplainweavefabric.
PliedYarn
Atwistingtogetheroftwoormoresingleyarnsinoneoperation.
Plissé
Alightweight,plainweave,fabric,madefromcotton,rayon,oracetate,andcharacterizedbyapuckeredstripedeffect,usuallyinthewarpdirection.Thecrinkledeffectiscreatedthroughtheapplicationofacausticsodasolution,whichshrinksthefabricintheareasofthefabricwhereitisapplied.Plissé
issimilarinappearancetoseersucker.End-usesincludedresses,shirtings,pajamas,andbedspreads.
Polyester
Amanufacturedfiberintroducedintheearly1950s,andissecondonlytocottoninworldwideuse.Polyesterhashighstrength(althoughsomewhatlowerthannylon),excellentresiliency,andhighabrasionresistance.Lowabsorbencyallowsthefibertodryquickly.
Polypropylene(alsoknownaspolyolefinandOlefin)
Amanufacturedfibercharacterizedbyitslightweight,highstrength,andabrasionresistance.Polypropyleneisalsogoodattransportingmoisture,creatingawickingaction.End-usesincludeactivewearapparel,rope,indoor-outdoorcarpets,lawnfurniture,andupholstery.
Pongee
Themostcommonformisanaturallycoloredlightweight,plainweave,silk-likefabricwithaslubbedeffect.End-usesincludeblouses,dresses,etc.
Poplin
Afabricmadeusingaribvariationoftheplainweave.Theconstructionischaracterizedbyhavingaslightridgeeffectinonedirection,usuallythefilling.Poplinusedtobeassociatedwithcasualclothing,butasthe"
worldofwork"
hasbecomemorerelaxed,thisfabrichasdevelopedintoastapleofmen'
swardrobes,beingusedfrequentlyincasualtrousers.
PurlStitch
Abasicstitchusedinweftknitting,whichproducesknitfabricsthathavethesameappearanceonbothsides.Thepurlstitchisfrequentlyusedincombinationwiththejerseyandribstitchestoproduceaknittedfabricdesign.Sweaters,knittedfabricsforinfantsandchildren'
swear,knittedfabricsforspecializedsportswear,andbulkyknitfabricsarecommonlymadeusingthepurlstitch.
Resiliency
Theabilityofafabrictospringbacktoitsoriginalshapeafterbeingtwisted,crushed,wrinkled,ordistortedinanyway.
Rip-stopNylon
Alightweight,windresistant,andwaterresistantplainweavefabric.Largeribyarnsstoptearswithoutaddingexcessweighttoactivesportswearapparelandoutdoorequipmentsuchassleepingbagsandtents.
S
Sailcloth
Anyheavy,plain-weavecanvasfabric,usuallymadeofcotton,linen,polyester,jute,nylon,etc.thatisusedforsailsandapparel(i.e.bottomweightsportswear).
SaranFiber
Amanufacturedfiberwhichhasanexcellentresistancetosunlightandweathering,andisusedinlawnfurniture,upholstery,andcarpets.
SateenFabric
Afabricmadefromyarnswithlowluster,suchascottonorotherstaplelengthfibers.Thefabrichasasoft,smoothhandandagentle,subtleluster.Sateenfabricsareoftenusedfordraperiesandupholstery.
SateenWeave
Avariationofthesatinweave,producedbyfloatingfillyarnsoverwarpyarns.
SatinFabric
Atraditionalfabricutilizingasatinweaveconstructiontoachievealustrousfabricsurface.Satinisatraditionalfabricforeveningandweddinggarments.Typicalexamplesofsatinweavefabricsinclude:
slippersatin,crepe-backsatin,faillesatin,bridalsatin,moleskin,andantiquesatin.
SatinWeave
Abasicweave,characterizedbylongfloatsofyarnonthefaceofthefabric.Theyarnsareinterlacedinsuchamannerthatthereisnodefinite,visiblepatternofinterlacingand,inthismanner,asmoothandsomewhatshinysurfaceeffectisachieved.Theshi