陕西省委党校在职研究生考试文档格式.docx

1、5、捷足先登The early bird catches英译汉 No new international effort has been made to overcome the worst of poverty and underdevelopment.没有新的国际努力已经取得了战胜极端贫困和不发达的。economic marginalization has been allowed to continue and the inequalities of the 20th century have developed经济边缘化已被允许继续和不平等的第二十个世纪了。continued maln

2、utrition and poor health care have left child death rates at relatively high level for large numbers of people. little has been done to achieve equality between the sexes.持续的营养不良和贫困的保健，儿童死亡率在相对较高的水平，大批的人。几乎已经完成，实现两性之间的平等。more than 100 million primary school age children ,two thirds of them girls,are

3、 not in school. 一亿多名小学年龄的儿童，三分之二女孩，不在学校。secondary school remains the preserve of a minority ,and average age at marriage has risen only marginally中学仍然只为少数人的领地，平均结婚年龄只有轻微上升many of the poor have therefore continued to have large families to compensate for high death rate ,to ensure surviving sons ,and

4、 to try to insure themselves against destitution许多穷人都因此继续拥有大的家庭，以弥补高死亡率，以确保幸存的儿子，并设法确保自身免受贫困women still do not have the power to control their own fertility ,and many families who want fewer children still do not have access to high-quality family planning妇女仍然没有权利控制自己的生育率，和许多家庭谁要更少的孩子还没有获得高质量的计划生育第二

5、套 汉译英1、没人确切地知道信息高速路的发展将把我们带往何处No one knows exactly where the information highway will lead us to where。2、大夫依靠病史来诊断疾病和为病人开出治疗处方The doctor relies on history to diagnose disease and prescribe medical care for patients3、老两口最担心的是他们三十岁的女儿还是个单身。The old couple most afraid of is their thirty year old daughte

6、r was a single.4、你是否认为公共汽车司机应该对乘客的安全负完全的责任Do you think bus drivers should take full responsibility for the passenger5、对A有利的东西未必对乙也有利On A of good things not to B is also good第二套英译汉in the united states,it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. 在美国，它不是习惯早上太早打电话给别人. if you tele

7、phone him early in the day,while he is shaving or having breakfast,the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. 如果你很早打电话给他，在他刮胡子或吃早餐，这时的电话意味着这件事情非常重要，需要立即引起注意。the same meaning is attached to telephone call made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a

8、call during sleeping hours,he assumes its a matter of life and death. 同样的意思是晚上十一点以后接到电话.如果一个人在睡觉时接到电话，他会认为这是一个生死攸关的问题。the tinme chosen for the call communicates its inportance. 选择打电话的时间沟通的重要性。In social life,time plays a very important part. 在社会生活中，时间起着非常重要的作用。In the U.S.A, guests tend to feel they a

9、re not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. 在美国，客人感到他们不重视如果邀请参加晚宴是延长只有三或四天前的日期。but it is not true in all countries. in other areas of the world,it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because pla

10、ns which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. 但并不是所有的国家。在世界其他地区，它被认为是愚蠢的太远提前预约，因为约一个星期以上的往往是被遗忘的。the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. thus,misunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat time differently . 在世界不同的地方，时间的意义不同。因此，对时间有不同文

11、化的人,之间会产生误解。promptness is valued highly in american life. for example,if people are not prompt ,they may be regarded as impolit or not fully responsible.。迅速在美国生活中高度被重视。例如，如果人们不及时，他们可能被认为是粗鲁的或不完全负责。in the U.S, no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour ,for it would be too

12、 impolite. 在美国，没有人会让商业伙伴等上一个小时，那就太不礼貌了。even a person who is 5 minutes late is expected to make a short apology即使一个人谁迟到5分钟应该简短道歉。第三套汉译英1。随意将没有掐灭的烟头扔出汽车或火车窗外可能引发火灾。Be not stubbed cigarette out of a car or train window may cause fire.2.没过多久一架直升飞机就飞抵现场来搭救这几名空难幸存者。Not long before a helicopter arrived on

13、the scene to rescue the few would crash survivor3。无可否认冯小刚先生在过去的十多年间执导了许多部深受欢迎的影片。There is no denying the fact that Mr. Feng Xiaogang in the past 10years has directed many popular movies.4。当我赶到火车站时，那辆列车已经开走了。When I arrived at the train station, the train had already left.5。开口是银，闭口是金。Opening is silver

14、, silence is golden Television is now playing a very important part in our lives.But television,like other things,has both advantages and disadvantages. Do the former outweigh the latter? 电视现在在我们生活中非常重要。但像其他事物一样，电视，既有优点和缺点。它的利大于弊吗？ In the first place,television is not only a convenient source of ent

15、ertainment ,but also a comparatively cheap to sit comfortably at home with almost unlimited entertainment available,than to go out in a search of amusement elsewhere . 在第一个地方，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐来源，而且相对便宜，舒适地坐在家里几乎数不清的娱乐节目，比出去寻找娱乐的地方。they do not have to pay for expensive seats at the theatre ,the cinema ,or

16、 the opera,only to discover,perhaps,that the show is disappointing .All they have to do is press a button, and they can see plays ,operas,an shows of every kind,not to mention political discussions and the latest exciting football match.some people ,however,maintain that this is precisely where the

