大学英语四级真题及答案完整版Word格式.docx

1、Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a le

2、tter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Just because they cant sing opera or ride a bicycle doesnt mean that animals dont have culture. Theres no better example of th

3、is than killer whales. As one of the most_（27）predators（食肉动物），killer whales may not fit the_（28） of a cultured creature. However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly_（29）behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development.The word culture comes from the Latin colere,

4、which_（30）means to cultivate .In other words, it refers to anything that is_（31）or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations h

5、unting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic_（32）that help them digest and utilize this fat-rich diet, thereby allowing them to_（33）in their cold climate.Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different_（34）across the globe, occup

6、ying every ocean basin on the planet, with an empire that_（35）from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey（猎物）. This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientis

7、ts to_（36）that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals genetic development.【选项】Part Reading Section B In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Ide

8、ntify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18-to 34-year -olds.A B

9、road demographic（人口的）shifts is marital status, educational attainment and employment have transformed the way young adults in the . are living, and a new Pew Research Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their liveswhere they call home. In 2014,

10、for the first time in more than 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were slightly more likely to be living in their parents home than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their own household.B This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who

11、are choosing to settle down romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the most common living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether a spouse or a significant other. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nations 18-to 34-year -old

12、s were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents.C By 2014, % of young adults were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, below the share living in the home of their parent（s）%）. Some 14% of young adults lived alone,

13、were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member （such as a grandparent, in-law or sibling（兄弟姐妹）, a non-relative, or in group quarters like college dormitories.D Its worth noting that the overall share of young adults living with

14、their parents was not at a record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nations 18-to 34-year -olds lived with mom and/or dad （compared with 32% in 2014）. What has changed, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with th

15、e decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements.Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men ages 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2009, I

16、n 2014, 28% of young men were living with a spouse of partner in their own home, while 35% were living in the home of their parent（s）. Young women, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse of romantic partner（35%）than they are to be living with their parent（s）（29%）.F In 2014, more y

17、oung women（16%）than young men（13%）were heading up a household without a spouse or partner. This is mainly because women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children. For their part, young men（25%）are more likely than young women（19%）to be living in the home of another fam

18、ily member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters.G A variety of factors contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults living with the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for dec

19、ades. In addition, a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogether. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of todays young adult may never marry. While cohabitation（同居）has been on the rise, the overall share of young adults either married or

20、living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since 1990.H In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who are living in the home of their parent（s）, and this is especially true of young men. Employed young men are

21、much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among young men has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18-to 34-year-old men were employed. Similarly with earnings, young mens wages （a

22、fter adjusting for inflation） have been on a downward trajectory（轨迹）since 1970 and fell significantly form 2000 to 2010. As wages have fallen ,the share of young men living in the home of their parent（s） has risen.I Economic factors seem to explain less of why young adult women are increasingly like

23、ly to live at home. Generally, young women have had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 and hence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to afford to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marriage-which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for

24、menmay explain more of the increase in their living in the family home.J The Great Recession （and modest recovery） has also been associated with an increase in young adults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living

25、 at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weather the economic storm.K Beyond gender, young adults living arrangements differ considerable by educationwhich is tied to financial means. For young adults w

26、ithout a bachelors degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner. By 2014, 36% of 18-to 34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelors degree were living with their parent（s） while 27% were living with a spouse or partner. Among college g

27、raduates, in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent（s）. Young adults with a college degree have fared much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts, which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households.37.【题干】U

28、nemployed young men are more likely to live with their parents than the employed.38.【题干】In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts.39.【题干】The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly d

29、ecreased in the past three decades or so.40.【题干】Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parents home.41.【题干】Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents.42.【题干】Young men are less likely to end up as single parents

30、 than young women.43.【题干】More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage.44.【题干】The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades.45.【题干】The rise in the number of college students made more young adults l

31、ive with their parents.46.【题干】One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that get married late or stay single all their livesPart Reading Section C There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A、B、C、and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage