英译汉的技巧Word文档格式.docx

1、005. He is the last person for such a job. 006. He should be the last man to blame. 007. This is the last place where I expected to meet you. Story008. This war is becoming the most important story of his generation. 009. It is quite another story now. 010. Some reporters who were not included in th

2、e sessions broke the story.011. Hell be very happy if that story holds up. 012. The Rita Haywoth story is one of the saddest. 013. A young man came to Scotts office with a story.014. Last December, the Post first reported that probes were being made in each of those cities, but officials refused to

3、confirm the story. 015. The story about him became smaller and by and by faded out from the American TV.016. Tell me the story of what happened to you.017. The story of the opera was printed in the program.词义引伸是我们英译汉时常用的技巧之一。翻译时，有时会遇到某些词在英语辞典上找不到适当的词义，如果任意硬套或逐词死译，就会使译文生硬晦涩，不能确切表达原意，甚至会造成误解。这时就应根据上下文

4、和逻辑关系，从该词的根本含义出发，进一步加以引伸，引伸时，往往可以从三个方面来加以考虑。1、词义转译。当我们遇到一些无法直译或不宜直译的词或词组时，应根据上下文和逻辑关系，引伸转译。018. Crisis? What crisis? Well emerge from this crisis even stronger. Weve done it before. Now we are going to do it again. 019. The energy of the sun comes to the earth mainly as light and heat. 2、词义具体化。根据汉语的

5、表达习惯，把原文中某些词义较笼统的词引伸为词义较具体的词。020. The car in front of me stalled and I missed the green.3、词义抽象化。根据汉语的表达习惯，把原文中某些词义较具体的词引伸为词义较抽象的词，或把词义较形象的词引伸为词义较一般的词。021. Every life has its roses and thorns. 022. Though a translation may be like old wine in new bottles or a woman in mans clothing, the results can b

6、e both tasteful and alive.023. When Stephen was introduced to the old couple, they said simply, “Weve read your article. We expected to meet an older man.”024. You will get no word from him. Hes a regular oyster. 025. He had clean hands during this ten years government. 026. Dont put your finger int

7、o anothers pie. 027. There is much woman about him. 2. 词类转译Conversion在英译汉过程中，有些句子可以逐词对译，有些句子则由于英汉两种语言的表达方式不同，不能逐词对译，只能将词类进行转译之后，方可使译文显得通顺、自然；对词类转译技巧的运用须从四个方面加以注意。1、转译成动词。英语中的某些名词、介词、副词，翻译时可转译成汉语中的动词。028. Rockets have found the application for the exploration of the universe.2、转译成名词。英语中的某些动词、形容词，翻译时可

8、转换成汉语中的名词。029. The earth on which we live is shaped a ball.030. The doctor did his best to cure the sick and the wounded. 3、转译成形容词。英语中有些作表语或宾语的抽象名词，以及某些形容词派生的名词，往往可转译成汉语中的形容词。另外，当英语动词转译成汉语名词时，原来修饰该动词的副词也往往随之转译成汉语中的形容词。031. It is no use employing radar to detect objects in water.032. The sun affects

9、tremendously both the mind and body of a man. 4、转译成副词。英语中的某些名词、形容词，翻译时可转译成汉语中的副词。033. When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor. 3. 增词Amplification英译汉时，按意义上、修辞上或句法上的需要加一些词，使译文更加忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容；但是，增加的并不是无中生有，而是要增加原文中虽无其词却有其意的一些词，这是英译汉中常用的

10、的技巧之一。1、根据意义上或修辞上的需要。034. Flowers bloom all over the yard. 035. After the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he went home tiredly. 036. He sank down with his face in his hands. 037. I had known two great social systems. 038. As for me, I didnt agree from the very beginning. 039.

11、 The article summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets. 040. A book，tight shut，is but a block of paper译文一：本书，紧紧合上，只是叠纸。译文二：本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是叠纸。译文三：一本书，如果紧紧合上不读，只是一叠废纸。041. Success is often just an idea away成功往往只是一个念头的距离。成功往往只是一念之差。042. Nothing happen

12、ed in the night 译文一：夜间什么事也没发生。043. Away flies the arrow!箭飞走了!044. Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this! （Mark Twain: The Prince and the Pauper） 啊，汤姆康第，生在破烂、肮脏和苦难中，现在这番景象却是多么显赫啊！045. She felt the flowers were in her fingers, on her lips, growing in her breast. 她觉得手里和唇上都是花儿，

13、胸中也生长着花儿。046. Target priorities were established there. 047. But there had been too much publicity about my case. 048. I had been completely honest in my replies, withholding nothing 2、根据句法上的需要增补一此词汇。049. Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man.050. Matter can be chang

14、ed into energy, and energy into matter.051. Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice. 052. Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. （Francis Bacon）053. This is true of nations as it is of individuals.054. Better be wise by the defeat of others than

15、 by your own.“Nothing but a pony? My father asked. “Nothing，”I said. 055. How shall l do it?” “Just as you wish.” 056. The strongest man cannot alter the law of nature.057. I am in charge of the depot, only I. People will hold me responsible but not you. 058. More thorough testing might have caught

