1、Would you let your fourth-grader ride public transportation without an adult? Probably not. Still, when Lenore Skenazy, a columnist for the New York Sun, wrote about letting her son take the subway alone to get back to her Manhattan home from a department store on the Upper East Side, she didnt expe
2、ct to get hit with a wave of criticism from readers.Long story short: My son got home, overjoyed with independence, Skenazy wrote on April 4 in the New York Sun. Long story longer: Half the people Ive told this episode to now want to turn me in for child abuse. As if keeping kids under lock and key
3、and cell phone and careful watch is the right way to rear kids. Its not. Its debilitating (使虚弱)-for us and for them.Online message boards were soon full of people both applauding and condemning Skenazys decision to let her son go it alone. She wound up defending herself on CNN (accompanied by her so
4、n) and on popular blogs like the Huffington Post, where her follow-up piece was ironically headlined More From Americas Worst Mom.The episode has ignited another one of those debates that divides parents into vocal opposing camps. Are modern parents needlessly overprotective, or is the world a more
5、complicated and dangerous place than it was when previous generations were allowed to wander about unsupervised?From the shes an irresponsible mother camp came: Shame on you for being so careless about his safety, in comments on the Huffington Post. And there was this from a mother of four:How would
6、 you have felt if he didnt come home? But Skenazy got a lot of support, too, with women and men writing in with stories about how they were allowed to take trips all by themselves at seven or eight. She also got heaps of praise for bucking the helicopter parent trend:Good for this Mom, one commenter
7、 wrote on the Huffington Post. This is a much-needed reality check.Last week, encouraged by all the attention, Skenazy started her own blog-Free Range Kids-promoting the idea that modern children need some of the same independence that her generation had. In the good old days nine-year-old baby boom
8、ers rode their bikes to school, walked to the store, took buses-and even subways-all by themselves. Her blog, she says, is dedicated to sensible parenting. At Free Range Kids, we believe in safe kids. We believe in car seats and safety belts. We do NOT believe that every time school-age children go
9、outside, they need a security guard.So why are some parents so nervous about letting their children out of their sight? Are cities and towns less safe and kids more vulnerable to crimes like child kidnap and sexual abuse than they were in previous generations?Not exactly. New York City, for instance
10、, is safer than its ever been; its ranked 136th in crime among all American cities. Nationwide, stranger kidnaps are extremely rare; theres a one-in-a-million chance a child will be taken by a stranger, according to the Justice Department. And 90 percent of sexual abuse cases are committed by someon
11、e the child knows. Mortality rates from all causes, including disease and accidents, for American children are lower now than they were 25 years ago. According to Child Trends, a nonprofit research group, between 1980 and 2003 death rates dropped by 44 percent for children aged 5 to 14 and 32 percen
12、t for teens aged 15 to 19.Then theres the whole question of whether modern parents are more watchful and nervous about safety than previous generations. Yes, some are. Part of the problem is that with wall-to-wall Internet and cable news, every missing child case gets so much airtime that its not su
13、rprising even normal parental anxiety can be amplified. And many middle-class parents have gotten used to managing their childrens time and shuttling them to various enriching activities, so the idea of letting them out on their own can seem like a risk. Back in 1972, when many of todays parents wer
14、e kids, 87 percent of children who lived within a mile of school walked or biked every day. But today, the Centers for Disease Control report that only 13 percent of children bike, walk or otherwise get themselves to school.The extra supervision is both a city and a suburban phenomenon. Parents are
15、worried about crime, and theyre worried about kids getting caught in traffic in a city thats not used to pedestrians. On the other hand, there are still plenty of kids whose parents give them a lot of independence, by choice or by necessity. The After School Alliance finds that more than 14 million
16、kids aged 5 to 17 are responsible for taking care of themselves after school. Only 6.5 million kids participate in organized programs. Many children who have working parents have to take the subway or bus to get to school. Many do this by themselves because they have no other way to get to their sch
17、ools, says Dr. Richard Gallagher, director of the Parenting Institute at the New York University Child Study Center.For those parents who wonder how and when they should start allowing their kids more freedom, theres no clear-cut answer. Child experts discourage a one-size-fits-all approach to paren
18、ting. Whats right for Skenazys nine-year-old could be inappropriate for another one. It all depends on developmental issues, maturity, and the psychological and emotional makeup of that child. Several factors must be taken into account, says Gallagher. The ability to follow parent guidelines, the ch
19、ilds level of comfort in handling such situations, and a childs general judgment should be weighed.Gallagher agrees with Skenazy that many nine-year-olds are ready for independence like taking public transportation alone. At certain times of the day, on certain routes, the subways are generally safe
20、 for these children, especially if they have grown up in the city and have been taught how to be safe, how to obtain help if they are concerned for their safety, and how to avoid unsafe situations by being watchful and on their toes.But even with more traffic and fewer sidewalks, modern parents do h
21、ave one advantage their parents didnt: the cell phone. Being able to check in with a child anytime goes a long way toward relieving parental anxiety and may help parents loosen their control a little sooner. Skenazy got a lot of criticism because she didnt give her kid her cell phone because she tho
22、ught hed lose it and wanted him to learn to go it alone without depending on mom-a major principle of free-range parenting. But most parents are more than happy to use cell phones to keep tracks on their kids.And for those who like the idea of free-range kids but still struggle with their inner heli
23、copter parent, there may be a middle way. A new generation of GPS cell phones with tracking software make it easier than ever to follow a childs every movement via the Internet-without seeming to interfere or hover. Of course, when they go to college, they might start objecting to being monitored as
24、 if theyre on parole (假释).1. When Lenore Skenazys son was allowed to take the subway alone, he _.A was afraid that he might get lostB enjoyed having the independenceC was only too pleased to take the riskD thought he was an exceptional child2. Lenore Skenazy believes that keeping kids under careful
25、watch _.A hinders their healthy growthB adds too much to parents expensesC shows traditional parental cautionD bucks the latest parenting trend3. Skenazys decision to let her son take the subway alone has met with _.A opposition from her own familyB official charges of child abuseC approval from psy
26、chologistsD somewhat mixed responses4. Skenazy started her own blog to _.A promote sensible parentingB share parenting experienceC fight against child abuseD protect childrens right5. According to the author, New York City _.A ranks high in road accidentsB is much safer than beforeC ranks low in chi
27、ld mortality ratesD is less dangerous than small cities6. Parents today are more nervous about their kids safety than previous generations because _.A there are now fewer children in the familyB the number of traffic accidents has been increasingC their fear is amplified by media exposure of crimeD
28、crime rates have been on the rise over the years7. According to child experts, how and when kids may be allowed more freedom depends on _.A the traditions and customs of the communityB the safety conditions of their neighborhoodC their parents psychological makeupD their maturity and personal qualities8. According to Gallagher and Skenazy, children who are watchful will be better able to stay away from _.9. Being able to find out where a child is anytime helps lessen parent
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