Technical Overview of Windows Server Clustering ServicesWhite PaperWord下载.docx

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2、e patents, trademarks, copyrights, or other intellectual property. 2002. Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Active Directory, Windows, and Windows NT are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.The names of a

3、ctual companies and products mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners.ContentsServer Clusters 6General 6Larger Cluster Sizes 664-Bit Support 6Terminal Server Application Mode 6Majority Node Set （MNS） Clusters 7Installation 7Installed by Default 7Pre-configuration Analysis 8D

4、efault Values 8Multi Node Addition 8Extensible Architecture 8Remote Administration 9Command Line Tools 9Simpler Uninstallation 9Quorum Log Size 9Local Quorum 9Quorum Selection 10Integration 10Active Directory 10Extend Cluster Shared Disk Partitions 11Resources 11Printer Configuration 11MSDTC Configu

5、ration 12Scripting 12MSMQ Triggers 12Network Enhancements 12Enhanced Network Failover 12Media Sense Detection 13Multicast Heartbeat 13Storage 13Volume Mount Points 13Client Side Caching （CSC） 14Distributed File System 14Encrypted File System 15Storage Area Networks （SAN） 15Operations 15Backup and Re

6、store 15Enhanced Node Failover 15Group Affinity Support 16Node Eviction 16Rolling Upgrades 16Queued Changes 16Disk Changes 17Password Change 17Resource Deletion 17WMI Support 17Supporting and Troubleshooting 18Offline/Failure Reason Codes 18Software Tracing 18Cluster Logs 18Event Log 19Clusdiag 19Ch

7、kdsk Log 19Disk Corruption 19Network Load Balancing 21Network Load Balancing Manager 21Virtual Clusters 21Multi-NIC support 22Bi-directional Affinity 22Limiting switch flooding using IGMP support 23Server ClustersNOTE: Server clusters is a general term used to describe clusters based on the Microsof

8、t Cluster Service （MSCS）, as opposed to clusters based on Network Load Balancing.GeneralLarger Cluster SizesMicrosoft Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition now supports 8-node clusters （was two）, and Windows Server 2003 Datacenter Edition now supports 8-node clusters （was four）.Benefits Greater Fle

9、xibility this provides much more flexibility in how applications can be deployed on a Server cluster. Applications that support multiple instances can run more instances across more nodes; multiple applications can be deployed on a single Server cluster with much more flexibility and control over th

10、e semantics if/when a node fails or is taken down for maintenance.64-Bit SupportThe 64-bit versions of Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition and Datacenter Edition support Cluster Service. Large Memory Needs Microsoft SQL Server 2000 Enterprise Edition （64-bit） is one example of an application that

11、 can make use of the increased memory space of 64-bit Windows Server 2003 （up to 4TB Windows 2000 Datacenter only supports up to 64GB）, while at the same time taking advantage of clustering. This provides an incredibly powerful platform for the most computer intensive applications, while ensuring hi

12、gh availability of those applications. GUID Partition Table （GPT） disks, a new disk architecture in Windows Server 2003 that supports up to 18 exabyte disks, is not supported with Server clusters. Terminal Server Application ModeTerminal Server can run in application mode on nodes in a Server cluste

13、r. NOTE: There is no failover of Terminal Server sessions. High Availability - Terminal Server directory service can be made highly available through failover.Majority Node Set （MNS） ClustersWindows Server 2003 has an optional quorum resource that does not require a disk on a shared bus for the quor

14、um device. This feature is designed to be built in to larger end-to-end solutions by OEMs, IHVs and other software vendors rather than be deployed by end-users specifically, although this is possible for experienced users. The scenarios targeted by this new feature include: Geographically dispersed

15、clusters. This mechanism provides a single, Microsoft-supplied quorum resource that is independent of any storage solution for a geographically dispersed or multi-site cluster. NOTE: There is a separate cluster Hardware Compatibility List （HCL） for geographic clusters. Low-cost or appliance-like hig

16、hly available solutions that have no shared disks but use other techniques such as log shipping or software disk or file system replication and mirroring to make data available on multiple nodes in the cluster. Windows Server 2003 provides no mechanism to mirror or replicate user data across the nod

17、es of an MNS cluster, so while it is possible to build clusters with no shared disks at all, it is an application specific issue to make the application data highly available and redundant across machines. Storage Abstraction frees up the storage subsystem to manage data replication between multiple

18、 sites in the most appropriate way, without having to worry about a shared quorum disk, and at the same time still supporting the idea of a single virtual cluster. No Shared Disks there are some scenarios that require tightly consistent cluster features, yet do not require shared disks. For example,

19、 a） clusters where the application keeps data consistent between nodes （e.g. database log shipping and file replication for relatively static data）, and b） clusters that host applications that have no persistent data, but need to cooperate in a tightly coupled way to provide consistent volatile stat

20、e. Enhanced Redundancy if the shared quorum disk is corrupted in any way, the entire cluster goes offline. With Majority Node Sets, the corruption of quorum on one node does not bring the entire cluster offline.InstallationInstalled by DefaultClustering is installed by default. You only need to conf

21、igure a Cluster by launching Cluster Administrator or script the configuration with Cluster.exe. In addition, third-party quorum resources can be pre-installed and then selected during Server cluster configuration, rather than having additional resource specific procedures. All Server cluster config

22、urations can be deployed the same way. Easier Administration you no longer need to provide a media CD to install Server clusters. No reboot you no longer need to reboot after you install or uninstall Cluster Service.Pre-configuration AnalysisAnalyzes and verifies hardware and software configuration

23、and identifies potential problems. Provides a comprehensive and easy-to-read report on any potential configuration issues before the Server cluster is created. Compatability Ensures that any known incompatibilities are detected prior to configuration. For example, Service for Macintosh （SFM）, Networ

24、k Load Balancing （NLB）, dynamic disks, and DHCP issued addresses are not supported with Cluster Service. Default ValuesCreates a Server cluster that conforms to best practices using default values and heuristics. Many times for newly created Server clusters, the default values are the most appropria

25、te configuration. Easier Administration Server cluster creation asks fewer setup questions, data is collected and the code makes decisions about the configuration. The goal is to get a “default” Server cluster up and running that can then be customized using the Server cluster administration tools i

26、f required.Multi Node AdditionAllows multiple nodes to be added to a Server cluster in a single operation. Easier Administration makes it quicker and easier to create multi-node Server clusters.Extensible ArchitectureExtensible architecture allows applications and system components to take part in S

27、erver cluster configuration. For example, applications can be installed prior to a server being server clustered and the application can participate in （or even block） this node joining the Server cluster. Third-Party Support allows applications to setup Server cluster resources and/or change their

28、configuration as part of Server cluster installations rather than as a separate post-Server cluster installation task.Remote AdministrationAllows full remote creation and configuration of the Server cluster. New Server clusters can be created and nodes can be added to an existing Server cluster from a remote ma