1、【编者前言】此份材料于2010年首次编写,2013年6月对其进行了全新的校对与补充。2013年11月12日,由于2013年12月大学英语四六级再次改革,此份材料为了更好的适应考试变化,更好的服务考生,本人对其进行全面的升级与校对,使其更具有实用性!【恒心】大学英语四六级作文满分突破系列每一份内容完全凭借实力说话,真的做到你用后一定有所收获,进而提高成绩!大学英语四级的写作话题一般有两方面-大学校园生活和社会热点话题。由于时间仓促,再加之编者水平有限,难免有误,恳请谅解,望广大师生对不足之处及时指出与纠正。【高分秘诀】如何在英语四六级写作中取得高分?(4点) 写作这一部分要求考生在30分钟内写完
2、一篇不少于120个词(四级)/不少于150个词(六级)的短文。写作部分是很多四六级考生的一个软肋,得分普遍不够理想。有的人是不了解如何备考才能取得高分的技巧,有的人是平时训练备考积累的“量”不够;有的人是语法错误太多,有的人是字迹太差太潦草那么,最后7天的时间,怎么尽可能提高写作成绩呢?争取在此部分取得满分呢?(一)作文成绩看字迹,得分要素是第一! 任何形式的作文考试,阅卷老师打分时,第一眼,看的是字迹。因此,写作文必须要把字写好。清晰工整美观是基本要求。记住,考作文考的是内容,而不是书法,但切忌字迹潦草。(二)合理分配30分钟,尽量避免跑题等低级失误的出现! 在考英语四六级过程中,有同学草草
3、看完题目要求,就匆匆下笔,结果跑题万里。如果文章偏离主题,那就不可能得高分。所以,建议考生用大概3-5分钟时间先审题,定下大概写作方向,写下重点单词,勾勒出文章的大概框架。接下来用20分钟左右的时间来写文章。考生一般是可以在这时间内完成至少120(六级150)个单词的文章的,四六级的作文写作一般用713个句子就可以写完了。不过这也要求考生在考前做一定的准备工作,比如了解作文如何分类,每一类写作可能会涉及怎样的语言表达等。另外,考生应该在考试前写几篇文章,练练笔,不至于在考试中没有写句子的感觉。写完文章后,考生还应用3-5分钟时间来检查文章。考生如果不检查文章,就会自觉不自觉地犯一些错误,尤其是
4、单数复数的错误和时态的错误。如果文章有一些低级的错误,就会在很大程度上影响考试成绩。(三)掌握拓展语言的方法,从容应付作文写作! 近5年以来,考生普遍感觉到四六级写作变难了,一个重要原因是考应用文多了,考描述性的内容多了。这类题的特点是很多语言需要自己组织,不像以前的议论文,可以大量套用模板语言。描述性的语言更加需要考生靠自己的能力遣词造句。而现在的考生遇到的更为重要的问题是不知道写什么内容,进而造成每个句子都得花很多时间来思考。如果我们在考前加强训练,我想这个问题是可以较为轻松的克服的。考生在考前应掌握如何通过因果关系、时间顺序、空间顺序等来扩展思维。另外,还要掌握如何分析原因,如何提供方法
5、,如何做一些简单的评论。虽然考试形式可以灵活变化,但是考到的内容总是有这些共性。所以平时训练中自己勤总结反思这一点很重要。(四)增加语言的亮点,唤起评卷教师给高分的欲望!为了让作文得到较为理想的分数,考生应该在考前了解一些得分技巧,比如在单词层面上单词要有变化,而且部分单词要有四六级的难度甚至达到考研的难度。例如:在一篇四六级作文中,考生用believe,think,maintain三个不同单词来表示“认为”,这就体现了变化,三个单词中maintain一词也很好地体现了四六级的难度。在作文中有适当的几个高级词汇,会给评卷老师良好的影响。此外,在句子层面上,需要长短句有机结合,不要从头到尾都是简
6、单句,比如可以加一个定语从句,状语从句,插入语等。这些语言的运用可以让阅卷老师知道我们所能掌握的语言复杂级别。当然,如果你的英语水平比较薄弱,你可以采取“退而求其次”的策略,在你的作文中只写1-2句难度较大的句子。其实在四六级考试中,作文的作答也没有必要从头到尾都写长难句,但一定得有出彩的地方。【5种题型的写作方法简介】现象解释型描述现象 说明现象产生的原因 对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展/表明个人态度或阐述个人做法。对比选择型阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由;阐述第二种(相对或相反的)观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由;表明个人支持或反对以上观点或
7、态度,并说明原因。【或者说:表明个人态度或阐述个人做法。】 问题解决型提出问题 分析问题 解决问题/表明个人态度或阐述个人做法。 观点论证型分析主题 得出结论 举例论证 得出结论(证明观点的正确性)。提出论点 例证论点 得出结论或表明个人看法或做法。应用常规型描述事实 阐述原因 表明观点或提出建议。文章开头句型(7种)对立法先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法。【适用范围】有争议性的主题 Eg:【001】 When asked about . , the vast / overwhelming majority of people say that . . But I
8、think / view a bit differently. 【002】 When it comes to . , some people believe that . . Others argue / claim that the opposite / reverse is true . There are probably some truths in both arguments / statements , but ( I tend to the prefer / latter . ) 【003】 Now, it is (commonly/generally/widely) beli
9、eved/held/acknowledged that . . They claim / believe / argue that . . But I wonder / doubt whether. . 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后建议或做法。【001】 Recently the rise in problem of / (phenomenon of) . has caused / aroused public ( popular / wide / worldwide )concern. 【002】Recently the issue of the problem of / the
10、phenomenon of . has been brought into focus. ( has been brought to public attention) 【003】Inflation / Corruption / Social inequality . is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now / constantly. 观点法开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。【001】Never history has the change of . been as evid
11、ent as . Nowhere in the world / China has the issue / idea of . be more visible/popular than . 【002】Now people in growing / significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize / accept / (be aware) that . 【003】Now there is a growing awareness of the necessity to . . Now people become increasingly aw
12、are / conscious of the importance of .【004】Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude / idea that . 引用法 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法来引出文章要展开论述的观点。【001】Knowledge is power. such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people . Education is not complete with graduation
13、. Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion. 【002】. How often we hear such statements/words like those /this . In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this . 比较法 通过对过去/现在两种不同的倾向/观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点。【001】For years, . had
14、been viewed as . . But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing . , people . . 【002】People used to think that . (In the past, .) . But people now share this new. 故事法先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,引出文章的主题。【001】Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/ learned . . The phenomenon of . has aroused public concer
15、n. 【002】I have a friend who . . / Should he . ? / Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life. 【003】Once upon a time , there lived a man who . . This story may be +adj. (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now. 问题法 先用讨论或解答的设问,引出自己观点。【适用范围】有争议性的话题。Should / What
