届山西省大同市高三第一次联考英语试题含详细解析Word文档下载推荐.docx

1、二三四五六总分得分注意事项：1答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）请点击修改第I卷的文字说明评卷人一、阅读理解 Last year marked the 100th anniversary of the end of World War I. There were events around the world in memory of those who died in the conflict. We have picked out three of them in European countries. Lets take a look.B

2、elgiumIn a park, the famous Belgian artist Koen Vanmechelen had an exhibition called Coming World, Remember Me. The work consisted of 600,000 individual（个别的） clay sculptures, one for each person killed during the World War. In the center of the exhibition was a big egg made of clay, symbolizing a ne

3、w world.UKIn a small town called Aldridge, almost 100 houses in one street were covered with 24,000 poppies and statues of soldiers. They stood for the men from the area who had been killed in the war. The flowers were chosen because of a poem written by the Canadian doctor John McCrea in 1915. They

4、 made people think of fields of blood.FranceThe British artist Guy Denning arrived in La Feuille, a small town in the northwest of France, to stick life-size drawings of soldiers who never came back home. Armed with glue and a brush, Denning stuck his drawings carefully on walls. Before long 112 men

5、, mainly young adults, were brought back to mind, if not to life.1What do we know about Coming World, Remember Me?AIts the name of an exhibition. BIts a film about World War I.CIts a work standing for peace. DIts a sculpture made of clay.2Why were poppies chosen to symbolize the dead soldiers?AThe B

6、ritish people preferred them. BThey showed the cruelty of war.CA Canadian doctor suggested them. DThe fields were filled with them.3How was the end of World War I marked in France?AA memorial to the dead soldiers was built.B112 wounded soldiers in the war were helped.CDrawings of some dead soldiers

7、were put up.DYoung adults were encouraged to join the army. Alongside air and water, food is a necessity for human beings to survive and thrive. But its a lot more than that. As Mariette Dichristina of Scientific American wrote: “The most intimate （亲密的） relationship we will ever have is not with any

8、 fellow human being. Instead, it is between our bodies and our food.”Nowadays, for most people in the worlds wealthiest countries, food is a hobby, an enthusiasm, and even something fashionable.Turn on the TV in the US, UK or France, and youll find at least one channel feeding this popular obsession

9、.And most of us know at least one person who thinks of themselves as a “foodie”. Its almost impossible nowadays to check our social media apps without at least two or three photos of delicious meals appearing on our screen.But behind the fancy recipes and social media bragging （夸耀）, many of us forge

10、t how much we take food for granted. This is why World Food Day is held each year.Take Kenya for example. This east African nation has been suffering terrible droughts. The result is that people are beginning to starve. Children in particular are suffering, with some of them even dying.This may seem

11、 shocking to know, especially as many cultures outside of Africa think of food in a completely different way. But even in the UK, families on low incomes are forced to use food banksEuropean organizations that hand out donated food to those who cant afford to pay for it themselves.So what can we do

12、on World Food Day? One good way to spend it would be to feel humble and appreciate what we have. After all, food is essential for survival, but not everyone is as lucky as we are when it comes to dinner time.4According to Mariette Dichristina, what has the closest relationship with us?AAir. BWater.C

13、Food. DHuman beings.5What does the underlined word “foodie” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?ADelicious food. BA person fond of food.CA social media app. DA photo of delicious meals.6Who can get help from food banks?APoor people in the UK. BPoor people in Africa.CStarving children in Kenya. DPeople in t

14、he drought-stricken.7Whats the best title for the text?ATreat Food as a Hobby BTime to Appreciate FoodCFood Shortage in Some Countries DHow to Spend World Food Day Traditionally, robots have been hard, made of metal and other rigid material. But a team of scientists at Harvard University in the US h

15、as managed to build an entirely soft robot-one that draws inspiration from an octopus （章鱼）.Described in science journal Nature, the “Octobot” could pave the way for more effective autonomous robots that could be used in search，rescue and exploration. “The Octobot is minimal system which may serve as

16、 a foundation for a new generation of completely soft, autonomous robots” the studys authors wrote.Robots built for precise, repetitive movements in a controlled environment dont do so well on rough terrains （地形） or in unpredictable conditions. And they arent especially safe around humans, because t

