虚拟语气教案文档格式.docx

1、1A.will rainB. rainsC. rainedD. is rained答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。注意：1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.（错） If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.（对） If you leave now, you will never regret it.2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall （will） +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。2.非真实条件句1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本

2、特点是时态退后。a.同现在事实相反的假设。一般过去时should/would/could/might+动词原形If they were here, they would help you.b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。过去完成时should/would/could/might have+过去分词If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.If my lawyer had been here last Satur

3、day, he would have prevented me from going.If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him aboutit.If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did n

4、ot make greater progress.c.表示对将来的假想2一般过去时/were+不定式/should+动词原形should/would/could/might+动词原形If you succeeded, everything would be all right.If you should succeed, everything would be all right.If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.3.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混

5、合条件句。If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。）If it had rained last night （过去）, it would be very cold today （现在）.4.虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should,或had,可将if省略，再把were, should或had移到从句句首，实行倒装。Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, th

6、ey could help us.Had you come earlier, you would have met him=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Should it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was，即在从句中be用were代替。If I were you, I would go to look for him.如果我是你，就会去找他。If h

7、e were here, everything would be all right.如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。_ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were IB. I wereC. Were ID. Was I答案C.在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前,变成were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注3意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说Were I not to do.,而不能说Werent I to d

8、o.5特殊的虚拟语气词：should1）It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should加动词原形，should可省略。（1）suggestedIt is（2）importantthat+ （should） do（3） a pity（1）suggested, ordered, proposed, required,demanded, requested, insisted；+ （should） do（2）important, necessary, natural, strangea pity,a shame,no w

9、onder例：It is suggested that we （should） hold a meeting next week.It is necessary that he （should） come to our meeting tomorro2）在宾语从句中的应用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + （should） doI suggest that we （should） hold a meeting next week.H

10、e insisted that he （should ） be sent there.如suggest, insist不表示建议或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.判断改错:（错）You pale face suggests that you （should） be ill.（对）Your pale face suggests that you are ill.（错）I insisted that you （ should） be wr

11、ong.（对）I insisted that you were wrong.3）在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。4My idea is that we （should） get more people to attend the conference.I make a proposal that we （should） hold a meeting next week.6.wish的用法1）用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实

12、相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为：真实状况wish后从句动作先于主句动词动作过去时过去完成时（be的过去式为were）从句动作与主句动作同时发生现在时过去时（had +过去分词）将来不大可能实现的愿望将来时would/could +动词原形I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。2）Wish to do表达法。Wish sb / sth to doI wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager.I wish the manager to be informed at

13、 once. （= I want the manager to be informed at once.）7.比较if only与only ifonly if表示只有；if only则表示如果就好了。If only也可用于陈述语气。I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。If only the alarm clock had rung.当时闹钟响了，就好了。If only he comes early.但愿他早点回来。8.It is （high） time thatIt is （high） time that后面的从句谓语动词要用

14、过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。It is time that the children went to bed.It is high time that the children should go to bed.9 need 不必做和本不该做didnt need to do表示：过去不必做某事,事实上也没做。.neednt have done表示：过去不必做某事,但事实上做了。5John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didnt need to walk back home.约翰开车去车

15、站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she neednt have walked back home.约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。（Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。There was plenty of time. She _.A. mustnt have hurriedB. couldnt have hurriedC. must not hurryD. neednt have hurried答案D。t have done.意为本不必，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不

16、必要。Mustnt have done用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldnt have done, 不可能已经must not do不可以（用于一般现在时）。Step. ExerciseLet the students finish the paper.Step. Assignments1）Review the words learned.6Unit 21） The students will master the useful sentence structures, expressions andother language points in Text A.2） T

17、he students may master the active words and finish the exercises3） The students will be able to master the grammar tips and know how towriting a note of apology1） How to writing a note of apology.2） The adverbial clause of timeStep. ReviewAsk some students to read the words of Text A of Unit 2 as a

