人物故事类文章阅读拓展初英语语法Word下载.docx

1、层理解题也可迎刃而解。这两类阅读材料一般较长，即词数多，而且命题也较多，特别是推理判断题和事实细 节题多。同学们在做此类阅读理解题时往往是材料看得懂，题目不好做的感觉。因此，同学们在阅读材料时要重点放在事情发展的过程和结果上，注意把握事件的发展进程及人物之间的关系，细节与主题的关系，用以说明人物性格特点的事实、作者的态度等，这些内容往往是推理判断题的命题点。掌握了这些内容，同学们在做推理判断题时就不会以个人思维想象代替根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断，也只有这样才不会以偏概全。至于事实细节题的解答，同学们切忌想当然或者凭印象，一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。例题精讲【

2、试题来源】【题目】Once I spoke at a high school. After the speech, I was asked to see a special student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me, and it would mean a great deal to him. I agreed. He was Matthew. When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he wou

3、ld not live to see five, then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal weight lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles（障碍） and going for my dreams. I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain. He spo

4、ke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weight with me.When we finished talking, I went to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I won and put i

5、t around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles（障碍）than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion. You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my

6、 own medal, I will show it to you.” Last summer I got the news that Matthew had passed away and a letter Matthew had written me a few days before: Dear Rick, My mom said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. The doctors tell me that I dont have long to live any more. But

7、I still smile as much as I can. I told you some day I was going to the Olympics and win a gold medal. But I know now Ill never make it. But I know Im a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for lovin

8、g me.Your friend,Matthew【选项】1. The boy wished to meet the author because _.A. he admired the author very muchB. he wished to take part in the Olympics C. he hoped to make friends with the authorD. he enjoyed going in for weighting lifting 2. Which of the statements is TRUE?A. Matthew was good at wei

9、ght lifting. B. Rick had the similar disease as a child. C. Matthew remained optimistic in face of disease.D. Rick encouraged the boy to become a champion. 3. Why did the boy refuse the authors medal?A. He thought he was not worthy of it. B. Rick looked on the medal as treasure. C. The gold medal wa

10、s very dear to Rick.D. He didnt want to be pitied by others. 4. What can be inferred from Matthews letter?A. Rick was unhappy before death. B. Rick kept in touch with Mathew.C. Mathew sent some pictures to Rick.D. Mathew got an Olympic gold medal.【答案】 1. A 2.C 3.D 4. B 【解析】记叙文是阅读理解部分必考的内容，特别是具有深厚思想内

11、涵的文章，以达到通过阅读对考生进行人文熏陶的目的。本文即是励志的记叙文，体现出了这一命题原则的导向性。1. A 细节理解。第二段中的最后一句表明答案为 A。2.C 推理判断。根据文章的第三、四段可知，Matthew 对自己的未来充满了憧憬和希望，梦想未来参加奥运会夺取金牌，因此我们可判断：他面对疾病表现的非常乐观。3. D 推理判断。在第四段中，Matthew 说，他将来自己要夺取金牌，让作者看看。可见 Matthew的自尊心非常强，他不愿意被别人同情。4. B 推理判断。根据 Mathew 的来信的第一句可判断最佳答案为 B。【拓展】根据事实进行推理和判断的能力是中考能力考查的范围之一。Ma

12、tthew 来信的第一句为：My mom said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me.，由此我们可以推断，在那次见面以后，作者曾给 Matthew 寄过照片，换言之“他们保持着联系”。【知识点】人物故事类文章阅读拓展（初）【适用场合】当堂例题【难度系数】3Would you believe that the first outstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Clerc. He became

13、a friend of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and together they founded Americas first school for the deaf.Laurent Clerc was born in a small village near Lyons, France, on December 26, 1785. When he was one year old, he fell into a fire, losing both his hearing and his sense of smell. At 12, Laurent entered

14、the Royal Institution for the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the school asked him to stay on as an assistant teacher. Meanwhile, in America, Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet was studying to be a minister. He was very concerned about the lack of educational opportunities

15、for the deaf. Therefore, in 1815, Gallaudet sailed to London, England to seek ideas on how to teach deaf people. While he was there, he met a French educator of the deaf who invited him to go to Paris to spend three months learning at the Royal Institution for the Deaf, the school where Laurent Cler

16、c was teaching. Gallaudet accepted the offer. The two worked and studied well together. When the time came for Gallaudet to return, he asked Clerc to come with him. Clerc accepted on one condition: that he would stay in America only a short time.The two men set sail on June 18, 1816. The voyage acro

