英美概况课后练习答案Word下载.docx

1、C in summer. Sunshine hours are fewer in more southerly climatesThe backbone of England: It refers to the Pennines, a range of hills extending about 257 km southward from the Cheviot Hills on the Scottish border to central England.What percentage of the countrys water requirements are obtained from

2、underground sources?- About 38% of the countrys water requirements depend on underground sources.Chapter III EconomyWhat are the characteristics of the British economy?- The British economy was the first to have been fully industrialized. Britain was one of the worlds most advanced manufacturing and

3、 trading nations. The pound sterling is the exchange currency for about one third of the worlds foreign trade. The agriculture does not produce enough food to meet the countrys basic needs and part of all vital foodstuffs has to be imported. The labor force is homogeneous. Chapter V The Main CitiesW

4、hich city is the capital of England and Great Britain? Is it the political centre of the Commonwealth?- London is the capital of England, and it is also the political centre of the Commonwealth.What does London consist of administratively?- London administratively consists of the city of London, the

5、 original nucleus, retaining a medieval system of government of courts of aldermen and an elected lord mayor; and Greater London a metropolitan county, made up of Inner London boroughs and 20 Outer London boroughs.Greater London: It is a metropolitan county （pop. 7 million）, made up of 12 Inner Lond

6、on boroughs, 20 Outer London boroughs.Part Three CultureChapter I EducationHow many years does a pupil study at a primary state school?- Six years, from the age of five to eleven.Which type of schools enrolls the top pupils at secondary education?- Grammar schools enrolls the top pupils at secondary

7、 education. How many types of universities are there in Britain? Which two universities are the most famous ones?- There are five types: 1） old universities, 2） the four Scottish universities, 3）: the middle-aged universities, 4） the new universities, 5） the Open University, and Buckingham Universit

8、y （independent university）. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest and the most famous in the world.How are public schools financed?- Public schools in the UK are financed mainly by fees paid by parents and private funds.Eton College: It is one of the largest independent secondary schools in England an

9、d one of the most prestigious.How do you understand Marriage signifies the beginning of a new and independent family?- British society is based on family life and the family is a self-contained economic and social unit with mother, father and children living together alone in their own house. So mar

10、riage signifies the beginning of a new and independent family.How do the newlyweds solve the problem of housing?- 1） They look through advertisements to find a house for rent. 2） They may mortgage a house through a building society. 3） If they have enough money they may buy a house, but this seldom

11、happens.What is the first course of an English lunch? Do you think it similar or different from the Chinese way of serving food?- The first course of an English lunch is a small quantity of soup. It is different from the Chinese way of serving food. In China this is usually the last course.Can you s

12、how us an example of the conservative characteristic of the British people?- One example is that the British people have been slow adopting rational reforms, such as the metric system.Some people say that the Englishman is like a cold fish that has just come out of the ice. What do you think of that

13、?- This may be true. The British people are cold by nature. They do not show their feelings very much and do not show their emotion if they are very happy and neither do they if they are sad. For example, when you work at a factory, the guy whom you work with never tells you anything about himself.

14、You may work with him for years, yet you even dont know where he lives, how many children he has and what his interests are.fierce individualism: It is the idea that the rights and freedom of the individual are the most important rights.exclusiveness: This is the best-known quality of the British pe

15、ople. It means, I am English. You stay away from me. I am exclusive. I am quite happy to be: myself. I do not need you. Leave me alone. Chapter III Customs and HabitsWhat did John Bull denote in the seventeenth century and what is his image?- John Bull denotes Britain or any Englishman in the 17th c

16、entury. His image is short and fat, with a tall hat on his head and pair of boots on his feet.Why does an Englishman like to talk about the weather?- There are probably two reasons. One is the uncertainty of the weather. Another reason is that weather is a subject which is quite safe, friendly to ta

17、lk. about.What are the three Donts And three ings- Three Dont jump up the queue. Dont ask a womans age. Dont try to bargain in Britain when you do shopping.Three Ings betting, drinking and tipping.John Bull: It is the nickname of England or a typical Englishman.Chapter IV Holidays and FestivalsHow l

18、ong approximately do the industrial workers have for holidays?- The industrial workers have at least four weeks paid holiday.How do the English people usually spend holidays?- They usually spend their holidays at the resorts of the seaside. There they have swimming, bathing, or have other kinds of a

19、musement, such as shooting, roundabouts, watching a beauty contest, going to a concert or a party. And some of the people go abroad for sightseeing.What festival is the greatest in Britain? What is its significance and at what time is it celebrated?- Christmas Day is the greatest festival in Britain

20、. Its significance is to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ which is on December 25.Christmas: Christmas Day is on December 25, which is the greatest of the Christian festivals, commemorating it as the birth of Jesus Christ. It is basically, a home or family festival. Those who live away try to g

21、et back home to: celebrate the day with the family. People send presents; cards to each other especially children have their presents from Santa Claus. People usually have al sumptuous dinner, many kinds of amusement.Chapter V Wages and Social BenefitsHow long is the standard working week usually in

22、 Britain?- The standard working week is usually thirty-five and forty hours, and often spread over five days, from Monday to Friday.What is the difference between wages and Salary?- Wages is payment made or received for work or services, usually week in cash. Salary is payment for regular work, usua

23、lly monthly.How many kinds of pensions in the United Kingdom?- There are mainly six kinds of pensions in the United Kingdom. They are Occupational Pension, Personal Pension, State Pension, Pension Credit, Over 80 Pension and Stakeholder Pension.What are the three main groups of Christianity? Which g

24、roup does the Church of England belong to?- The three groups of Christianity are Catholicism, the Orthodox Eastern Church, and Protestantism. The Church of England belongs to Protestantism.What are the main features and tendencies of religion in Britain?- The main features are: 1） There is no Christ

25、ian political party, no anti-religious or anti-clerical party either. 2） There is a widespread interest in religion. The main tendencies of religion in Britain are 1） the unity among the churches, 2） more social, 3） up-to-date.What are Crowns constitutional rights?- The Queen appointed all ministers

26、 in the Government. She summons, prologues and dissolves Parliament. She concludes treaties and declares war. In the new session she makes the opening speech and outlines her governments programme. She gives her assent to bills before they become law. She confers peerages and other honors.What is th

27、e core of the leadership of the British government?- The Cabinet is the core of the leadership of the British government.What does the Cabinet consist of?- The Cabinet consists of the Prime Minister, the Lord President of the Privy council, the heads of the most important Departments and a few ministers without portfolios.