快速语法小册子Word下载.docx

1、介词+短语、副词2什么是主语？人或物短语3什么是谓语？动词Be动词、实义动词4什么是冠词？A/an/the A/an/the5什么是数词？1、2、3、4、56什么是副词？地quickly7什么是形词？的beautiful8什么是名词？名词9什么是补语？对名词补充说明10什么是非语？句子里的第二个动词To do、doing11什么是短语？冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词A very beautiful dog12什么是介词短语？介词+短语at a very small home介词积累表（45个）: 空白处自己填上At在.for对于；为了towards朝向against与.相反in在.tow

2、ithout没有into进入on在.之上of的within在.之内with伴随uponbybehindsinceupalongexceptuntilfromdownunderafteroffabovebelowbeforeaboutoverbetweenamongasawaythroughacrossthan比举例子Luozhixiang is a big basketball fan and he is the tallest in our classroom At school ,there are lots of children playing basketball .sunyixin

3、g isnt good at soccer Sunhonglei goes to school by bus Zhangyishan visited the museum with me 句子正常顺序（陈述句）状语， 主语+ 谓语 + 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词+ 补语 + 状语 + 非谓语.+ 状语时间 人 动词 a/an/the .地 .的 人 补充 时间地点 物 1/2/3/4. 物 地点介+ 介+ I have a very beautiful dog at home I gave her flowersAt home, I have a cat Pandas are ver

4、y quiet My dad has three cellphonesTomorrow , I will go his home备注：1、蓝体字中的“介”为“介词”；2、为短语，即 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+名词；3、名词分为宾语和表语；当谓语是Be动词时，名词为表语，当谓语是实义动词时，名词为宾语。4、非谓语和谓语后面所连接句子成分一样，均为：冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词+ 补语 + 状语；5、除了谓语必不可少以外，其他成分可增可减。如：I have a very beautiful dog.I have a dog. 八种时态 主动 否定 主动 否定 be（am/is /are

5、） （am/is/are）+not be（was/were） （was/were）+not 一般现在时 实（play,plays） dont /doesnt+play 一般过去时 实（played） didnt play will be （不变） would be（不变） 一般将来时 will play 过去将来时 would play am现在进行时 is +playing 过去进行时was +playing are were现在完成时 have + been 过去完成时had + been has played played 主动 被动 主动 被动 be（am/is /are） am be

6、（was/were） was一般现在时 实（play,plays） is +played 一般过去时 实（played） were+played are will be （不变） would be（不变） 一般将来时 will play will be played 过去将来时 would play would be played am am现在进行时 is +playing is being played 过去进行时was +playing was being played are are were were现在完成时 have + been have+been+played 过去完成时ha

7、d + been had been played has played has played情态动词用法状语， 主语+ 谓语 + 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词+ 补语 + 状语 + 非谓语.must / have to 状语，主语 + can / could + be （不变）+ 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词.may / might play （不变）shall / should dare / needmust 状语，主语 + can / could + be playing + 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词.may / might should 状语，主语 + can

8、 /could + have played + 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词. need句子叠加（1）状语， 主语+ 谓语 + 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词+ 补语 + 状语 + 非谓语.+状语把（1）看作是一个整体 那么，并列句结构为：（1）+ and +（1） but Or例子：luozhixiang doesnt like pigs but pandas Songjiang may be playing baseball or watching movies when把（1）看作是一个整体 复合句第一种结构为 （1） + if + （1） how that I will

9、buy a computer if I have 5000 yuan I bought a bicycle when I was 12 years old I think that I will go to America one day He doesnt know how his sister finishes the task When 把（1）看作是一个整体 复合句第二种结构为 If + （1） , （1） Howif I have 5000 yuan , I will buy a computer When I was 12 years old , I bought a bicycl

10、e from Shanghai一般疑问句顺序一般现在时 一般过去时Am Is +主语+冠词/数词+副词 was +主语+冠词/数词+副词Are wereDo +主语+动词原形+冠词/数词+副词 did+主语+动词原形+冠词/数词Does 一般将来时 过去将来时will +主语+be（原形）+冠词. would+主语+be（原形）+冠词. 实（原形） 实（原形）现在进行时 过去进行时am Is +主语+playing+冠词/数词+副词 was +主语+playing+冠词 Are were 现在完成时 过去完成时Have been beenHas +主语+ played+冠词/数词+副词 Had

11、 +主语+played+冠词/数词+词 （空白处自己填）Is he a good student was he a good student Do you have a gun Did he have a gun Will he be a good student would he a good student Will you help me would you help me 情态动词的一般疑问句Must Can / Could + 主语 + be （不变）+ 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词.May / Might play （不变）Shall / Should Can you dr

