考研英语真题试题Word下载.docx

1、dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9_the effects of psychological stress.Anyway ， the act of laughing probablydoes produce other types of_10_feedback， that improve an individualemotionals state. _11_one classicaltheory of emotion， our feelings are partially rooted _12_ physical r

2、eactions. Itwas argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry _13_they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also _14_ tears， evidence suggests that emotions can flow_15_ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988，social psychologistFrit

3、z Strack of the University of w rzburg in Germany asked volunteers to _16_ a pen either with their teeth-thereby creating an artificial smile or with their lips ， which would produce a（ n） _17_ expression. Those forced to exercise their enthusiastically to funny catoons than did those whose months w

4、ere contracted in a frown， _19_ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the otherway around _20_ ， the physical act of laughter could improve mood.1.Aamong Bexcept Cdespite Dlike2.Areflect Bdemand Cindicate Dproduce3.Astabilizing Bboosting Cimpairing Ddetermining4.Atransmit Bsustain

5、 Cevaluate Dobserve5.Ameasurable Bmanageable Caffordable Drenewable6.AIn turn BIn fact CIn addition DIn brief7.Aopposite Bimpossible Caverage Dexpected8.Ahardens Bweakens Ctightens Drelaxes9.Aaggravate Bgenerate Cmoderate Denhance10.Aphysical Bmental Csubconscious Dinternal11.AExcept for BAccording

6、to CDue to DAs for12.Awith Bon Cin Dat13.Aunless Buntil Cif Dbecause14.Aexhausts Bfollows Cprecedes Dsuppresses1/1015.Ainto Bfrom Ctowards Dbeyond16.Afetch Bbite Cpick Dhold17.Adisappointed Bexcited Cjoyful Dindifferent18.Aadapted Bcatered Cturned Dreacted19.Asuggesting Brequiring Cmentioning Dsuppo

7、sing20.AEventually BConsequently CSimilarly DConversely Section II Reading ComprehensionPart A Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.（ 40 points）Text 1The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gi

8、lbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part， the response has beenfavorable， to say the least. “！HoorayAtlast ！ ” wrote Anthony Tommasini， asober-sided classical-music critic.One of t

9、he reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise，however， is thatGilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini ， who had advocatedGilbert s appointment in the Times，calls him “ an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him. ” As a description of the next m

10、usic director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez， that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise. For my part， I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure， he performs an im

11、pressive variety of interesting compositions， but it isnot necessary forme to visit Avery Fisher Hall ， or anywhere else， to hearinteresting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf， or boot up mycomputer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.Devoted concertgoers whore

12、ply thatrecordings are no substitute forliveperformance are missing the point. For the time， attention， and money oftheart-lovingpublic ， classical instrumentalists must compete notonly with operahouses， dance troupes， theater companies， and museums， but also withrecorded performances of the great c

13、lassical musicians ofthe 20th century. Thererecordings are cheap， available everywhere， and very often much higher in artisticquality than today s live performances；moreover， they can be“ consumed” at atime and place ofthe listenerchoosing. The widespread availability of suchrecordings has thus brou

14、ght about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classicalconcert.One possible response is for classical performers toprogram attractive newmusic that is not yet available on record. Gilbert s own interest in new music has bewidely noted： Alex Ross， a classical-music critic， has described hi

15、m as a man whois capable ofturning the Philharmonic into“ amarkedly different ， more vibrantorganization.” But what will be the nature of that difference？Merely expanding theorchestrarepertoires will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to2/10succeed， they must first change the relatio

16、nship between America s oldest orchestraand the new audience it hops to attract.21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilbert s appointment hasAincurred criticism.Braised suspicion.Creceived acclaim.Daroused curiosity.22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is Ainfluential.Bmodest.Crespectable.Dtalen

17、ted.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers Aignore the expenses of live performances. Breject most kinds of recorded performances. Cexaggerate the variety of live performances.Doverestimate the value of live performances.24. According to the text， which of the following is true of rec

18、ordings ？ AThey are often inferior to live concerts in quality.BThey are easily accessible to the general public. CThey help improve the quality of music. DThey have only covered masterpieces.25. Regarding Gilbert sinrolerevitalizing the Philharmonic ， the author feelsAdoubtful.Benthusiastic.Cconfid

19、ent.Dpuzzled.Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August ， hisexplanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses， he came right out and said he was leaving “ topursue my goal of running a company. ”Broadcasting his ambition

20、 was “ verymuch my decision，” McGee says. Within two weeks， he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group ， which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he want

21、ed to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside worldabout his aspirations. And McGee isn t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives atAvon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for aCEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder p

22、ressure， executives who donget the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.3/10As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold ， deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump witho

23、ut a net. In the third quarter， CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had，according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up， opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconv

24、entional.For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractiveCEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partnerDennis Carey：“ Icanthink of a single search I vedone where a board has notinstructed me to look at sitting CEOs first. ”Those

25、who jumped without a job haven t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age ， saying she wanted to be aCEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internet-based commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2005 with ambitions to

26、 be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “ Thetraditional rule was it s safer to stay where， yo

27、ubt arethat snbeefundamentallyinverted，” says one headhunter. “ The people who ve been hurt the worst are thosewho ve stayed too long. ”26. When McGee announced his departure， his manner can best be described as beingAarrogant.Bfrank.Cself-centered.Dimpulsive.27. According to Paragraph 2， senior exe

28、cutives quitting may be spurred by Atheir expectation of better financial status.Btheir need to reflect on their private life.Ctheir strained relations with the boards.Dtheir pursuit of new career goals.28. The word “poached（”Line 3， Paragraph 4） most probably means Aapproved of.Battended to. Chunted for. Dguarded against.