英语高考7选5阅读之解题技巧文档格式.docx

1、此为考察的重点。设空或选项特点设空处通常是完整的句子，但也有可能是并列分句或从句，甚至是逗号隔开 的短语（通常是状语）。七个选项都与短文有关，多为完整的句子，句型不 一，长短不同，七个备选项通常由短到长排列。设空的位置可在段首，段中或段尾。正确的选项通常有三种：主旨概括句（考察对文章或段落的归纳概括能力 ）,过渡性句子（考察对文章结构的把握能力），注释性句子（考察对上下文逻辑意义的理解能力）解题技巧一、 根据位置线索解题二、 根据逻辑线索解题 三、根据词汇线索解题解题技巧一：根据位置信息解题1.问题设在段首（二种可能）：通常是段落主题句。短小精悍，多为名词性短语或祈使句。阅读此段剩余内 容，根

2、据段落一致性原则，查找相关词或者同义词，从而锁定答案。与后文是并列、转折、因果等关系。着重阅读后文一二句，锁定线索信号词, 然后在选项中查找相关特征词。正确选项与后文的句子在意思上是衔接的， 因此通常这两句话之间会有某种衔接手段。段落间的过渡句。此时要瞻前顾后找启示，阅读上一段结尾。通常正确选项 可以承上启下，起到两段之间很好的过渡作用。例1: In order to make a change, you need to decide why itsimportant. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your fami

3、ly, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day?Once you are clear about your reas ons, tell your family or roommatesJ J -t .“nrinsr 、i* jr u/ji Jabout the cha nge you want to make.答案：Find the right motivation. （主题句）例 2 : However, he is not a fish. Because he must breathe air, heca

4、n t stay under the water surface for any length of time. To explore deep water, man faces eve n more dan gers and problems. Man wants to explore deep into the sea. （与后文转折关系并启示下文内容。）2.问题设在段中：通常正确选项的句子在语境和逻辑方面和上下文有密切的关系，通常为过渡句或细节注释句。注意句际体现时间、原因、方式、转折等逻辑关系的关联词以及逻辑性插入语等。America ns use con tact len ses t

5、o improve their eyesight. While someOtherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pai n in the eyes,or a more serious con diti on.different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply cant trustbuildanymore. 37 Its understandable , but if youre willing to trust in a relati on ship aga in ,

6、we have some steps you can take to get you there.They ve been too badly hurt and they can t bear to let ithappen agai n.（前后因果关系，注释无法再信任的原因，并与下文understandable 衔接。3问题设在段尾：通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信息词，女口 therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to con elude, in a word 等词语。与前文之间是

7、转折或者对比关系。与前文之间是并列排比或递进关系。此时，正确选项的作用往往是补全说明 本段主题的其他细节。解题时注意查找表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前 文类似的句式结构，或同义词等其他线索。承上启下，引出下一段的内容。此时注意看下一段的开头几句，看选项中是 否有与之紧密衔接的句子。答案third ofyourIt was reported rece ntly that in the UK, we throw away up to one third of the food we buy each week. This amounts to 6.7 million tons of food e

8、ach year. As the food crisis in creases around the world, it36makes sense for us to reduce the amount of food we waste.weekly food bill! （补充解释 makes sense 的理由并归纳概括上文）Here are some tips to help you reduce food waste.Make a menu pla n.Think about the meals that your family enjoys most and make amenu p

9、la n for the week. Write dow n the in gredie nts you n eed foreach meal on a list. There is no thi ng worse tha n pushi ng a trolley（ You often end up withlots of ingredients that don t gotogether! （解释上文语句的结果）例6:Every one wan ts to succeed in their life , dont they? Eve n as a teen ager, you can ach

10、ieve success in your life; it really isnt, that hard. .+ 31 .Do , we.ll . in. school；. . No. matter how boring it is now , educationwill help you be a productive member in society. Try your best forexcelle nee in school; liste n to the teachers, do your homework, study,and get good grades. Doing so

11、will help you get into a better university, which will enable .you .to have .a . bright future. 32答案:31: Here are some important points that you may find helpful.（承上启下） 32: School sets you up on the right track!解题技巧二：根据逻辑线索解题语篇是指比单个句子长的语言单位（句群、段落、篇章等） 。语篇中的各种 逻辑关系通常是通过语篇标志词来体现的。对语篇标志词了解得越多，就可以更好地理解语

12、篇的结构和要表达的内容，为解题提供帮助。七选五阅读中常见的逻辑关系:1.解释例证关系：前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子或具体解释说明。means等。in spite of 等。3.因果关系：主要指前后的句子有着前因后果或者前果后因等关系。表示因果关系的标志词有： so, therefore , thus , consequently , as a result （of）,so/such that., so that ， because（of）, for, since, as, hence,4.递进关系：对前文进行加深解释。表示递进关系的标志词有： what s more,what s wo