17、ss the Atlantic Ocean took 52 days;however, Clerc and Gallaudet put the time to good use. Clerc studied English, and Gallaudet studied sign language. They discussed the school for the deaf which they planned to open. On the long trip, they had many conversations about education and deafness. The yea

18、r after they arrived, they founded a school for the deaf in Harford, Connecticut.At the school, Clerc led a busy life. He taught signs to Principal Gallaudet; he taught the pupils;and he taught hearing men who came to the school to study deaf education. In 1819, Clerc married Eliza Crocker Boardman,

19、 one of his pupils. They had six children. He retired from teaching in 1858. Although he had intended to return to France, he never did. He died on July 18, 1869 in the United States.1. Why did Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet sail to London?A. He needed to finish his studies to become a minister. B. It was

20、 the easiest way to get to France. C. He wanted to study their system of deaf education. D. He wanted to marry Alice Cogswell. 2. From the information in this passage we can infer that_. A. Laurent Clerc was an intelligent man B. Clerc had difficulties learning language C. Clerc married Eliza in ord

21、er to get his Green Card D. Clerc was paid well because he made such important contributions to society 3. On their trip from Paris to America, Clerc and Gallaudet _.A. played cards and socialized B. studied and discussed their plans for a deaf school C. founded a school for the deaf D. Gallaudet st

22、udied English and Clerc studied Sign Language 4. Which is the right order of the things Clerc did？A. met Gallaudet, moved to America, got married, went to school in Paris. B. met Gallaudet, went to school in Paris, moved to America, got married. C. went to school in Paris, met Gallaudet, moved to Am

23、erica, got married. D. got married, went to school in Paris, met Gallaudet, moved to America. 5. The main idea of this passage could best be stated as_. A. Clerc managed his time well, and was able to teach a lot of information in a short period of time B. Thomas Gallaudet was indebted to Clerc for

24、all that he taught him C. Clerc preferred teaching deaf students to hearing students D. Clerc, an educated Frenchman, had a great impact on American Deaf Education 【答案】1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D【解析】1. C 第四段“he was concerned about the lack of opportunities for deaf people in America 和 he went to London to s

25、eek ideas on how to teach deaf people.”与 C 项表达虽然不同，但意思基本一致。2. A 推理判断题。可以用排除法解答此题，B 项不可能，Clerc 懂法语、手语、还在旅途中学习英语；C 项文中既没有说明为什么与 Eliza 结婚，更谈不上当时是否有“绿卡”。D 项没有足够的信息推断挣钱多少。根据文中“an excellent teacher, learned many different language，succeeded in school”等信息可以推断 he was an intelligent man。3. B 细节理解题。根据第 6 段中“t

26、hey studied English and Sign Language, and discussed the school for the deaf which they planned to open.”可以确定答案是 B。4. C 逻辑顺序题。根据第 3 段 Clerc went to school in Paris.、第五段 became Gallaudets Sign Language teacher、第六段 in 1816, after the two men studied together in Paris 和最后一段 in 1819, Clerc got married.可

27、确定其先后顺序 C 项正确。【考场秘招】做这类题，先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案。5. D 主旨大意题。全文围绕 Clerc 和他对美国聋儿教育的影响，所以 D 项正确，而 A 项面太窄，B 项偏离主题，本文针对的不是 Thomas Gallaudet，C 项文中根本没到偏爱做一名教师。【拓展】中考阅读理解题中人物传记类文章很常见。在选材时，不仅注重名家的生平，也关注与名人生活、事业息息相关的人或事，当然，也不乏一些介绍普通人学习、生活和工作等的故事。本文在命题方面突出高考命题的灵活性：既注重特定细节的准确理解，又注重

28、推理判断题的考查，同时涉及了事情先后顺序的排列，体现了命题的多样性。细节题都可以从原文中找到答案，只不过为了迷惑考生，常常将原文进行改写，换一种说法。所以，照抄原文，一字不改的不一定就是答案，而与原文意思相同的，才是正确的。【知识点】物故事类章阅读拓展（初）【难度系数】5Years ago a John Hopkins professor gave a group of graduate students this task: Go to the slums（贫民窟）. Take 200 boys, between the ages of 12 and 16, and research int

29、o their background and environment. Then predict their chances for the future. The students, after consulting social statistics, talking to the boys, and compiling（汇编） much data, concluded that 90 percent of the boys would spend some time in prison. Twenty-five years later another group of graduate

30、students was given the job of testing the prediction. They went back to the same area. Some of the boysby then menwere still there, a few had died, some had moved away, but they got in touch with 180 of the original 200. They found that only four of the group had ever been sent to prison. Why was it that these men, who had lived in a breeding（滋生） place of crime, had such a surprisingly good record? The researchers were continually