16、the failure initially.059. Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed. 060. For mistakes had been made, bad ones.061. All bodies on the earth are known to possess weight.3. 从文化上考虑，增加背景信息，提高可读性。062. Every family is said to have at least one skeleton in the cupboard. 063. Advice and correcti

17、on roll off him like water off a ducks back. 4. 正反、反正表达 Negation正反、反正汉译技巧是指翻译时突破原文的形式，采用变换语气的办法处理词句，把肯定的译成否定的，把否定的译成肯定的。运用这种技巧可以使译文更加合乎汉语规范或修辞要求，且不失原意。这种技巧可分五个方面加以陈述。1、肯定译否定064. The above facts insist on the following conclusions. 065. Matties hand was underneath, and Ethan kept his clasp on it a mo

18、ment longer than necessary.原译：玛提的手在下，伊桑把它握住，握得比必要的时间长了一会儿。066. Just make yourself at home. 067. Only three customers remained in the bar.068. Washington must do something about that man, and soon. 069. He was 75, but he carried his years lightly. 070. His speech leaves much to be desired. 071. John

19、was a fool for danger. 072. Computers may eventually be able to learn by using such senses as smell, touch and taste. But will computers become smarter than people? That is anybodys guess. 073. I gave you credit for being more sensible. 074. Please withhold the document for the time being. 请暂时扣下这份文件

20、。075. Appearances are deceptive. 076. While she liked his work, she pointed out areas where improvement was possible.077. The United Nations has not, so far, justified the hopes which the people of the world set on it. 2、否定译肯定078. She wont go away until you promise to help her. 079. I couldnt agree

21、more with you. 3、双否定译肯定080. There can be no sunshine without shadow 但是，如果翻译时保留英语原来的“否定之否定”的形式并不影响中文的流畅时，则应保留的目的还可突出原文中婉转的语气。如He is not unequal to the duty. 他并非不称职。4、正反移位081. I dont think he will come. 5、译为部分否定082. Not all minerals come from mines. 083. Both of the substances do not dissolve in water

22、.5. 重复Repetition重复技巧是英译汉中的一种必不可少的翻译技巧。由于英译汉时往往需要重复原文中的某些词才能使译文表达明确具体；又由于英汉语言结构不同，重复的手段和作用也往往不尽相同，大致可分为三种。1、为了明确084. I had experienced oxygen and /or engine trouble.085. A locality has its own over-all interest, a nation has another and the earth get another.2、为了强调086. He wandered along the street, t

23、hinking and thinking, brooding and brooding.3、为了生动087. While stars and nebulae look like specks or small patches of light. They are really enormous bodies.6. 倒译技巧 英汉词句组成和排列的顺序千差万别，因此英译汉时作些调整，颠倒一下顺序，则是一种极为常见的翻译技巧，这种翻译技巧共分五种类型。1、复合句倒译技巧。复合句倒译可分为部分倒译和完全倒译两种技巧。088. This university has 6 newly establishe

24、d faculties, namely, Electronic Computer, High Energy Physics, Laser, Geo-physics, Remote Sensing, and Genetic Engineering.089. Many laws of nature actually exist in nature though they have not yet been discovered.2、被动句倒译的技巧。被动句倒译时，有时可将被动句倒译成主动句，有时可将状语倒译成主语。090. The structure of an atom can be accur

25、ately described though we cannot see it.091. Table tennis is played all over China. 3、以否定型副词或条件副词开头的句子的部分倒译技巧。能引起这种倒译的副词有no, never, hardly, no longer, in no way, not until, not even, only 等。092. Never before have I read such an interesting book. 4、带有介词短语句子的部分倒译技巧093. These data will be of some value

26、 in our research work. 5、习语的倒译技巧。094. For its last 600 miles the Yellow River flows eastwards through the flat, fertile, North China Plain, which is densely populated.095. Heal the wounded, rescue the dying, practice revolutionary humanitarianism.096. We have to be quick of eye and deft of hand. 7.

27、句子成份的转译英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，在具体英译汉时，有时往往需要转换一下句子成分，才能使译达到逻辑正确、通顺流畅、重点突出等目的。句子成分转译作为翻译的一种技巧，其内容和形式都比较丰富，运用范围也相当广泛，共包括五个方面的内容。1、主语转译技巧，可以将句子的主语转译成汉语中的定语、宾语、状语等。097. To get all the stages off the ground, a first big push is needed.098. Machinery has made the products of manufactories very much cheaper tha

28、n formerly.2、谓语转译技巧。可以将谓语转译成定语。099. Radar works in very much the same way as the flashlight. 3、宾语转译技巧。可以将宾语转译成主语。100. Automatic lathes perform basically similar functions but appear in a variety of forms.4、定语转译技巧。定语可以转译成谓语和状语。101. Neutron has a mass slightly larger than that of proton.102. Scientists in that county are now supplied with necessary books, equipment and assistant, that will ensure success in their scientific research.5、状语转译技巧。状语转译一般指的是状语从句的转译。它可分作把时间状语从句转译成条件状语从句，把地点状语从转译成条件状语从句和把原因状语从句