18、revision of wordsstudy. Explain some difficult points if necessary.Step. Intensive ReadingI.Lead the students to listen to the passage so as to review the basic idea ofII.Explain some important language points.1.The moment I stepped into the cab，I realized it was different:As soonas I got into the c

19、ab,Ifound that it was different from any other cab.the moment （that） sb. does sth.:as soon as sb. does sth.e.g. （1）Iwill tell him the moment he comes in.他一进来我就会告诉他。7（2） He said he would phone you the moment he got home.他说他一到家就给你打电话。2.I got the idea years ago when I had a job as a clean-up man for th

20、e taxicompany:A few years agoIworked for the taxi company as a clean-up man.Ihit onthe idea at that time.as:prep.作为，以身份e.g. I come here as a journalist.我是以记者身份到这里来的。3.Each car that came in at the end of the day was like a garbage pit:Whenthedaywasover,thecarscameback.Eachofthemwasverydirtylikearubbi

21、sh pit.that came in at the end of the day:an attributive clause introduced bythat4.I thought that if the company and the drivers would give people a carworth keeping clean, they might be more considerate: Ithought that if thecompany and the drivers would give people a clean and tidy car, people woul

22、dtry not to make it dirty or messy.worth keeping clean:an attributive phrase modifying a care.g. It may be worth putting an advertisement in the local paper.在当地才艮纸上刊登一则广告可能是值得的。5.As soon as I got my taxi license, I tried out my ideas:Once I had mytaxilicense, I put my ideas into practice and tested

23、if they were effective.as soon as:immediately after sth. has happenede.g.Icame as soon as I heard the news.我一听到消息就赶来了。try out:to test sth. such as a method or a piece of equipment to see if it iseffective or8works properlye.g. Jim could hardly wait to try out his new bike.吉姆迫切想试试他的新自行车。6.Wheneachpas

24、sengergotout,Icheckedtomakesurethateverythingwas in order for the next fare:Every time a passenger left the cab,Iwouldchecktomakesurethateverythinginsidethecabwaswellarrangedforthenext drive.make sure （that）：find out that sth. is true or that sth. has been donee.g. Mary made sure that she passed the

25、 examination.玛丽确定她通过了考试。7.After about a month of my bringing in a spotless cab, the boss reservedthe same car for me each day:I kept the cabIdrove spotless and clean. Thislasted about a month. Then the boss kept the same car for me to drive each day.my bringing in a spotless cab:动名词复合结构，形容词性物主代词加动名词

26、短语构成。又如：Do you mind my smoking here?你介意我在此抽烟吗？8.That was when I put up the reproductions of great paintings:At that timeIput the reproductions of great paintings in the cab.whenI .paintings:a predicative clause9.Like what I say, people appreciate beautiful things:AsIhave already said,people like bea

27、utiful things.Likeisaprepositionhere.LikewhatIsayisusedwhenyouarerepeating sth. You have already said.e.g. Like what I said, I dont mind it.我说过我不介意的。Step. Focus on Grammar时间状语从句（The Adverbial Clause of Time）9在英语中,时间状语从句表示时间.可以分成三类:第一,由连词引导的;第二,由一些表示的时间的短语引导的;第三,由一些关联连词引导的.一由连词引导的从句这些连词是as, after, be

28、fore, once, since, till, while, as long as等e.g. It will warm up a little bit on Sunday as the cold front passes.e.g. As soon as I come back, I will call you.二由一些表示的时间的短语引导的从句这些短语是theinstant,themoment,theminute,theday,everytime,eachtime, next timee.g. The moment he saw her he fell in love.e.g. The day he returned home, his father was already dead.三由一些关联连词引导的从句这些关联词是hardlywhen , scarcelywhen, no soonerthane.g. Scarcely had he gone when she appeared.e.g. I had hardly closed my eyes when I heard a shot.