17、danger lies. The telecision viewer takes no initiative. he makes no choice and exercises no judgment. he is completely passive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part. 他们不必支付昂贵的座位，剧院，电影院，或歌剧，才发现，也许，所演的节目令人失望。他们要做的就是按一个按钮，然后就可以看到电视剧，剧中，一个各种各样的节目，更不用说政治讨论和最近的精彩的足球比赛。有些人认为，然而

18、，这恰恰是危险所在。该电视的人没有主动性。他没有选择和决定权。他完全是被动的，一切，他没有任何一点。 television ,it is often said ,keeps one informed about current events ,allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics,and offers an endless series of programmes which are both instructive and entertaining . 电视，人们常说，电视使人了解时事，熟悉政

19、治领域的最新发展，并提供了一系列的方案，既有意义又有趣的。the most distant countries and the strangest customs are brought right into ones sitting room.it could be argued that the radio performs this service just as well;but on television everything is much more living ,much more real .yet here again there is danger .we get so

20、used to looking at it ,so dependengt on its flickering pictures , that it begins to dominate our lives. 最遥远的国家和最奇异的风俗带到一个坐在房间，可能有人会指出，无线电也能提供这种服务；但是电视更生动，真实得多。但是这里仍然有危险。我们如此习惯于看着它，如此依赖它的闪烁的图像，它开始控制我们的生活。 there are many other arguments for and against television .the poor quality of its programmes is

21、 often criticized . but it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many lonely elderly people .and does ti corrupt or instruct our children? i think we must realize that television in itself is neither good nor bad . in is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to society. 还有许多其他的赞成和反对电视。质量差

22、的项目往往是批评。但这无疑是一个巨大的安慰，对许多孤独的老人。它会腐蚀或教导我们的孩子？我认为我们必须意识到，电视本身既不好也不坏。在使用决定了它对社会的价值。第四套汉译英玛丽很骄傲，以至于看不到自己的缺点。Marie is very proud, so do not see their own shortcomings2。现在乘高铁从北京到上海大约只需要四个小时。Now take the high-speed rail from Beijing to Shanghai takes about four hours环境保护的最终目的就是在人与自然之间建立起和谐的关系。The ultimate

23、goal of environmental protection is to establish a harmonious relationship between man and nature作为发展中国家，中国和印度有许多共同的利益。As a developing country, China and India have many common interests.为了推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也要进一步了解中国In order to promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to learn

24、 more about the United States, the United States should learn more about China The invention of electronic computers makes it possible to free man from the labor of complicated measurement and computation. 电子计算机的发明使得有可能自由人的劳动复杂的测量和计算。 A high speed electronic computer can carry out up to one hundred

25、million arithmetical operations in one second. A computation which would have taken years of human work in the past is now done in a few seconds. A number of various complicated problems which could not be solved before have been solved with the help of computers. 一個高速電子計算機可以在一秒鐘內進行高達一兩億的算術運算。將採取的一個

26、計算人的工作在過去的幾年，現在在幾秒鐘內完成。一些不能得到解決之前，已被用在計算機的幫助下解決各種複雜問題。 Accurate measurement and exact computation are the bases of modern engineering and scientific research. Every engineering worker must determine accurately the amount of any change that the material to be used undergoes in different conditions. 精

27、確的測量和精確計算，是現代工程技術和科研的基础。每一個工程工人必須準確地確定要使用的材料在不同條件下經歷的任何變化。 And every science worker will have to make numerous accurate computations before he can say that the results of his experiment are correct. Yet there exist complex computations in science and engineering which science workers are unable to m

28、ake because they are too long and too complicate. here is an example which can illustrate how much time some of them may take. in order to solve a complicated would take him years to work the problems out, while electronic computing machine would do the same job only in a few second, 在他可以说他的实验结果是正确的

29、之前，每个科学工作者必须作出大量的精确计算。但也存在复杂的计算科学和工程科学工作者不能因为他们是太长，太复杂了。下面的例子可以说明，他们中的一些人可能需要多少时间。为了解决一个复杂工作问题的将花费多年，而电子计算机器会做同样的工作只在几秒钟， We may divide electronic computers into tow groups : machines that can control and those that can count. The former is used in satellite, guided missiles weather-forecasting inst

30、ruments and other devices, both simple and sophisticated. And the later can add ,subtract, multiply and divide. such machines are to do any operation which we can reduce to arithmetic. Besides , they are able to combine many problems and take them in any order. 我们可以把电子计算机分为两组：用来控制的机器和能计数。前者用于卫星，导弹气象

31、预报仪器和其他装置，既简单又复杂。及后可以加，减，乘和除。这种机器是做任何操作，可以减少运算。此外，他们能够结合许多问题和它们的任何命令。第五套汉译英如果房价降了我就买下那座房子If house prices fall I would have bought the house因为我对于数学一窍不通，所以我就没有参加这个讲座Because I am to be utterly ignorant of mathematics, so I didnt attend the lecture和平与发展仍然是当今世界的两大主题Peace and development are two major themes in todays world中国共产党的根本宗旨是全心全意为人民服务The Chi