12、ink three bottles of beers特殊疑问句顺序特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句 = 特殊疑问句How manyHow much Wh-开头 + 一般疑问句 = 特殊疑问句How Wh-开头+名词例子:How many students do you have ?How much money does he have What can his brother do How do you know this fact without noticeWhat problem did you have in your classroomWhich topic have already be

13、en very popular on the internet 自己造句谓语和非谓语的关系状语， 主语+ 谓语 + 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词+ 补语 + 状语 + 非谓语.+ 状语15词（1）see、watch、look at 、observe、notice do（2）Keep、find、catch 、leave doing（3）Make、 let、 have done（4）Hear 、listen to （5）Feel23词Spend/enjoy/mind/consider/avoid/imagine/risk/appreciate/Finish/fancy/practice/s

14、tart/begin/worth/escape/forbid/delay/cant help doing Suggest/advise/allow/permit/admit/ 7词Forget/rememberTry/regret to doMean doingLike/love特例积累处 had better dohelp举例子：I saw him kill Obama I saw him playing computer games I saw him killed by a knife His mother keep him writing the homework His mother

15、 keep amusing him His mother keep him amused Yaoming make me wash his clothes Let us swim together 动名词作主语Playing is very interesting Playing football is quite relaxing Watching TV at home is really wonderful Understanding what I you need is really important before you graduate from the university.祈使

16、句 （知道对方是谁，可以省略主语）Follow me . I will show you the way . 省略了YouListen! I got a good news to share A:Jack I dont have enough money to afford the apartment . B: dont worry . Come to my home ,so you can save 副词三功能（副词放置的位置） Be+adv adv状语， 主语+ 谓语 + 冠词/数词+ 副词+ 形容词+ 名词+ 补语 + 状语 Adv+实veryTomorrow ratherToday q

17、uiteSometimes is often are alwaysoften play never play He often plays basketball sometimes I will buy specially interesting things for my son 副词修饰非谓语例子 I want to run quickly I dont know how to finish the task 定语 表语 宾语连词What whetherwho whom which whosewhenwhere why how 形容词副词定语从句that连词和名词其他从句that状语-状语

18、从句 （状语位置用一个句子写）When I was seven years old , I could ride the bicycle I could ride the bicycle when I was seven years old 主语-主语从句 （主语位置用一个句子写）What you can do is really important to meIt is really important to me that you can do something 表语-表语从句（表语位置用一个句子写）The problem is what you can do The problem i

19、s that I dont have enough money to buy food 宾语-宾语从句（宾语位置用一个句子写）I think that liudehua is a pretty good singer I wonder whether liuxiang will invite me to his home or not I dont know what I can do James doesnt know where he can play 双宾语从句He tell me that liudehua is a pretty good singer 介词宾语从句I have a

20、different idea from what he said 下划线共用I think that liudehua is a pretty good singer and that chenlong is a great actor形容词-定语-定语从句（定语位置用一个句子写，有形容词的地方就可以用句子替换） 人（who、whom、that） 逗号隔开不用that 补后面句子主语或名词 物 （which、that ） 补宾语可省略、介词不加that 补后面句子形容词 （whose） 补后面句子副词 （when 、where、why、how） 例子： I know the student w

21、ho has long hair I know the students ,some of whom come from Japan I know the students who/that come from Japan I know the student whose teacher just arranged a lot of homework for him I went to the park which has five lakes I went to the park where I found a beautiful bee 补语-补语从句（即同位语从句）=（补语位置用一个句子

22、写）I have a good news that I will visit Shanghai next week 特例分析: i dont know what to do 高级复合句分析（长难句） 句子成分分析步骤（句号为中心-连词-谓语-介词）Santa Can Come before ChristmasIt was last June. I went into a supermarket to pick some vegetables，when a young man asked me，“Can you tell me where the milk counter（柜台） is? ”“W

23、ell， the milk is in the lower right corner，” I replied.After I picked up my things，I came to the milk counter where I met the same man who held almost 10 bottles of milk.I asked，“Do you need a basket or a trolley？”“Sure，thank you.”he answered.I was surprised that he was still picking more bottles an

24、d after a few minutes his trolley had 24 bottles of milk. I laughed and asked, ”Why so many bottles? He smiled and said, ”These are for my street dogs. Today, I want to be a Santa for them.” I said,” Well ,its too early for you to be a Santa,It is still June and Christmas comes in December.”He turne

25、d at me and walked a few steps,as if he wanted to say something but he left the counter without saying anything. Suddenly ,we met again at the bread counter. “So these bread and cakes are also for the street dogs ,Mr .Santa.” He smiled and said, ”Yes ,These are also for the dogs and I love to be Mr. Santa in the month of June, Santa is a representation（象征） of surprises and love. Santa comes in December as we expect him around Christmas. But in real life there