完整版专八阅读理解模拟试题文档格式.docx

1、s emotional state.ConsiderDarwins words: The free expression by outward signs of an emotion intensifies it. On the otherhand, the repression, as far as possible, of all outward signs softens our emotions. Can smiling giverise to feelings of good will, for example, and frowning to anger?Psychological

2、 research has given rise to some interesting findings concerning the facial-feedback hypothesis. Causing participants in experiments to smile, for example, leads them to report morepositive feelings and to rate cartoons （humorous drawings of people or situations） as being morehumorous. When they are

3、 caused to frown, they rate cartoons as being more aggressive.What are the possible links between facial expressions and emotion? One link is arousal, which is the level of activity or preparedness for activity in an organism. Intense contraction of facial muscles,such as those used in signifying fe

4、ar, heightens arousal. Self-perception of heightened arousal then leads to heightened emotional activity. Other links may involve changes in brain temperature and the release of neurotransmitters （substances that transmit nerve impulses.） The contraction of facial muscles both influences the interna

5、l emotional state and reflects it. Ekman has found that theso-called Duchenne smile, which is characterized by crows feet wrinkles around the eyes and asubtle drop in the eye cover fold so that the skin above the eye moves down slightly toward theeyeball, can lead to pleasant feelings.Ekmans observa

6、tion may be relevant to the British expression keep a stiff upper lip as are commendation for handling stress. It might be that a stiff lip suppresses emotional response-as long as the lip is not quivering with fear or tension. But when the emotion that leads to stiffening the lip is more intense, a

7、nd involves strong muscle tension, facial feedback may heighten emotional response.1. The word despondent in the passage is closest in meaning toA curiousB unhappyC thoughtfulD uncertain2. The author mentions Baring the teeth in a hostile way in order toA differentiate one possible meaning of a part

8、icular facial expression from other meanings of itB upport Darwins theory of evolutionC provide an example of a facial expression whose meaning is widely understoodD contrast a facial expression that is easily understood with other facial expressions3. The word concur in the passage is closest in me

9、aning toA estimateB agreeC expectD understand4. According to paragraph 2, which of the following was true of the Fore people ofNew Guinea?A They did not want to be shown photographs.B They were famous for their story-telling skills.C They knew very little about Western culture.D They did not encoura

10、ge the expression of emotions.5. According to the passage, what did Darwin believe would happen to human emotions that werenot expressed?A They would become less intense.B They would last longer than usual.C They would cause problems later.D They would become more negative.参考答案（反白可见）：B C B C A B C B

11、 C A专八阅读理解模拟试题（ 5 ）Students of United States history, seeking to identify the circumstances that encouraged the emergence of feminist movements, have thoroughly investigated the mid-nineteenth-century American economic and social conditions that affected the status of women. These historians, howeve

12、r, have analyzed less fully the development of specifically feminist ideas and activities during the same period. Furthermore, the ideological origins of feminism in the United States have been obscured because, even when historians did take into account those feminist ideas and activities occurring

13、 within the United States, they failed to recognize that feminism was then a truly international movement actually centered in Europe. American feminist activists who have been described as solitary and individual theorists were in reality connected to a movement -utopian socialism-which was already

14、 popularizing feminist ideas in Europe during the two decades that culminated inthe first womens rights conference held at Seneca Falls. New York, in 1848. Thus, a complete understanding of the origins and development of nineteenth-century feminism in the United Statesrequires that the geographical

15、focus be widened to include Europe and that the detailed study already made of social conditions be expanded to include the ideological development of feminism.The earliest and most popular of the utopian socialists were the Saint-Simonians. The specifically feminist part of Saint-Simonianism has, h

16、owever, been less studied than the groups contribution toearly socialism. This is regrettable on two counts. By 1832 feminism was the central concern ofSaint-Simonianism and entirely absorbed its adherents energy; hence, by ignoring its feminism. European historians have misunderstoodSaint-Simoniani

17、sm. Moreover, since many feminist ideascan be traced to Saint-Simonianism, European historians appreciation of later feminism in Franceand the United States remained limited.Saint-Simons followers, many of whom were women, based their feminism on an interpretation ofhis project to reorganize the glo

18、be by replacing brute force with the rule of spiritual powers. Thenew world order would be ruled together by a male, to represent reflection, and a female, to represent sentiment. This complementarity reflects the fact that, while the Saint-Simonians did not reject the belief that there were innate

19、differences between men and women, they nevertheless foresaw an equally important social and political role for both sexes in their Utopia.Only a few Saint-Simonians opposed a definition of sexual equality based on gender distinction. This minority believed that individuals of both sexes were born s

20、imilar in capacity and character, and they ascribed male-female differences to socialization and education. The envisioned result of both currents of thought, however, was that women would enter public life in the new age and that sexual equality would reward men as well as women with an improved wa

21、y of life.1.It can be inferred that the author considers those historians who describe early feminists in the United States as to beA insufficiently familiar with the international origins of nineteenth-century American feminist thoughtB overly concerned with the regional diversity of feminist ideas

22、 in the period before 1848C not focused narrowly enough in their geo-graphical scopeD insufficiently aware of the ideological consequences of the Seneca Falls conference2. According to the passage, which of the following is true of the Seneca Falls conference on womens rights?A It was primarily a pr

23、oduct of nineteenth-century Saint-Simonian feministthought.B It was the work of American activists who were independent of feminists abroad.C It was the culminating achievement of the Utopian socialist movement. D It was a manifestation of an international movement for social change and feminism3. T

24、he authors attitude toward most European historians who have studied the Saint-Simonians is primarily one ofA approval of the specific focus of their researchB disapproval of their lack of attention to the issue that absorbed most of the Saint-Simoniansenergy after 1832C approval of their general focus on social conditionsD disapproval of their lack of attention to links between the Saint-Simonians and their American counterparts4. It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes that study of Saint-Simonianism is necessary for historians of American feminism b