On Heathcliffs Tragedy in Wuthering Heights浅析《呼啸山庄》希斯克利夫人生的悲剧Word格式.docx

1、艾米莉.勃朗特在呼啸山庄中，以爱情为主题，讲述了催人泪下的爱情故事，得到世界各地读者的同情, 与此同时，它又从一个侧面展现了人性与社会传统的冲突。本文揭示了人性的复杂与深刻在于它所蕴含的爱与恨，而左右着人性的正是当时的社会传统。本文探讨了小说中的人性与传统的冲突的产物-爱与恨-给小说主角希斯克利夫造成的人生悲剧。在社会传统的影响下，当爱情产生了恨，而恨往往把人性扭曲了，而有了一场社会文明下的悲剧人性爱情故事。而恰恰，希斯克利夫对凯瑟琳的爱就是这样。在十九世纪那个“身份为先，金钱至上”的社会，希斯克利夫心中爱与恨的转变为他的一生划上了一个圆满的句号。关键词：希斯克利夫; 悲剧；社会传统；爱；恨A

2、bstract: Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, based on love, is tear-jerking and has caught the sympathies of readers all around the world. The novel demonstrates the collision between humanity and the social conventions. In it the author reveals the humanitys complexity and profundity that was based

3、on the love and resentment implied in the novel, which is impacted by the temporal social conventions. This paper explores the love and hate producing from the collision between humanity and the social conventions，that bring the end of the leading role, Heathcliff. Under the impaction of the social

4、culture, when love turns to hate, hate twists humanity. Therefore, humanitys love tragedies come into being. So is the case of Heathcliffs love towards Catherine. In the nineteenth century, when people stuck to the principle “Status is first, money is God”, the change of love and resentment of Heath

5、cliff draw a perfect ending of his life. Key words：Heathcliff; Tragedy; Social Conventions; Love; HateContents 1. Introduction2. The Tragedies of Heathcliff 2.1. Prcis of the Novels 2.2. The Tragedies of Heathcliffs Love 2.2.1. the social conventions2.2.2. the love of the pairs a. Heathcliffs love t

6、o Catherine in their childhood b. Heathcliffs love to Catherine after she got married c. Heathcliffs love to Catherine after her death2.3. The Tragedies of Heathcliff”s Hate 2.3.1. Heathcliffs revenge towards Catherine 2.3.2. Heathcliffs revenge towards the next generation3. ConclusionAcknowledgemen

7、tBibliography1. IntroductionWuthering Heights is an exquisite treasure in the gallery of the world literature. Ever since its publication, it has attracted the attention of the world and sprung numerous studies on its theme, structure, characterization, delving of human psychologies, explorations in

8、 social problems and writing techniques.Wuthering Heights is the only novel written by Emily Bronte （1818-1848）, an impassioned, spellbinding tale considered to be one of the greatest literary works of all time. The story is an amalgamation of childhood fantasies, friendship, romance and revenge. Th

9、e storyas turbulent as its title suggeststransports the reader to the North Yorkshire moors to witness the drama of the Earnshaws and the Lintons, and the volatile, yet spiritual, relationship of Catherine and Heathcliff. As Arnold Kettle, the English critic, said, “Wuthering Heights is an expressio

10、n in the imaginative terms of art of the stresses and tensions and conflicts, personal and spiritual, of nineteenth-century capitalist society.”（Arnold Kettle）The characters of Wuthering Heights show the extreme love and extreme hatred of humanity. The protagonist Heathcliff, who is deserted by the

11、capitalist society, in the course of protesting and fighting against social forces and class difference, turns out a tragedy. This essay is attending to probe into the novel on the aspects of the leading roleHeathcliffs tragedy, in the hope of achieving deeper understanding and broadening the vision

12、 over literature appreciation of the novel. 2. The Tragedies of Heathcliff cis of the NovelsWuthering Heights is set in a destitute wasteland in England. Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange are near neighbors. Mr. Earnshaw, old master of Wuthering Heights, adopts an orphan and christens him “He

13、athcliff”. Heathcliff is blessed with old Earnshaws special favor. His daughter Catherine soon become a constant playmate of Heathcliff, but her brother Hindley hates him for usurping his fathers all affections. After old Earnshaws passing away, Hindley, new master of the Heights, reduces Heathcliff

14、 to a servant. However, Catherine and Heathcliff remain addicted to and hold indispensable affections to each other. But things change, when Catherine breaks into the Lintons in the Thrushcross Grange, She is uncontrollably fascinated by the civilized circle, which leads to controversy between her a

15、nd Heathciff. Finally Catherine decides to marry Edgar Linton; she thought that she could, in virtue of this marriage, help upgrade Heathcilff from Hindleys torture. But Heathcliff runs away. Catherine falls gravely ill. Somehow she recovers and later marries Edgar. After three years, Heathcilff ret

16、urns in the disguise of a fine and a prosperous gentleman. He takes possession of the Heights by seducing Hindley to gamble. He marries Edgars younger sister Isabella but gives her infernal torment. Meanwhile, Catherine, unable to stand the conflict between Heathcilff and Edgar, suffers a paroxysm.