17、heyre made out of hard and heavy parts that could be potentially dangerous to their users.So researchers have been working on building soft robots for decades. Theyre taken inspiration from nature, looking to animals from jellyfish to cockroaches, which are often made up of more flexible matter.But

18、creating a completely soft robot remains a challenge. Even if engineers build a silicone （硅酮） body, its still a grand challenge to construct flexible versions of essential parts, such as a source of power.“Although soft robotics is still in its early stage, it holds great promise for several applica

19、tions, such as search-rescue operations and exploration,” Barbara Mazzolai and Virgilio Mattoli of the Italian Institute of Technology Center for Micro-BioRobotics, wrote in a comment. “Soft robots might also open up new approaches to improving wellness and quality of life.”8Whats the special featur

20、e of “Octobot”？AIts soft. BIts made of metal.CIts very small. DIt looks like an octopus.9Whats the disadvantage of traditional robots?ATheyre hard to control. BTheyre too heavy to move.CThey cant predict conditions. DThey cant behave well all the time.10One of the biggest challenges is to build Octo

21、bots _.Asilicone body Bcomplex componentsCprecise movements Dflexible power source11Whats the possible application of “Octobot”？AMedical research. BLife rescue.CMachine operation. DHouse cleaning. Whats small, buzzes here and there and visits flowers? If you said bees or hummingbirds, you got it. Yo

22、u wouldnt be the first if you mixed the two up. Now a group of researchers even say we should embrace our history of considering the two together in the same group. The way scientists study bees could help them study hummingbird behavior, too.Scientists first compared the two back in the 1970s when

23、studying how animals search for food. The idea is that animals use a kind of math to make choices in order to minimize the work it takes to earn maximum rewards. Researchers at the time focused on movement rules, like the order in which they visited flowers, and where flowers were located relative t

24、o others. It was “almost like an algorithm（算法）” for efficient searching, said David Pritchard, a biologist at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland. Hummingbirds and bees had similar solutions.As the field of animal cognition（认知） appeared, hummingbird and bee research parted. Neuroscientists and

25、 behavioral ecologists developed ways to study bee behavior in naturalistic settings. Hummingbird researchers compared hummingbirds to other birds and borrowed methods from psychology to study their ability to learn in the lab. To be fair, hummingbirds and bees differ. For example, hummingbirds have

26、 more advanced eyes and brains than bees. Honeybees and bumblebees are social; hummingbirds typically arent.But however they perceive（感知） or process information, they both experience similar information, Dr. Pritchard said. In day-to-day searching for food, for example, hummingbirds may rely on more

27、 of a bees-eye view than a birds-eye view. Like other birds, they rely on landmarks, distances and directions to make maps when travelling long distances, but they dont use these cues to find flowers. Move a flower just an inch or so away from where a hummingbird thought it was and it will hover ove

28、r the flowers original location. Dr. Pritchard is investigating if, like bees, hummingbirds engage in view matching hovering, scanning snapshots of a place to its memory and using those as references later.12What is the center of research on hummingbirds and bees in the 1970s?AMemory.BMovement rules

29、.CReward calculating.DInformation processing.13Which subjects research methods were adopted to study the learning ability of Hummingbirds?AMath.BBiology.CEcology.DPsychology.14How do researchers find out that hummingbirds are not like birds?ABy setting them free.BBy moving flowers.CBy matching view.

30、DBy making maps.15Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AHummingbirds and BeesBHummingbirds in the LabCNew Trends in Studying BeesDThinking of Hummingbirds as Bees二、完形填空 In one of my college classes, we were required to do an act of kindness. My project included 16 lunch for an e

31、lderly person. When I 17 the elderly person with the food I cooked, it never 18 to me that it would result in a new friendship and the discovery of a 19 .The person I visited was Bill, who was unable to 20 much. A nurse came regularly to help him move to and from the wheelchair because he has no 21 . Bill said he was delighted to see me and it was a 22 for him to eat a meal with me because he usually eats 23 . He said the food was great, but he enjoyed having 24 even more than the food.Bill had had a 25 life whe