中西文化背景下的习语翻译Word文件下载.docx

1、2015年8月23日Translation between the Chinese and English CulturesBy Prof. WangMiqing,tutorSubmitted to the B.A. Committee in PartialFulfillment of the Requirements for the Degreeof Bachelor of Arts in the English Departmentof Hebei Normal UniversityAugust 23,2015AbstractNida,a famous translator,says,“F

2、or truely successful translation,it is much more important to familiarize two cultures than to master twoLanguages”,because words are assigned meanings in its particular cultures.（background information） This is to say ,translation is closely related with not onlyLanguages but also cultures .Studies

3、 of the cultural distinction in idiom translation are still relatively weak in the field of translation in China. Exculsive research on the translation of Chinese and English idioms is still incomplete. In the past years, idiom translation has mostly emphasized the level of inter-lingual communicati

4、on, but cultural differences were rarely involved in it .（indentify problems）.This thesis analyses the cultural differences in Chinese and English idiomsthen studies English-Chinese/Chinese-English idiom translation methods（research subject） from the angle of culture（method）and points out some warni

5、ngs concerning idiom translation: pay attention to context and choose the right version in line with the style and meaning of the original passage（results）;culture is a whole way of life ,when new culture emerges ,new idioms also appear therefore idiom translation should develop with the time.KeyWor

6、ds:idiom culturetranslation摘要著名翻译学家达奈指出：“对于真正成功的翻译而言，熟悉两种文化甚至比掌握两种语言更为重要，因为词语只有在其作用的文化背景下才有意义。”也就是说，翻译不仅与语言有关业余文化有关。习语语翻译中对文化的研究在中国的翻译领域中仍然较弱，专门对中英习语的研究还不完善。近些年来，习语翻译大多强调语际的交流，而很少涉及文化差异。本文通过分析中英习语的文化差异，进而从文化角度研究中英习语的翻译方法，并指出中英习语翻译要注意的问题：联系上下文，选择与原文风格，意思相符的翻译；文化是一种生活方式，文化在变化，出现新的习语，细语翻译要与时俱进。关键词：习语 文

7、化 翻译ContentsIntroduction.1ChapterI.Acomparison between English and Chinese idioms.2ChapterII.The cultural differences between English and Chinese idioms.72.1 The formation of culture is closely related with natural geographical conditions.82.2Geographical conditions8Chapter III .Different customs.11

8、3.1In terms ofhistory.113.2 Both countries have their different religious faith which may cause the difference.12Conclusion.14Notes.15Bibliography.16IntroductionIdioms universally exist in every Language . An idiom is a word or an expression that cannot be literally translated from the sourceLanguag

9、e into the target Language because its idiomatic meaning cannot be understood by literally defining its component parts.（background）In a broad sense ,idioms contain set phase,proverbs , allusions ,etc.（yinlii,2007:9）In Chinese ,they also include enigmatic folk smiles. Newmark ,a British translation

10、theorist , in his work A Textbook of Translation , said ,“I define as culture the way of life and his manifestation that are peculiar”to a community that uses a peculiar Language as its means of expression.” （previous research）English idioms derives from English cultures and daily life. In real cont

11、ext ,idioms explain themselves :nine times out of ten they carry their own explainations . If we are unaware of these, we will find our selves in a state of confusion since we will assign literal meaning to them . The Chinese idioms , especially the four-character idioms , have their own unique orig

12、ins which are closely correlative to the Chinese history and culture. In view of the difficulties in understanding idioms, we should pay due attention and efforts to understand their cultures and customs . This thesis is designed to dig into the cultural differences between Chinese and English and t

13、hen elaborates on the translation theories applied to idioms . （subject+method）Chapter I A comparison between English and Chinese idiomsDifferent people from different cultures may have different understandings of the same sentence because they know little about the target cultures. While the ultima

14、te aim of English teaching as a foreign language is to cultivate students competence to apply English correctly, fluently, and appropriately in cross-cultural communication. Idioms, a part of language, are the essence of culture in every country. Using language in such communication, we often come a

15、cross some idioms with distinctive cultural characteristics, so it is a very important and complicated thing for us to understand and use these idioms correctly. Therefore, in this paper, we will discuss the idioms reflecting the differences of Chinese and Western cultures in various levels with man

