全国职称英语理工类B级考试真题及答案Word文件下载.docx

1、 question Ctalk debate 3The chairman proposed that we stop the meeting. Astated announced Cdemanded suggested 4Obviously these people can be relied on in a crisis. Alived on depended on Cbelieved in joined in 5There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a record. Abeats ma

2、intains Cmatches tries 6All the pupils seem to be very cheerful. Ahappy healthy Cnaughty busy 7The traditional paintings are exhibited on the second floor. Alaid displayed Ckept stored 8She stood there， shaking with fury. Amisery laughter Canger cry 9Mary evidently is the most diligent student among

3、 us Aintelligent beautiful Ctalkative hardworking 10 Persistent attempts to interview Garbo were fruitless. A Forceful BReasonable C Continuous D Firm 11 Why cant you stop your eternal complaining？ Aeverlasting long Ctemporary boring 12 Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake. Ashaken d

4、amaged Cfallen jumped 13 These paintings are considered by many to be authentic. Afaithful royal Cgenuine sincere 14 Many economists have given in to the fatal lure of mathematics. Aattraction simplicity Cpower rigor 15 Ten years after the event， her death still remains a puzzle Amist fog Cmystery s

5、ecret 第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C. Radiocarbon Dating Nowadays scientists can answer many questions about the past through a technique called radiocarbon （放射性碳）， or carbon-14， dating. One key to understanding how a

6、nd by something happened is to discover when it happened. Radiocarbon dating was developed in the late 1940s by physicist Willard F. Libby at he University of Chicago. An atom of ordinary carbon， called carbon-12， has six protons（中子） and six neutrons （质子） in its nucleus. Carbon-14， or C-14， is a rad

7、ioactive， unstable form of carbon that has two extra neutrons （原子核）。 It returns to a more stable form of carbon through a process called decay （衰减）。 This process involves the loss of he extra neutrons and energy from the nucleus. In Libbys radiocarbon dating technique， the weak radioactive emissions

8、 （放射） from his decay process are counted by instruments such as a radiation detector and counter. he decay rate is used to determine the proportion of C-14 atoms in the sample being dated. Carbon-14 is produced in the Earths atmosphere when nitrogen （氮）-14， or N-14， interacts with cosmic rays （宇宙射线）

9、。 Scientists believe since the Earth was formed， the mount of nitrogen in the atmosphere has remained constant. Consequently， C-14 formation is thought to occur at a constant rate. Now the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms in the atmosphere is known. Most scientists agree that this ratio is useful

10、for dating items back to at least 50，000 years. All life on Earth is made of organic molecules （分子） that contain carbon atoms coming from the atmosphere. So all living things have about the same ratio of C-14 atoms to other carbon atoms in their tissues （组织）。 Once an organism （有机体） dies it tops taki

11、ng in carbon in any form， and the C-14 already present begins to decay. Over time the amount of C-14 in the material decreases， and the ratio of C-14 to other carbon toms goes down. In terms of radiocarbon dating， the fewer C-14 atoms in a sample， the older that sample is. 16Nowadays many scientists

12、 depend on radiocarbon for dating age-old objects Right BWrong Not mentioned 17The radiocarbon dating technique is only about 40 years old 18An atom of ordinary carbon has six protons and eight neutrons 19Radar is used to determine the characteristics of radiocarbon 20Radiocarbon is reliable in dati

13、ng an object back to at least 50，000 years. 21The C-14 in an organism begins to decay when it dies 22The half-life of C-14 is about 25，000 years. 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分） 下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。 Chimpanzees 1Chimpanzees （黑猩猩） will s

14、oon be extinct （灭绝）。 If the present rate of hunting and habitat （栖息地） destruction continues， then within 20 years， there will be no chimpanzees living in the wild. But this is more than an environmental or moral tragedy （悲剧）。 Chimpanzee extinction may also have profound implications （含意） for the sur

15、vival of their distant relatives - human beings. 2In 1975 the biologist Marie-Claire King and Allan Wilson discovered that the human and chimpanzee genomes （基因组） match by over 98%. Compare this to the mouse， used as model for human disease in lab tests， which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In f

16、act， chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other species of monkey. As well as resembling us genetically， chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority （优先）。 But there is another， more

17、 selfish reason to preserve the chimp. 3The chimpanzees trump card （王牌） comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians （兽医） often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particu

18、lar， chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesting. 4For example， chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV， the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed， their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because the

19、y are so resistant. 5By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing （找到） the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans， scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This， they hope， will allo

20、w them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration （改变） of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now

21、well within our reach. 23Paragraph 1 24Paragraph 2 25Paragraph 3 26Paragraph 4 AReasons for HIV resistance BImplications of chimpanzee extinction for humans CEffective AIDS treatment DGenetic similarities between chimps and humans EChimps resistance to HIV FGenetic differences between chimps and hum

22、ans 27Chimpanzee extinction may affect 28There is a difference ofless than 2% between the chimp and 29Scientists suspect that genes.PlaY a significant role in protecting chimps from getting 30The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful to Asome human disease treatments Bsome diseases

23、 Chuman survival Dhuman genomes Ekey areas Fhealthier lifestyle 第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。 第一篇 Water The second most important constituent （构成成份） of the biosphere （生物圈） is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures， since water fr

24、eezes at 0 and boils at 100。 Life as we know it would only be possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range. The earths supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately， but it is ab

25、out enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans - about 97 per cent. The rest is fresh， but three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains， and cannot be used by l

26、iving systems until melted. Of the remaining fractional which is somewhat less than one per cent of the whole， there is 10-20 times as much stored underground water as there is actually on the surface. There is also a tiny， but extremely important fraction of the water supply which is present as wat

27、er vapor in the atmosphere. Water vapor in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation （循环） of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated （蒸发） from the surface of the oceans， from lakes and rivers and from moist （潮湿的） earth is added to it. From it the water comes out aga

28、in as rain or snow， falling on either the sea or the land. There is， as might be expected， a more intensive evaporation per unit area over the sea and oceans than over the land， but there is more rainfall over the land than over the oceans， and the balance is restored by the runoff from the land in the form of rivers. 31Liquid water only exists Ain the center of the earth. Bon the surface of