上海高中宾语从句和表语从句专题讲义Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、when, where, how, why, how many, how much, how often2. 连接词的判定：根据连接词在从句中所做的不同的成分，我们可以归纳如下： 人 物主语 ： who what 宾语： whom what名词性从句 表语： 定语： which what whose 状语：when where why how （how many, how much, how often） 不做成份：that if/whether as if /as though【知识梳理1】宾语从句（一）宾语从句简介用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句可以由从属连词that, whether

2、、if，关系代词what, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, whatever, whichever, whomever和关系副词when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however引导。1、作动词宾语 （1）由从属连词that引导的宾语从句。that引导宾语从句时，只起引导词作用，在句中不做成分，在口语和非正式文体中常省去。I think （that） hell be right in a few days. （2）由关系代词what, who, whom, whose, which, whoever, wha

3、tever, whichever, whomever引导的宾语从句，在句中作成分，即主语、宾语、表语和定语，关系代词在句中不能省略。A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do （3）关系副词when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等引导宾语从句。关系副词 when，where，how，why 既有疑问意义，又起连接作用，而且在宾语从句中充当各种状语，分别表时间、地点、方式、原因。在句中不能省略。Please tell me when we shall discuss

4、 our plan. （4）由从属连词whether或if引导的宾语从句。I wonder whether （if） daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside. 2、作介词宾语It depends on whether he is coming or not. 3. 作形容词宾语that引导的从句在下列形容词后面作宾语，that可以省略。Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sor

5、ry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content, proud等。I am not certain whether I have met him before.Im sorry （that） youre ill. （二）宾语从句在高考中的重难点1. it 充当形式宾语（1）在believe, consider, declare, estimate, fancy, feel, find, guess, hear, imagine, know, make, prove, reckon, t

6、hink, understand 等动词接复合宾语（宾语宾补）时，要用it作形式宾语。She thinks it wrong that he didnt answer the phone （2）在like，enjoy，love，hate, take 等表“喜怒哀乐”的动词，后若要跟宾语从句时，需跟形式宾语 it。I hate it when people talk with their mouths full. I like it that everyone passed the exam （3）由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接 that 宾语从句时，要用形式宾语。如：We are thinki

7、ng of it that well lend you some money I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.（4）用于“动词+宾语+介词短语”的句型中。Keep it in mind that you have to be home by ten oclock. We took it for granted that he would come. 2、语序与时态1）从句要用称述句语序Im not sure when they will start.He told me why he did

8、nt come yesterday.2）宾语从句的时态特点宾语从句的时态有时受主句时态的影响。1、主句使用现在时（包括一般现在时与现在完成时）时，从句可以使用任何时态，从句时态可以与主句一致，也可以根据从句本身的需要使用各种时态。 Ithinkyouareright.werewrongatthattime.shellcomeintime. hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.doubtwhetheristellingthetruth. ShetoldmesheneverbeentoGreatWall.2、主句使用过去时，从句除表示“真理”可使用现在时态以外，一律使用

9、过去时态。 Hesaidearthturnsaroundsun. 3、 从句中含有过去时间状语时，使用一般过去时。didntwasyesterday.4、 从句中没有过去时间状语，但谈论的是过去发生的事实或从句含有完成时态状语时，常用过去完成时。had5、 从句中含有将来时间状语或虽不含有时间状语，但却是谈论未来发生的事实，使用过去将来时。wonderedwouldminddoingafavour.3、要注意的几个问题后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate,

10、 dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如：I admire their winning the match. （） I admire that they won the match. （） 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词 有些动词不可用于“动词间接宾语that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。He impressed the

11、manager as an honest man. （） He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. （）【例题精讲】1. He was born in is now known as Xiangyang.2. we cant get seems better than we have.3. When we arrived in our apartment was supposed to be, all I could see was a school.4 Evidence came up specific speech sounds

12、 are recognized by babies as young as six months old.5. I dont doubt she will learn a lot during her stay in Paris.Keys: 1-5 what what；what where that 【知识梳理2】表语从句用作表语的从句叫表语从句，它位于主句中的系动词之后。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。1、由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名

13、词，如question（问题），trouble（麻烦），problem（问题），result（结果），chance（可能性），suggestion（建议），idea（想法），reason（理由）等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。The trouble is （that） she has lost his money. The question is whether we need more ice cream.2、由关系代词引导的表语从句关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whi

14、chever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。The question is which of us should go. The problem was who could do the work. 3、由关系副词where, why, when, how引导的表语从句Go and get your coat. Its where you left it. That is what he is worried about. 4、由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句It looked as if it was going to snow

15、. 1. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?Oh, thats makes me feel excited.2. He never works hard. And thats he seldom passes the exams.3. The only problem was _ we kept getting lost! But London people are very friendly and helpful.4. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “p

16、rogrammed” to make us do so. 5. The most exciting thing for him was he finally found two tinned fruits in seemed to him to be a servants bedroom.keys: what why that that that；what当堂一测：1.我发现自己在公众面前很难表达自己的观点。（ it ）I find it hard to express myself in public.2.你认为有必要再学一门外语吗？（it）Do you think it necessary

17、 to learn a new foreign language?1. It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that2. It even leaves the scientists in wonder _ they should call the newly-born creature, which looks half-human and half-animal. A. that B. wh

18、y C. what D. how3. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away _ remained in the World Expo site. A. what B. when C.which D. where4. Consumers are getting more sensible and buy only _ they need in spite of all the advertisements they see. A. that B. what C. which D. whether5. Chinese medical e

19、xperts have warned _ antibiotics （抗生素） have been “heavily overused” at hospitals, which might cause serious side-effects. A. what B. whether C. that D. why6. The manager seems never to be satisfied with _ the company has achieved. A. what B. which C. that D. how7. The manager will put _ he thinks ha

20、s a strong sense of duty in the leadership position. A. anyone B. whoever C. whomever D. who8. Deep in the Atlantic Ocean, explorers have found may be the most valuable sunken treasure in history. A. where B. what C. that D. which9. Recently, the Chinese government gave some examples of _ Dalai Lama

21、s visiting foreign countries had affected China.A. that B. what C. how D. whether 10. How we express our ideas sometimes means more than _ we mean to say. A. what B. which C. that D. why1-5 BCABC 6-10 ABBCA 1.Americans have a terrible need to find out （1）_ is right in an argument. The problem is （2）

22、_ at the interpersonal level you really dont need to find the truth, or maybe there isnt any. Chinese people are far more content to think （3）_ both sides have flaws and virtues, because they have an awareness （4）_ life is full of contradictions. They do far less blaming of the individual than Ameri

23、cans do.2.One aspect of good writing is （1）_ each paragraph has a topic sentence, usually the first one in a paragraph which contains the main idea of the paragraph. If you concentrate on understanding the topic sentence, this may help you to understand （2）_ comes next. Skimming this is reading a te

24、xt quickly to find out （3）_ information it contains. You should skim when, for example, you want to （4）_ a text has the information you need to answer some questions or write a project.1.（1）who （2）that （3）that （4）that2.（1）that （2）what （3）what （4）if/whetherRead and choose the best answer.AAbout twent

25、y of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio（影棚）to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our act would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees a

26、t the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera waswheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see on

27、e of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in snow. Two more fans were turned on, and a strong wind blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.The

28、 next scene was a complete contrast （对比）. The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures in front taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen （幕）. An actor and actress stood of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the waters edge on an island. By a simple trick like thi