16、y lively, important, and interesting examples of idiomsPeople in different cultural backgrounds to communicate is multination communication . Different countries have different historical backgrounds , customs , traditions cultures ,therefore , the translators engaged in international business must

17、understand their cultural differences and exotic.For example, “like a fish out of water”. If you feel like fish out of water, you feel awkward and uncomfortable because you are in an unusual and unfamiliar situation. Friendship cant stand always on one side 友谊是双方的事A friend is easier lost than found

18、朋友易失不易得Every man has his faults人都有缺点One tree does not make a forest 独木不成林 One flower does not make a spring 一花独放不是春 One swallow does not make a summer 孤雁不成夏Where there is unity, there is victory团结就是力量Two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it 鹬蚌相争，渔翁得利Love me little, love me long 爱情应细

19、水长流Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder 情人眼里出西施Blood is thicker than water 血浓于水Absence makes the heart grow fonder 越是不见越想念A man isPetted daughters make silly wives 宠坏的女儿会变成傻婆娘Better a glorious death than a shameful life 宁为玉碎不为瓦全When in Rome do as the Romans do 入乡随俗A penny saved is a penny gained 省一

20、分是一分One false move may lose the whole game 一步走错步步错Procrastination is the thief of time拖延是时间的Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today今天能做的事情不要拖到明天做, No sweet without sweat.没有耕耘就没有收获One is as old as ones heart. 心有多老人有多老Time heals all sorrows.时间治愈一切创伤 Many hands make light work. 人多力量大 A journ

21、ey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. 千里之行始于足下Where there is smoke, there is fire.无风不起浪As poor as a church mouse.一贫如洗A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口Clothes make the man.人靠衣装，佛靠金装Clothes dont make the man.不能以貌取人Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打Look before you leap.三思而后行To teach a fish h

22、ow to swim.班门弄斧Self-trust is the first secret of success.自信是成功的秘诀Better late than never.迟做总比不做好God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助love me, love my dog.爱屋及乌Rome was not built in a day.伟业非一日之功Like father , Like son.有其父必有其子Well begun, half done好的开端成功的一半 Every cloud has a silver lining否极泰来Where th

23、ere is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成Haste makes waste.欲速则不达All roads lead to Rome.条条道路通罗马Time and tide waits for no man岁月不等人Honesty is the best policy.诚实是上策Early to bed, early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起使人健康富有和An apple a day keeps doctor away一日一个苹果不用看医生Fish in the air 缘木求鱼An o

24、dd fish 怪人Miss the boat错过机会Trim the sails to the wind顺势前进A small leak will sink a great ship小洞不补要沉大船On the other hand ,China is located in the Asian Continent and reputed as an agricultural country with a large population of peasant, It is not surprising to find many idioms relevant to farming ,such

25、 as “骨瘦如柴，对牛弹琴，众人拾柴火焰高，竹篮打水一场空”等等Chinese people also have a mysterious and awe feeling for sea ,so they have idioms like “天涯海角，海枯石烂，海底捞针，海市蜃楼”等等。These differences in interpretation and tried to make it disappear the process of translatingin the target language,and find out the exact words, so differ

26、ent cultures, which is reproduced in the target language. Language is part of culture,also the carrier to the culture,which plays an important role. language translation is not only the international exchange of the two languages ,but two cultures relay. Culture in translation is a factor which shou

27、ld not be ignored ,as a famous translator Eugene Nita :“to really do a good translation ,master two languages ,two cultures ,even more important aspect, because the terms only used in a particular culture to be meaningful. ”Business English translation of the international must pay attention to the

28、transmission of cultural information. According to the international business English translation 4Es standards and to ensure that cultural and other information equivalent. However, in practice ,and sometimes cultural information is different to convey to the target language and the results of such

29、 standards will not be fully done . the Chinese culture emphasize the ideas of “unity is strength”. This can be said as “collectivism”. On the contrary,the westerner emphasize the power of a single individual, this can be described as heroism. Compare the Chinese movie “创业”and themAmerican Terminato

30、r Series ,you can see this differentcover-emphasizes the same, and the English culture over-emphasizes the unique; the Chinese values the tradition ,but the westerner pay more attention to t he fusion; the Chinese culture pay attention to the disposition ,outstanding human nature in western culture. Culture is a national phenomenon. Each culture is unique. English and Chinese people live