1994年大学英语四级共18页word资料Word下载.docx

1、观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩

2、子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬

3、硬的，像医生用的手术刀样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。 Section A一般说来，“教师”概念之形成经历了十分漫长的历史。杨士勋（唐初学者，四门博士）春秋谷梁传疏曰：“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也”。这儿的“师资”，其实就是先秦而后历代对教师的别称之一。韩非子也有云：“今有不才之子师长教之弗为变”其“师长”当然也指教师。这儿的“师资”和“师长”可称为“教师”概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“教师”，因为“教师”必须要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。 1. A） Once a week.B） Twice a week.C） Three times a

4、week.D） Four times a week.（C）2. A） He left his notes at home.B） He doesnt know where his notes are.C） He doesnt want to lend his notes to the woman.D） He agrees to lend her his notes.（D）3. A） He will go in spite of the cold weather.B） He wont go since he is not feeling well.C） He will go when he fee

5、ls better.D） He wont go as he hasnt finished his work.（B）4. A） Check the timetable.B） Go to the railway station earlier.C） Travel on a later train.D） Cancel the trip earlier.（C）5. A） In New York.B） In Boston.C） In Newport.D） In Washington.（D）6. A） A clerk at the airport information desk.B） A clerk a

6、t the railway station information desk.C） A policeman.D） A taxi-driver.（A）7. A） A guest and a receptionist.B） A passenger and an air hostess.C） A customer and a shop assistant.D） A guest and a waitress.（B）8. A） Hes better.B） Hes feeling worse.C） Hes sick in bed.D） He has recovered.（A）9. A） The man d

7、idnt want the woman to have her hair cut.B） The woman followed the mans advice.C） The woman is wearing long hair now.D） The man didnt care if the woman had her hair cut or not.（A）10. A） He will return from Paris in two weeks.B） He is studying French in Paris.C） He is having a vacation in Paris.D） He

8、 is planning to go back to Paris in a year.（B）Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A） Washing plates.B） Clearing tables.C） Shining shoes.D） Sweeping the floor.（C）12. A） He must work six days a week.B） He should never be late for work.C） He must stud

9、y hard in his spare time.D） He should not bring his friends to the restaurant.（B）13. A） To pay him for his work.B） To let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.C） To give his friends free drinks.D） To allow him to have more free time.（A）14. A） Because the boy was not a full-time worker.B） Because

10、 the boy had made some mistakes.C） Because he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.D） Because he thought it was his son who should pay him.（D）Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A） Watching traditional plays.B） Visiting the magnificent librar

11、ies.C） Boating on the river.D） Cycling in narrow streets.（C）16. A） There are many visitors there.B） There are many students there.C） There are many old streets there.D） There are many bicycles there.（D）17. A） He thinks the city is too crowded.B） He likes the place very much.C） He thinks the streets

12、are too narrow.D） He admires the comfortable life of the students there.（B）Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A） He was good at writing about interesting people.B） It was much easier to write stories about people.C） He believed that people are always eas

13、ier to learn about other people.D） He thought people played an important role in world events.（C）19. A） Action.B） World News.C） Enterprise.D） Faces and places.（A）20. A） He is a sportsman.B） He is an actor.C） He is a photographer.D） He is a publisher.（D）Part II Reading Comprehension （35 minutes）Quest

14、ions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Suppose we built a robot （机器人） to explore the planet Mars. We provide the robot with seeing detectors to keep it away from danger. It is powered entirely by the sun. Should we program the robot to be equally active at all times? No. The robot would be

15、 using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any. So we would probably program it to cease its activity at night and to wake up at dawn the next morning.According to the evolutionary （进化的） theory of sleep, evolution equipped us with a regular pattern of sleeping and waking for the same reaso

16、n. The theory does not deny （否认） that sleep provides some important restorative functions. It merely says that evolution has programmed us to perform those functions at a time when activity would be inefficient and possibly dangerous. However, sleep protects us only from the sort of trouble we might

17、 walk into; it does not protect us from trouble that comes looking for us. So we sleep well when we are in familiar, safe place, but we sleep lightly, if at all, when we fear that bears will nose into the tent.The evolutionary theory accounts well for differences in sleep among creatures. Why do cat

18、s, for instance, sleep so much, while horses sleep so little? Surely cats do not need five times as much repair and restoration as horses do. But cats can afford to have long periods of inactivity because they spend little time eating and are unlikely to be attacked while they sleep. Horses must spe

19、nd almost all their waking hours eating, because what they eat is very low in energy value. Moreover, they cannot afford to sleep too long or too deeply, because their survival depends on their ability to run away from attackers.21. The author uses the example of the robot in space exploration to te

20、ll us _.A） the differences between robots and menB） the reason why men need to sleepC） about the need for robots to save powerD） about the danger of men working at night（B）22. Evolution has programmed man to sleep at night chiefly to help him _.A） maintain a regular pattern of lifeB） prevent trouble

21、 that comes looking for himC） avoid danger and inefficient laborD） restore his bodily functions（C）23. According to the author, we cannot sleep well when we _.A） are worrying about our safetyB） are overworkedC） are in a tentD） are away from home（A）24. Cats sleep much more than horses do partly becaus

22、e cats _.A） need more time for restorationB） are unlikely to be attackersC） are more active than horses when they are awakeD） spend less time eating to get enough energy（D）25. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? _.A） Evolution has equipped all creatures with a regular pattern of

23、sleeping and waking.B） The study of sleep is an important part of the evolutionary theory.C） Sleeping patterns must be taken into consideration in the designing of robots.D） The sleeping pattern of a living creature is determined by the food it eats.（A）Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following p

24、assage.“Congratulations, Mr. Jones, its a girl.”Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good father. Although there are so

25、me men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy （怀孕） was an accident that

26、 both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this resocialization process

27、. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of a father.It is argued by some writers that the transition to the fathers role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the transition the wife must make to the mothers role.

28、The mothers role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine （生活规律） and highly innovative （创新的） adaptation, on the other hand, the fathers role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the

29、father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household.26. According to the author, being a father _.A） brings a feeling of excitement to some menB） has a different meaning for those who have daughtersC） makes some men feel proud and others uneasyD） means nothing but more responsibiliti

30、es（C）27. It is stated in the passage that _.A） some parents are not prepared to have a childB） young couples do not like children at allC） working couples do not have much time to take care of their childrenD） many parents look forward to having a boy as their first child（A）28. In the second paragraph, the author _.A） criticizes fathers for not taking enough responsibilities