人教版高中英语选修8课时作业2Learning about Language 1Word下载.docx

1、汤姆每星期日下午拿出两小时和他的儿子在一起。答案sets aside two hours5Only when I left my parents for Italy_ how much I love them.只有当我离开父母去意大利时，我才意识到我有多么爱他们。答案did I realize.完形填空Thomas Edison tried two thousand different materials to make the light bulb.When none worked satisfactorily，his assistant _1_ ，“All our work is in v

2、ain.We have learned nothing.” Thomas Edison replied very_2_ ，“Oh，we have come a long way and we have _3_ a lot.We now know that there are two thousand materials which we cannot _4_ to make a good light bulb.” If you learn from your mistakes，then you are _5_ .If you learn from someone else s mistakes

3、，then you are a genius.Success is nothing more than a few simple disciplines _6_ daily and failure is nothing more than a few small _7_ repeated daily.How _8_ the above lines are！Success takes _9_ .We ll make mistakes _10_ we do things in too much of a hurry.When we do not practice disciplines in li

4、fe，we don t build enough confidence to _11_ new and challenging tasks which are important and matter in life.Our confidence _12_ what we think of ourselves and whether we believe in ourselves.We are all born with exceptional _13_ ，but only a few really _14_ their true potential and make efforts in l

5、ife and the others just lead a（n） _15_ life.Do you want to be exceptional?Success is a fruit which everyone wants to _16_ but it is not found everywhere and no one can _17_ it without serious efforts.Those who want to succeed will find a way；those who don t will find a（n） _18_ !Success depends upon

6、previous _19_ ，and without it we will end in failure.When you are _20_ ，please enjoy it and give your hand to others who want to accomplish something.1A.celebrated BcomplainedCexplained Danswered答案B解析由爱迪生的助手所说的话可知，他有点灰心丧气，所以开始“抱怨（complained）” 。2A.confidently Bmadly Ccarelessly Dangrily答案A解析由后面爱迪生所说的

7、话可知，爱迪生对发明锲而不舍，所以他对自己的工作充满了“信心” 。3A.remembered BrefusedClearned Dordered答案C解析由爱迪生的乐观态度可知，他认为他们已经“学到了（learned）” 很多。上文中助手的话也有提示。4A.test Bignore Cinvent Duse答案D解析试验证明有两千多种材料不能“用来（use）” 做电灯泡。5A.healthy BenthusiasticCintelligent Dgenerous解析此处与下句的“genius” 呼应：如果一个人善于从自己的错误中学习，那他就是“明智的（intelligent）” 。6A.sho

8、wn Bprevented Crecorded Dpracticed解析成功就是每天要“实践（practiced）” 的一些简单的行为准则。7A.errors Bmachines Cjobs Dsteps解析失败来自于每天重复犯的“小错误（errors）” 。8A.common Bstrange Cfamiliar Dtrue解析这里用true表示作者完全认同上述这些话。9A.effect Btime Cdrugs Droles答案B解析由下一句可知，成功需要时间。10A.as though Bso that Cunless Dif解析如果太着急就会犯错误。if在此引导一个条件状语从句。11A

9、.keep Battempt Cgive Dsee解析我们不在生活中实践这些准则，就没有足够的自信心去“尝试（attempt）” 新的具有挑战性的任务。12A.depends on Bsets asideCturns down Dsets up解析由上下文可知，我们的自信“取决于（depends on）” 我们对自己的看法。13A.appearances BexperiencesCqualities Dfeelings解析我们每个人生来都具有卓越的“品质（qualities）”。其他选项不符合常理。14A.own Brealize Cprovide Dresearch解析但是只有一小部分人“发

10、挥了（realize）” 自己的潜能。realize one s potential发挥某人的潜能。15A.active Bhard Crich Daverage解析此处选“平庸的（average）” 与上下文中的“exceptional” 形成对比。16A.sell Bdraw Ceat Dpraise解析成功就像人人都想“吃（eat）” 的果实，此处用来比喻人人都想拥有成功。17A.achieve Bwatch Coffer Drecognize解析不付出努力，你就无法“获得（achieve）” 成功。18A.story Bexcuse Ckey Dplan解析想成功的人总是寻找办法，而不

11、想成功的人总是寻找“借口（excuse）” 。19A.preparation BinfluenceClife Dgeneration解析精心准备会走向成功，反之，则注定会失败。20A.powerful Bwonderful Csuccessful Dhopeful解析当你“成功（successful）”时，享受它并帮助其他想取得成功的人。.阅读理解 AMarie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist who lived between 18671934.Together with her husband，Pierre，she discovered t

12、wo new elements （radium and polonium，two radioactive elements that they extracted chemically from pitchblended ore） and studied the Xrays they emitted.She found that the harmful properties of Xrays were able to kill tumors.By the end of World War ，Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in th

13、e world.She had made a conscious decision，however，not to patent methods of processing radium or its medical applications.Marie Curie was born on November 7，1867 in Poland and died on July 4，1934.Her codiscovery with her husband Pierre Curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents

14、one of the bestknown stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901 with the Nobel Prize in Physics.In 1911，Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel Prize，this time in Chemistry，to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium s atomic weight.As a child

15、，Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory.She learned to read when she was only four years old.Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie.She dreamed of becoming a scientist，but that would not be easy.Her family became very poor，and

16、 at the age of 18，Marie became a governess.She helped pay for her sister to study in Paris.Later，her sister helped Marie with her education.In 1891，Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie，a wellknown physicist.Marie Curie contributed greatly to our unde

17、rstanding of radioactivity and the effects of Xrays.She received two Nobel Prizes for her brilliant work，but died of leukaemia，caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive materials.1What is the main idea of the passage?ATo give us a general introduction to Madame Curie.BTo show us how Madame Curi

18、e discovered radium.CTo tell us how Madame Curie developed as a scientist.DTo tell us how Madame Curie received two Nobel Prizes.解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知。2Madame Curie was given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry because _ .Ashe discovered radiumBshe separated pure radium and calculated its atomic weightCshe discov

19、ered poloniumDshe didn t patent methods of processing radium解析细节理解题。根据文中第二段最后一句话可知答案为B项。3Which of the following statements about Madame Curie is NOT true?AMadame Curie made great contributions to medical science.BMadame Curie was very smart and ambitious when she was a child.CMadame Curie received t

20、wo Nobel Prizes in Physics.DMadame Curie s husband helped her a lot in her research.根据第二段内容可知居里夫人两次获得诺贝尔奖，第一次是诺贝尔物理学奖，第二次是诺贝尔化学奖。4We can infer from the third paragraph that _ .Madame Curie got married when she was at college.Madame Curie had a great ambition when she was young.Madame Curie loved tea

21、ching more than anything else.Madame Curie must have met a lot of difficulties to get high education.Her father had a great influence on Madame Curie s future career.Madame Curie was very smart when she was a child.A B C D 解析推理判断题。根据第一、二句话可知居里夫人非常聪明；由第三句可知居里夫人的父亲对她有很大影响；由第四句可知她有很大的抱负；根据第五句话可知她所遇到的困难

22、。她当家庭教师只是由于家庭贫穷；根据最后一句话可知她在上大学期间遇到了她丈夫，但结婚不一定是在求学期间。BPeople have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. Its not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are, of course,

23、 extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different f

24、rom each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The argument is often conveniently referred to as nature vs. nurture.Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological an

25、d genetic factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined（注定） to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our in

26、stincts（本能）. Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. Behaviorists see humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surrou

27、ndings. Their view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli （something that helps sb/sth to develop better and more quickly ）as the basis of their behavior.The social and political connections of these two theories are signif

28、icant. In the United States, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligent test. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically worse than whites. Behaviorists, in contrast, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are

29、 often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do.Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the argument will continue for a long time is certain.5The author is mainly concerned about solving the problem _ .Awhy our persona