研究生考研英语二真题和答案解析Word格式.docx

1、 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the

2、 8for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addicting 9poorly-educated middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesnt 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled

3、with unease. Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstanced for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblo

4、wn. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotio

5、nal 17 of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard days work, I often feel 18 ,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I dont have to work, I might feel rather different”perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters

6、.1A boasting B denying C warning D ensuring【答案】C warning2A inequality B instability C unreliability D uncertainty【答案】A inequality3A policy Bguideline C resolution D prediction【答案】D prediction4A characterized Bdivided C balanced Dmeasured【答案】A characterized5A wisdom B meaning C glory D freedom【答案】B m

7、eaning6A InsteadB Indeed C Thus D Nevertheless【答案】B Indeed7A richB urban CworkingD educated【答案】C working8A explanationB requirementC compensation D substitute【答案】A explanation9A underB beyondC alongside D among【答案】D among10A leave behind B make upC worry about D set aside【答案】C worry about11A statist

8、ically B occasionally C necessarily D economically【答案】C necessarily12A chances B downsides C benefits D principles【答案】B downsides13A absence B heightC faceD course【答案】A absence14A disturbB restoreC exclude D yield【答案】D yield15A modelB practice C virtue D hardship【答案】C virtue16A tricky B lengthy C my

9、sterious D scarce【答案】D scarce17A demands B standards C qualities D threats【答案】A demands18A ignored B tiredC confused D starved【答案】B tired19A offB againstC behind D into【答案】D into20A technological B professional C educational D interpersonal【答案】B professionalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Rea

10、d the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends a

11、nd has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “legacy”

12、is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more w

13、inners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sp

14、ort a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed to “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anyb

15、ody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was

16、 intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamentally “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking

17、 sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in ed

18、ucation. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at least not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun has .A gained great popularityB created many jobsC strengthened community tiesD become an official fest

19、ival【答案】A gained great popularity22. The author believes that Londons Olympic“legacy” has failed to.A boost population growthB promote sport participationC improve the citys imageD increase sport hours in schools【答案】B promote sport participation23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that itA

20、 aims at discovering talentsB focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timers【答案】C does not emphasize elitism24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments shouldA organize “grassroots” sports eventsB supervise local sports associationsC incre

21、ase funds for sports clubsD invest in public sports facilities【答案】D invest in public sports facilities25. The authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports isA tolerantB criticalC uncertainD sympathetic【答案】B criticalText 2With so much focus on childrens use of screens, its easy for pa

22、rents to forget about their own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine. ”Radesky h

23、as studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observatio

24、n, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsiveas t

25、hey often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression

26、 and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention. “Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with t