13、rse, to make matters worse, in additi on/additi on ally,5.顺承或顺序关系：上下文按照时间、空间、事理或逻辑上的顺序表达连续的动作或相关情况。标志词有：afterwards, at first, at last, fin ally, first, firstly,in the first place, to start/begi n with , in the mean time, last, later,n ext, sec ond, sec on dly, the n, third, thirdlyalso, some others

14、,for one thing, for another thing ，neither nor ,either or ，equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as,but ,not only.butthe same as, likewise, similarly, as well, not also，等。7概括归纳关系：对下文（段首空）或前文（段中或段尾空）进行概括归纳。标志词有:例7（解释例证关系） You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spe

15、lt out.例8 （转折对比关系）（同时参见例2、例3）This could be watch ing TV or liste ning to music. Doi ng some exercises earlier in the day should help you feel physically as well asmen tally tired . However, coffee or tea should be avoided asawake .they con tai n caffe ine and will keep youA. So, what s a good sleep?

16、B. B. Abedtime drink can also helC. Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.例9 （因果关系）There is no doubt that, in an increasingly competitive tradingen vir onment, we are better equipped tha n ever to compete and to win and we feel in creas in gly optimistic. .This is due to. . our now

17、having a clear strategy with a focus onthe customer and product improveme nt .例10（递进关系）It seems urge nt, that com muni cati ons in tran sport should beimproved. _ All over cities, it seems that people are too tiredand too rushed to be polite.keptsmooth and polite.C. Yet this is all too often seen.D.

18、 The public should obey the rules.A例11 （顺承或顺序关系）Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you tobecome a better student in several ways.Second, yourno tes are excelle nt materials to refer to whe n you are study ing for atest. Third, no te-tak ingoffersA.Use words, not complete senten

19、ces .B.You must write your no tes on separate paper.C.First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier foryou to un dersta nd and remember.D.There are three practical no te-taki ng methods.C例12 （并列或排比关系）Warm Up.17 You should nt eve n start hav ing sports un til yourea little warmed up

20、. So take a light jog to get loosened up and readyto play. By warming up, you get yourself ready to play. Warming upyour muscles and practic ing a sport help keep you safe, too.Know the Rules of the Game. Traffic lights help to preve nt crashesbetwee n the many cars and trucks that drive on the road

21、stogether .This works because drivers know the rules and follow them- at least most of the time .18 Whe n players know the rulesof the game, you and the other players know what to expect fromeach other.A. Watch out for others.It Se same way with sportsC. Don t play when you are injured. Every day ,w

22、hen she comes back home from work, she sets about doing housework , sweep ing the liv ing room and bedrooms or cleaning the furniture , and putting everything in order. She seems tobe busy all the time.Mother never buys expensive dresses forherself, but she often buys some in expe nsive but high qua

23、lity clothes for us.A. She n ever goes to expe nsive restaura nts to enjoy meals.B. My mother is hard-work ing and n ever wastes mon ey.C. As a mother, she takes good care of us and gives us every comfort.解题技巧三：根据词汇线索解题词汇线索主要指利用语篇中起衔接作用的词汇或者上下文以及选项中重现 的词汇或结构。观察发现并利用这种具有启示性的词汇线索，从而能够快速准 确选定正确选项，也是解答七

24、选五题型的重要策略之一。具体而言，词汇线索主要包括以下几种：代词线索；数词线索；词汇复现；词汇同现；结构复现等。1代词线索七选五阅 读中常见的代词有：it, one, that, they/them, this/that, these/those, every one, everybody, each, both, all, many英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，用于指代前文提及的人、物、事或整句概 念。凡在选项中或空格前后遇到代词，就需要考虑该代词指代上下文中的什么 内容，代入选项后上下文意义是否通顺并合乎逻辑。代词中需要特别注意人称 代词、指示代词以及不定代词以及代词所指代的名词的单复数与

25、代词的对应。例题14 :The new design was well received by the reception staff of the hotel cha in.They all believe that its introduction has led to a modern ,more professi onal corporate image and greater con fide nee among them.例15 :It is important, therefore, we should know what people using our work ing ha

26、rd to improve the sta ndard of our products in both these areas.The research made by the company shows that, above allelse, customers expect fashi on and value.2数词线索除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。例16As in China, the weather is differe nt from area to area.Thetemperatures can fall to-60 C , which is

27、60 C below freezing. In thecapital, Ottawa, the average of win ter temperature is -10C, and insummer 21 C. 2 The average January temperatureis 3 C, and inJuly it is 18 C .A. Canada is the second largest country in the world .B . The west coast of Can ada is the warmest place in win ter.C. In the Nor

28、th, the winters are long and hard with snow for sixmon ths.1 C 2 B3词汇复现即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。.因此上下文中和正确选项中可能会复现原词、同根词、同义词、近义词、反义词等。例 17 : You don t show your secret personality when you are awakebecause you can con trol your behavior, but whe n you are asleepyour sleep ing positi on shows the r

29、eal youEvery one has got two person alitiesthe one that is show n to例18 :The image in cludes the way you look, the way you act,the world and the other that is secret and realourthe way you talk and the way you thi nk. In teresti ngly,self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us.A . Always love yourself.