17、After her delivery to her daughter, young Catherine Linton, she dies, in a state of babelism. Edgar and Heathcliff both suffer unspeakable agony and cut off connection between the two families. Hindley dies soon after Catherine, his son Hareton left under the maltreatment of Heathcliff. When the sec

18、ond generation grows up, Heathcliff forces young Catherine to marry his son Linton Heathcliff who is incurably week. Edgar dies of illness. Young Linton follows soon. Heathcliff grabs the Grange. However, revenge does not bring him peace and bliss. Incessantly haunted by the phantom of and yearning

19、for Catherine, he ends his life finally. The two houses are restored to the lawful master and ancient stock, Hareton Earnshaw and Catherine Linton, who have fallen in love and get married later.2.2. The Tragedies of Heathcliffs LoveApparently, Wuthering Heights is a love tragedy. The authoress put a

20、ll her hearts into the depiction of Heathcliff. The plots structure of the novel is also described in accordance with Heathcliffs love, hate, revenge and the recovery of human nature.Heathcliff is the unity of contradiction of goodness and badness. When appraising Heathcliff and his barbarity, if we

21、 can notice every aspect of his personality fully, and consider his irritable instinct and the deep brand which his growing environment bring to the personality of him fully, we can say Heathcliff is a soul twisted person with true, nourished strong love and hatred, and it is the love and the hatred

22、 that bring the end of Heathcliffs death. The tragedies of Heathcliff are the tragedies of love and the tragedies of hate.Catherine and Heathcliff are such intimates with the same world outlook. They are both children of the wild, rebellions to the conventional etiquettes. Their love as an emotional

23、 bond is forged in response to their ill-treatment. As stated by Qiao Dongyue ,“As Catherine and Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights, when they live in the solitary and sorrowful place, they well understand the fates of each other and rise in rebellion on the basis of their common rate and feeling.”（Qia

24、o Dongyue 21）This idea is best expressed from the social viewpoint of Arnold Kettle in his introduction to the English novel. “Against this degradation Catherine and Heathcliff rebel, hurling their books into the dog-kettle. And in their revolt they discover deep and passionate need of each other. H

25、e, the outcast slummy, turns to the lively, spirited, fearless girl who alone offers him human understanding and comradeship. And she, born into the world of Wuthering Heights, senses that to achieve a full humanity, to be true to herself as a human being, she must associate herself totally with him

26、 in his rebellion against the tyranny involve.”（Arnold Kettle） However, the couples do not have a happy ending under the oppressing and distressing class society, but turns out a tragedy.2.2.1. The social conventions As Engels has pointed out, in hierarchy society, marriage is a political dealing, a

27、n opportunity to extend ones influence by dint of wedlock. The functioning factor is the benefit of the clan rather than individuals own will. Considering the social background and the great disparity between Catherine and Heathcliff, the love of the couple is doomed to fail.In the first place, as i

28、s known to all, the setting of the novel, Wuthering Heights, is in the early 19 century, when UK was a classic patriarchy society with a strong sense of hierarchy and class contradiction divided human into several levels. The nobleman is enormously proud of their success, full of the temporal rank c

29、oncept. Status is first, money is God. Peoples spirits suffer from the intense oppression. Humanity is twisted without mercy.Besides the prevailing notion of marriage in that time emphasizes power and money. Wealth and social statue are yardsticks of all. It was the wooers wealth and status that dec

30、ided the success or failure of ones marriage, which should be well-matched. Therefore, in the novel, Headthcliff comes from the lower class and because of this, the Linton family makes him feels unworthy of Catherine. Although Heathcliff and Catherine are chummy, there is actually an unscalable disp

31、arity in statues between them. Hindleys oppression on Heathcliff is the commence of their nightmare. The inequality he insists on them eliminates the possibility of their marriage. Even Joseph, the old sinner, actually a hypocrite rather than a pious pilgrim, looks down upon Heathcliff in the name of loyalty for the legitimate stock of the old house.Then, in the Victorian period, women were equivalent of jetton th