16、 . ?Options of . vary greatly , some . , others . . 文章中间主体内容句型 原因结果分析 基本原因-分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因。【001】Why . ? For one thing. . For another . 【002】The answer to this problem involves many factors. For one thing. . For another. . Still another . 【003】A number of factors , both physical and psycho
17、logical affect . / both individual and social contribute to .【适用范围】另一原因-在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要的原因。【001】Another important factor is . 【002】. is also responsible for the change / problem . 【003】Certainly , the . is not the sole reason for . 后果影响-分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响。【001】It will produce/have/make a
18、profound / far-reaching / considerable/dramatic/notable effect / impact on . 【002】In involves some serious consequence for .比较对照句 两者比较-比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也指出其缺点。【001】The advantages gained from ( A ) are much greater than the advantages we gain from( B ). 【002】Indeed, ( A ) carry / carries
19、 much weight when compared with( B ). 【003】There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects. 两者相同/相似-比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点。【001】( A ) and ( B ) have several thing in common. They are similar in that . 【002】( A )bears some striking resemblance(s) to( B ). 文章结尾形式(6种)结论性-通过对
20、文章前面的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点。【001】From what has been discussed above , we may safely draw the conclusion that . 【002】In summary / In a word , it is more valuable . 后果性-揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果。【001】We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of . , if allowed to proceed , will sur
21、ely lead to the heavy cost of . 【002】Obviously , if we ignore / are blind to the problem , there is every chance that . will be put in danger. 号召性-呼吁读者行动起来 , 采取行动或提请注意。【001】It is (high) time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of . 【002】It is essential that effective measures
22、should be taken to correct the tendency. 建议性-对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见 , 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法。【001】While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is . . Another method is . . Still another one is .【002】Awareness / Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation. 方向性
23、-大体的方向或者指明前景。【001】Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some senses , but none is adequate enough . The problem should be recognized in a wide way . 【002】There is no quick method to the issue of . , but . might be helpful / beneficial. 【003】The great challenge today is . . There i
24、s much difficulty , but . 意义性-从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!【001】Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success , but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit . but also benefit .【002】In any case , whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it wi
25、ll undoubtedly . 附录:【写作绝招】写作的“七项基本原则”:(一)长短句原则 无论是学习工作还得一张一驰,如果你总是让阅卷人读长句,会不舒服,也比较累人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:Eg:As a creature, I eat ; as a man, I read . Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind,
26、 they are in a way quite similar. 如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,妙哉!【建议】在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。(二)主题句原则 俗话说:“国有其君,家有其主”,其实写文章也要有其“主”。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!To
27、begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. (三)一二三原则 领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。评卷教师看你写的作文也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何
28、一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。001.first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗) 002.firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:003.the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:004.in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:005.to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) 006.to
29、start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) 007.first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) 008.most important of all, moreover, finally 009.on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 010.for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况) 【建议】不仅仅在四六级写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该注意条理清楚!(四)短语优先原则 写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如: I cannot bear it. 可以用短语表达:I cannot pu
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